Comparison of SYBR Green real time PCR assay and conventional PCR for identity of some commercial live poultry veterinary vaccines
Hala
Mahmoud
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Ahmed
Maher
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Reem
Soliman
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Marwa
Fathy
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Mounir
M. Elsafty
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Mohamed
AbdelKhalek
author
text
article
2018
eng
Escherichia coli (E. coli) continue to be one of the major causes of food poisoning in the world. Different methods have been developed in order to reduce the time for the evaluation of the E. coli vaccines. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious viral disease of poultry causes economic losses. Control of IB virus has been attempted using live attenuated and inactivated vaccines. Due to the continuous emergence of E. coli and infections bronchitis, it was important to find a rapid accurate method of evaluation of the used live attenuated E. coli and IB vaccines. In this study, three assays, namely a conventional identification method including; Specific Pathogen Free eggs (SPF) eggs inoculation for IB vaccine and culture method for E. coli vaccine, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and SYBR Green I Real-Time PCR method were developed and evaluated on 10 fold serial dilutions of each vaccine. A comparative analysis of these three assays was then performed, and the results indicated that the SYBR Green I Real-Time PCR had the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
1
11
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48550_22cdf0450320bdb17832d88738678933.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.48550
Assessment of irradiated Staphylococcus aureus isolates as a vaccine
Inas
M. Gamal
Immunity unit-Animal production research institute-5 mrkz bhoth alhdaik street-Alharam-Giza
author
Sawsan
M. El-Sonbaty
Department of Radiation microbiology, The National center for radiation research and technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority. P. O. Box: 29 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
author
Hala
Mahmoud
Central laboratory for Evaluation of veterinary Biologics- alseka albeda-Abasia- Cairo-Egypt.
author
Hanaa
A. Alam
Department of mastitis and neonatal disease- Animal production research institute-5 mrkz bhoth alhdaik street-Alharam-Giza.
author
Noha
S. Abdelkhalek
Department of reproduction diseases-Animal production research institute-5 mrkz bhoth alhdaik street-Alharam-Giza.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Studies were initiated in an attempt to produce an inactivated vaccine of high potency with low toxicity. In this study structural integrity of bacteria can be preserved when different radiation doses of gamma rays were used to inactivate S. aureus. The results revealed that the 7 KGy of γ- radiation was the most suitable dose for attenuation S. aureus. Moreover, this study demonstrated that exposure of S. aureus to γ- radiation at a dose of 7 KGy inactivated bacterial cells growth with low DNA damage and did not alter bacteria protein profile. Meanwhile, higher radiation doses caused an obvious DNA damage and alteration in the bacterial protein profile. Furthermore, the effect of gamma irradiated S. aureus on the innate and adaptive immune components after vaccination was demonstrated. All the measured immunological parameters (TLR2, IL10, IL1β, iNOs, TGFβ, MAPK and PI3K) were increased when compared to the control group. This approach could expedite vaccine production for emerging and established pathogens for which no protective vaccines exist.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
12
30
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48552_62809a42943d9054a28c6ab8e1c30203.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.48552
Evaluation of L-carnitine in the treatment of experimentally induced hypomagnesemia in sheep
Mahmoud
A. Y. Helal
Department of animal medicine, faculty of veterinary medicine, Benha university –Egypt
author
Abdel-Ghany
Hefnawy
Department of animal medicine, faculty of veterinary medicine, Benha university –Egypt
author
Seham
Y. Abokora
Department of pharmacology, faculty of veterinary medicine, Benha university, Egypt
author
Ahmed
S. Koptan
Department of animal medicine, faculty of veterinary medicine, Benha university –Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of L-carnitine in the treatment of experimentally induced hypomagnesemia in sheep. This study was carried out on 10 ossimi rams aged 10-12 months old with an average live weight of 35±1.1 kg that were used for experimental induction of hypomagnesemia. Rams with induced hypomagnesaemia were divided into two groups according to the line of treatment. The first group (n=5) was treated by the traditional treatment alone while the second group (n=5) was treated by the traditional treatment in addition to L-carnitine (20 mg/kg I/V). The symptoms of hypomagnesemia appeared gradually until complete appearance of symptoms at day 28 post induction. There was significant decrease (P < 0.05) in serum magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), glucose and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in experimentally induced hypomagnesemic rams. However, there were significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), urea, creatinine, cortisol, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and troponin I (cTnI) in experimentally induced hypomagnesemic rams. Treatment of hypomagnesemia with traditional treatment and L-carnitine resulted in significant elevation (P < 0.05) of serum Mg, Ca, glucose and PTH in hypomagnesemic rams than traditional treatment only. However, there were significant reduction (P < 0.05) in serum K, urea, CPK and cTnI than traditional treatment only at 24 hour after treatment. Based on the results of this study we concluded that the addition of L-carnitine to the traditional treatment of hypomagnesaemia in sheep is effective and produced earlier and more pronounced recovery.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
31
43
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48553_27f77d0dbf3c6fe4c400c919c45749c8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.48553
Histomorphometry of Dromedary Camel Epididymis and its Correlation with Spermatozoa Characteristics during their Epididymal Transport
text
article
2018
eng
This study aimed to assess the relation between the morphometric and histological attributes of the epididymis, and epididymal semen features in mature dromedary camels. The testes with the attached epididymis (n=50) were collected from adult camels along the rutting season from December to April. The separated epididymis was evaluated for weight and length prior to the dissection. Samples from each epididymal segment were processed for histomorphometric examination. Epithelial height, luminal diameter, tubular diameter, stereocilia height, muscular coat thickness and histogram of the intra luminal content were measured. The harvested epididymal semen was evaluated for motility, concentration and livability. The intra-luminal cellular contents (histogram in pixels), epithelial and stereocilia heights, and muscular coat thickness were maximal in the epididymal head. The epididymal tail showed wider luminal and tubular diameters than head and body. The tubular diameter and histogram were positively correlated (p<0.05) with sperm motility in the head and body segments.The length of head epididymal segment was negatively correlated with sperm concentration. Epithelial height, stereocilia height were negatively correlated with sperm motility in epididymal body. In conclusion, the histomorphometry aspects of the epididymis eminently impacts spermatozoa features in dromedary camel.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
1
11
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_66020_b44bc0503f3ec589c5ce9d353e85c049.pdf
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of flaxseed oil and fish oil in fipronil induced oxidative stress in rats
K.M
Farrah,
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
A.S.
Farid
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
A.K.
Mohammed
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and inflammatory effect of flaxseed and fish oils in rats exposed to fipronil and bacterial wall containing lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). Sixty rats were divided into four groups each of 15 one. Group 1 served as control. Group 2, administered fipronil at dose of 15 mg/kg b.wt. orally for 15 days followed by single injection of LPSs (2 × 106 CFU/ rat) intraperitonially at day 16th. Group 3, treated as group 2 plus administration of fish oil at dose of 270 mg/kg b.wt. orally daily all over the experimental period (30 days). Group 4, treated as group 2 plus administration of flaxseed oil at dose of 270 mg/kg b.wt. orally daily all over the experimental period. Serum was separated and used directly for determination of urea, creatinine, albumin, sodium, potassium, Tumor necrosis factor –alfa and Interleukin 1β. Kidney samples were taken for histopathological examination, Malondiadehyde (MDA), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results revealed that in group 2 there were significant elevations of urea, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β. Furthermore, there were significant decreases in albumin, sodium, potassium, GPx and SOD compared with control group. Meanwhile, administration of flaxseed and fish oils resulted in significant decrease in urea, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β and significant increase in albumin, sodium, potassium, GPx and SOD compared with group 2. Therefore it's concluded that flaxseed and fish oils have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
44
56
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95971_0f512884c11bf5bc60b90cbeac601ba9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95971
Comparison of SYBR Green real time PCR assay and conventional PCR for identity some commercial live poultry veterinary vaccines
Hala
Mahmoud
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Ahmed
Maher
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Reem
Soliman
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Marwa
Fathy
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Mounir
M Elsafty
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
Mohamed
AbdelKhalek
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics
author
text
article
2018
eng
Escherichia coli (E.coli) continue to be one of the major causes of food poisoning in the world. Different methods have been developed in order to reduce the time for the evaluation of the E.coli vaccines. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious viral disease of poultry causes economic losses. Control of IB virus has been attempted using live attenuated and inactivated vaccines. Due to the continuous emergence of E.coli and infections bronchitis, it was important to find a rapid accurate method of evaluation of the used live attenuated E.coli and IB vaccines. In this study, three assays, namely a conventional identification methods including; Specific Pathogen Free eggs (SPF) eggs inoculation for IB vaccine and culture method for E.coli vaccine, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and SYBR Green I Real-Time PCR method were developed and evaluated on 10 fold serial dilutions of each vaccine. A comparative analysis of these three assays was then performed, and the results indicated that the SYBR Green I Real-Time PCR had the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
57
66
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95976_84d7020cc48ce1f40208278ab5543176.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95976
Clinicopathological Study of Phytobiotics
Nourhan
M. Eraky
Biochemistry, Toxicology and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Benha-Branch. Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
author
Khaled
M. Fararh
Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ayman
S. Farid
Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ali
Ali
Biochemistry, Toxicology and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Benha-Branch. Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study was carried out to illustrate the effects of phytobiotics (Orego-stim®, promazine plus®) in prevention of coccidiosis in poultry farms and also to examine these effects on some blood biochemical, haematological and immunological parameters in broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty, one-day old Cobb chicks were used. They were divided into six equal groups, 25 birds each. The 1st group was non-infected non-treated group. The 2nd group was non-infected, treated with promazen- plus (1ml/Liter drinking water/100 birds (0-14 day), 3 ml/Liter drinking water/100 birds (15-28 day) and 5 ml/Liter drinking water /100 birds (29-42 day). The 3rd group was non-infected, treated with orego-stim (0.3 ml/Liter drinking water). The other groups were inoculated intra-crop with 1x105 infective oocysts of field strain of Eimeria spp. on the 8th day of age. The 4th group was infected non-treated. The 5th group was promazen- plus (the same dose of group 2). The 6th group treated with orego-stim (the same dose of group 3). Birds received phytobiotics showed better anticoccidial effect, improvement in immunological parameters with good effects on some blood biochemical and haematological parameters were resulted. Phytobiotics can be considered as an ideal growth promoter, highly effective anticoccidial, and immunostimulant agents.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
67
78
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95981_bafc938a3fff336160c7331b176b276d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95981
Occurrence of enterobacteriaceae in fresh camel meat with special reference to salmonellae
Saad
Saad
Food Hygiene Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Nahla
Abou-Elroos
Animal Health Research Institute-Shibin El Koom branch.
author
Ibrahim
Abou Elghar
Veterinary Medicine Directorate –El Menofia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Eighty random samples of freshly slaughtered camel meat were collected from 4 different abattoirs namely (A) El-shohdaa, (B) El-Bagour, (C) Menouf and (D) Sadat (20 of each) located in Menofia governorate. and subjected to bacteriological examination .The obtained results declared that the mean Enterobacteriaceae counts in examined meat camel samples were recorded descendingly in different abattoirs as in B (9.77 × 107 3.44× 107 )then in D ( 7.86 × 107 4.91 × 107 ) then in A (7.50 × 107 4.08 × 107 ) then in C (1.40 × 107 6.54 × 107 ). Incidence and serotyping of E.coli isolated from the examined samples of camel meat from the different abattoirs were (O19:H21, O44:H18 ,O86, O111:H4,O114:H4,O124,O127:H6,O121:H7,O171:H2) with ratio (5 ,0 ,5 ,0 ,5 ,5 , 0 , 0, 0, 0) , (10 , 0, 0, 5 ,0 ,5 ,5 ,5 ,0) , ( 5 ,10 ,0 ,0 ,5 ,5 ,0 ,0 ,0) and (5, 10, 0 ,0 ,5 ,5 ,0 ,0 ,0) in A , B, C and D abattoirs, respectively . Salmonellae isolated from the examined samples of camel meat from the different abattoirs were S.Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Virchow, Heidberg ,Kentucky and Infantis with ratio (5% ,10% ,0% .0%,5% ,5% ),(5% ,5% ,0% ,0% ,0% ,0%),(10% ,10% ,5% ,5% ,5% ,0%) and (5%,5%,0%,0%,5%,5%) in A , B,C and D abattoirs , respectively.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
79
95
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95985_5930eab5eef01f9305378d2e9aa95e7c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95985
Virulence and resistant genes detection of Staphylococcus aureus associated with arthritis in chickens
Ashraf
Abd El- Tawab
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Khalid I.
Alekhnawy
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
author
Asmaa
Talaie
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was planned for bacteriological examination of S.aureus associated with arthritis in chickens and characterization the molecular bases of virulence and antimicrobial resistance of isolated strains .In this study a total of 100 chickens (15 – 70 days) with arthritis symptoms, were collected from different chicken farms, swabs were taken from affected hock joints and cultivated on(Brain Heart Infusion broth, Baired Parker media and Manitol Salt agar media) for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus).The results revealed that 19 (19%) samples were positive for S.aureus isolation. Multiple antibiotic-resistant were observed in all S.aureus isolates, with the majority of isolates displaying resistance to erythromycin, amoxicillin and cefoxitin with a percent 52.6%,78.9% and 57.8% respectively. Detection of (mphC ,blaZ and mecA) resistant genes demonestrated that (20%) were positive for mphC gene ,(100%) positive for blaZ gene and (40%) positive for mecA gene. Amplification of (clfA, spa, coa and icaA) virulance genes of Staphylococcus aureus by using PCR showed (100%) detection of clfA, spa and coa genes in all tested strains, while (40%) only of tested strains were positive for icaA virulence gene. It could be concluded that S.aureus is one of the most important pathogenic organisms associated with chicken arthritis in Egypt, Studying of virulence and resistance genes is very important to know the danger and severity of the present microorganisms.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
96
106
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95986_e1ee6847d18538e47c2001e447f442f7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95986
Interaction of some plant extracts with some antibiotics against E.coli from chickens
Ashraf
Abd El- Tawab
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
Ammar
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
Hamouda
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch.
author
Salma
S. El-Deen
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Multidrug-resistant bacterial strains are becoming a serious problem, therefore, application of newer antimicrobial agents, as the plant extracts as a natural antimicrobial source combined with antibiotics as tried to overcome this problem. In-vitro methods as the Decimal Assay for Additivity (DAA) is being applied to define the end point for additivity, as the interactions are known on a mechanistic basis to be either additive or synergistic or antagonistic. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of five plant extracts prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted methanol extract (UAE) namely Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary), Origanum majorana L. (Marjoram), Mentha spicata L.(Mint), Anethum graveolens L.(Dill) and Azardirachta indica L.(Neem);combined with antibiotics like amoxicillin, doxycycline, gentamycin and difloxacin against 120 isolates from poultry, among them 79 isolates were belonging to E.coli by using agar diffusion method. The mean zones of inhibition (mm) of methanol plant extracts and antibiotics were determined at different concentrations; also the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extracts or the antibiotics or combination between them was determined by the twofold dilution method; while the antimicrobial activities were assessed by using disc diffusion method.Total phenolic content (TPC) of plant extracts was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method.Also the antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Results revealed synergistic effects appear in rosemary with amoxicillin by ratio (7:3),(6:4) and gentamicin by ratio (7:3),(6:4) and difloxacin with ratio (7:3),(6:4),(5:5) while Dill and amoxicillin by ratio (7:3) and gentamicin by ratio (7:3),(6:4),(5:5) and Peppermint with doxycycline only with (7:3),(6:4),(5:5).
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
107
119
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95989_bdc836598056ff7b2fb08ed2be203e92.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95989
Interaction of some plant extracts with some antibiotics against Listeria monocytogenes from rabbits
Ashraf
A. Abd El- Tawab
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
A. Ammar
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
M. Hamouda
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch.
author
Safinaz
A. M.Elhawary
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Multidrug-resistant bacteria strains is becoming a serious problem, so new technology applied plant extract as a natural antimicrobial source combined with antibiotics to overcome this problem by using new method as the Decimal Assay for Additivity (DAA) to define the end point for additivity as the interactions could be respectively defined as synergism or antagonism. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of five plant extracts prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted methanol extract (UAE) as zingeber officinalis (Ginger), camellia sinensis (Green tea), curcuma longa (Turmeric), pelargonium graveolens (Geranium) and thymus vulgaris (Thyme) combined with antibiotics like amoxicillin, doxycycline , gentamicin and difloxacin against 90 samples from dead and diseased rabbits with (10) isolates belonging to one Gram positive field strain of Listeria monocytogen by using agar diffusion method. The mean zone of inhibition (IZ) of methanol plant extracts and antimicrobial agents determined at different concentrations, Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (the lowest concentration which prevent visible growth of the bacteria) was determined for the tested plant extracts and the used antibiotics and for combination between them by the twofold dilution method, as the antimicrobial activities were assessed by using disc diffusion method. Total phenolic content (TPC) of plant extracts was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, also the antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by the (DPPH) assay. Results revealed synergistic effects appear in thyme with amoxicillin by ratio (6:4),(5:5) while green tea with amoxicillin by ratio (7:3),(6:4) and gentamicin by ratio (6:4) finally turmeric with doxycyclin by ratio (5:5) , with gentamicin with (6:4) ,while with difloxacin by ratio(6:4), (5:5)
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
120
133
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95992_8915131d5b9fb995680f41b29ead2de2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95992
Effect of Egg White Hydrolysates on Shelf Life of Soft Cheese
Eman
A. Nafei
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Hend
A. Elbarbary
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Adham
M. Abdou
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Hamdi
A. Mohamed
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The aim of work is to evaluate antibacterial activities of egg white hydrolysates against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilus. Also, the effect of the highest antibacterial hydrolysate on shelf life of soft cheese was evaluated. The Egg white hydrolysis was conducted in 1 mol/l HCl solution (pH 1.5 ,2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5) at temperature of 37°C for 48hours using pepsin enzyme (2% enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio). Results revealed that raw egg hydrolysate (REWH) hydrolyzed at pH 1.5 after 12hours was the most potent antibacterial hydrolysate. This hydrolysate extended the shelf life of soft cheese to 28 days. In addition, this hydrolysate showed a significant inhibitory effect on total bacterial count and yeast & mold count. Escherichia coli was the most sensitive organism to this hydrolysate. Accordingly, REWH obtained at pH 1.5 is considered as the most efficient natural preservative to be applied in food system.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
134
141
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95995_dac73564a7994df580cf1d6e703f924c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95995
Separation the Potent Antibacterial Peptides from Hydrolyzed Hen Egg Lysozyme
Dina,
A. Awad
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Hamdi,
A. Mohammed
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Adham, M.
Abdou
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Sobhy, A.
El Sohaimy
Food Technology ARID Land Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technology Application- Borg Elarb-Alexanderia.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Due to dietary proteins exert many functionalities by means of biologically active peptides which are inactive within their parent proteins. So out target was to separate these biological active peptides from their parent proteins using a simple cheap method for fractionation like ammonium sulfate precipitation after enzymatic hydrolysis. Egg is a natural food which provides numerous nutritional and biologically active substances. Egg white is the richest natural source of proteins. In our study we make hydrolysis for hen egg white lysozyme using peptic digestion then the hydrolysates were separated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and determine the antibacterial activity of the separated peptides against different bacterial strains comparing with native lysozyme using liquid broth with studying the molecular structure by using electrophoresis. Our results declared that, the fraction 2% was the most potent antibacterial activity then followed by LzP3. On the other hand, fraction 4% was similar in the antibacterial activity with native lysozyme. Electrophoresis showed similar molecular structure between fraction 4% and native lysozyme and between LzP3 and fraction 4% but with high intensity for the low molecular weight peptides which was responsible for the potent antibacterial activity. On conclusion, low molecular weight peptides produced from lysozyme hydrolysates with strong antibacterial activity can be applied for food biopreservation or for therapeutic uses in the future.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
142
149
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95996_4cc96131737f06b6eeb515ff9863a5db.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.95996
Potent Antibacterial Peptides from Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Hen Egg White Lysozyme
Dina, A.
Awad
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Hamdi, A.
Mohammed
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Adham, M.
Abdou
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Sobhy, A.
El Sohaimy
Food Technology ARID Land Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technology Application- Borg Elarb-Alexanderia.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Egg white is considered as a rich source of high quality proteins with various bioactive peptides. It considers the richest source of lysozyme which is a bacteriolytic enzyme. Our target was to produce potent peptides with cheap and simple method from lysozyme as a natural food preservative for further application in food. Lysozyme is mostly active against Gram positive bacteria than Gram negative bacteria. Various strategies have been used to increase antimicrobial activity of lysozyme against Gram-negative bacteria. Enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins can be used to release bioactive fractions using different enzymes to release bioactive fractions. Due to increasing demand for natural food preservatives, lysozyme has become increasingly important in food processing. Therefore, there is a need to develop an efficient and simple methodology for increasing its activity. So this research study the activity of lysozyme hydrolysates under different pH values using pepsin then determine the antibacterial using liquid broth method and determine the lytic activity. We found that lysozyme hydrolysates under pH 3.0 LzP3 gave the most antibacterial active peptide against Gram negative bacteria with more potency against Gram positive bacteria. On conclusion LzP3 contains bioactive peptides that can be applied for safety food biopreservation.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
150
156
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96127_2a210b58844eb991cb4677bd0a27541d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96127
Effects of chitosan on quality attributes fresh meat slices stored at 40C
F. A.
Shaltout
Food Hygiene Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
E.M
EL-diasty
Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza.
author
M. S. M
Mohamed
Animal Health Research, Marsa Matrouh branch.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural substances as chitosan, thyme oil, lactic acid and acetic acid on microbial, chemical and sensorial quality of fresh meat slices during 18day of storage at 40C and periodically analysed for total mould counts, pH, surface colour (Hunter L*, a* and b* values), 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and Total Volatile Nitrogen were measured on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 day of storage. The obtained results showed that addition of tested antifungal and antioxidants, individually, affected colour, lipid stability and sensory attributes of the meat slices compared to control during storage. Chitosan (1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 % w/v) showed the most intense red colour than other tested antifungal and antioxidants (thyme essential oil, lactic acid and acetic acid) when compared to the control. Also, the results showed that the initial total count (day 0) value for the fresh meat slices was 1x106 CFU /g, then decrease gradually until 9 day not detected any colony by using chitosan 1.5%. While in treated samples with thyme oil 1.5% and lactic acid 1.5% ,the total mould values was 5.6x105 ±5.5x103 CFU /g at 15 days and 9.4x105 ±3.9x103 CFU /g at 12 days. Based on the results obtained in this study, the application of natural substances as chitosan, thyme oil, lactic acid and acetic acid were effective in preserving quality of fresh meat slices and is recommended in meat products.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
157
168
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96129_fa7b03ffbda8522fb6f47202525f78de.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96129
Detection of Some Heavy Metals in Fresh and Salted Fish
Amina
Elrais
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Faten
Hassanien
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
M.A
Hassan
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
H.M.
Latif
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Dina
El-Zahaby
Meat hygiene, animal research institute Shebien El-kom Branch.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Eighty random samples of fresh and salted fish represented by fresh Sardine and salted Sardine & fresh Mugil cephalus and salted Mugil cephalus (20 of each) were collected from various fish markets in Menoufia governorate, Egypt. The collected samples were examined for determination of their mercury and lead levels on the basis of wet weight (mg/kg). The mean values of mercury level in the examined samples were 0.98 ± 0.07 & 1.26 ± 0.13 for fresh and salted sardine fish and 0.69 ± 0.04 &1.59 ± 0.16 for fresh and salted Mugil cephalus, respectively. Accurately 50%, 65%, 40%, 80% of the examined samples of fresh sardine, salted sardine, fresh Mugil cephalus and salted Mugil cephalus were unaccepted according to E.O.S. The mean value for the lead levels mg/kg in the examined samples were 0.32 ± 0.03 & 0.49 ± 0.05 for fresh & salted sardine and 0.26 ± 0.02 & 0.65 ± 0.08 for fresh and salted Mugil cephalus, respectively. Accurately 35%, 45%, 30%, 65% of the examined samples of fresh & salted Sardine and fresh & salted Mugil cephalus were unaccepted according to E.O.S.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
169
177
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96131_1b99222662408a1333f7a336292e2379.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96131
Assessment of some side effects of methotrexate
S.A
Abdel-Aziz
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
author
A. A
Said
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
author
Suhair
A. Abd El-La
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
author
Nermin
A. Helmy
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was undertaken to study the immunotoxic effects of methotrexate (MTX) in male rats. This was done through estimating some interleukines IL-11β, IL-6 and some immunological parameters as SOD, GSH, IgG, IgM, catalase, total Proteins and its fractions, some liver function parameters were also studied including serum AST, ALT, GGT activities and malondialdehyde. In this experimental study, thirty mature male albino rats weighing from 170-180 gm., aging 4-5 months age were used. Animals were classified randomly into 3 parallel groups as following:The1st group: rats were given distilled water (1 ml) orally daily for 7 weeks and kept as control group, the 2nd group: rats were given MTX (0.1 mg/100 gm. body weight weekly I.P. for 7 weeks and the 3rd group: rats were given MTX (0.2 mg/100 gm. body weight weekly I.P. for 7 weeks. At the end of the study, 7 weeks post drug administration, all rats from each group were sacrificed and blood samples were collected into centrifuge tubes for separation of serum for determination of the above mentioned parameters. Methotrexate induced a significant increase in serum activities of AST, ALT, GGT, MDA, IL-6 and IL-1β and a significant decrease in serum activities of SOD, GSH and IgG and IgM as well as serum total protein, albumin and globulins when compared was normal control group. In all studies the effects were dose dependent. Thus patients treated with MTX should be supplemented with antioxidants, hepatoprotectives and immunostimulants to avoid its adverse effects.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
178
187
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96132_aec68937238d57f824534b7222c892cf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96132
Evaluation of nitrite and sodium chloride in some locally manufactured meat products
M.S
Saad
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M.A
Hassan
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
Reham
A. Amin
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M.A.
El- Shater
Animal Health Research. Institute, Dokki- Giza.
author
M.S
Shanab
Animal Health Research. Institute, Dokki- Giza.
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study is for detection of some food additives used on manufacturing of some meat products as nitrite and sodium chloride. A total of 150 random samples of locally manufactured meat products represented by beef burger, Kofta, frankfurter, sausage and luncheon (30 of each) were collected from different markets, Egypt. The collected samples of beef burger, kofta, frankfurter and sausage were frozen and the weight of each unit was 340 g. while, the luncheon samples were collected as slices (250g). Each sample was kept in a separate plastic bag and preserved in an ice box then transferred to the laboratory without delay. The collected samples were examined to determine nitrite and sodium chloride contents. The mean values of nitrite in beef burger, kofta, frankfurter, sausage and luncheon were 46.75 ± 2.33, 52.18 ±2.64, 59.29±3.10, 67.73±3.48 and 79.40±3.52, respectively. Moreover the the mean values of Sodium chloride (%) in beef burger, kofta, frankfurter, sausage and luncheon were 1.91± 0.28 , 2.89±0.41 , 2.75±0.32 , 3.07±0.37 and 3.30±0.39,respectively.The current study revealed the acceptable and non-acceptable meat products exposed to illegal amounts of nitrite and Sodium chloride according to ES (2005).
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
188
194
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96135_db8be108cb039ecf2ba7f3a2e415cc69.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96135
Detection of starch and hydroxyproline content in some meat products
M.S
Saad
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M.A
Hassan
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
Reham
A. Amin
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M.A
El- Shater,
Animal Health Research. Institute, Dokki- Giza
author
M.S.
Shanab
Animal Health Research. Institute, Dokki- Giza
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study is for detection some food additives used on manufacturing of some meat products as starch and hydroxyproline. A total of 150 random samples of locally manufactured meat products represented by beef burger, Kofta, Frankfurter, Sausage and Luncheon (30 of each) were collected from different markets in Egypt governorates. The collected samples of beef burger, kofta, frankfurter and sausage were frozen and the weight of each unit was 340 g. while, the luncheon samples were collected as slices (250gm). Each sample was kept in a separate plastic bag and preserved in an ice box then transferred to the laboratory without undue delay. The collected samples were subjected to chemical examination for evaluation of starch content and Hydroxyproline content (%). The mean values of starch content (%) in Beef burger, Kofta, Frankfurter, Sausage and Luncheon were 4.47±0.19, 4.81±0.25, 4.03±0.17, 5.10±0.32 and 5.54±0.36, respectively. Moreover the mean values of Hydroxyproline (%) in Beef burger, Kofta, Frankfurter, Sausage and Luncheon were 0.387 ±0.029, 0.412±0.036, 0.393±0.032, 0.478±0.042 and 0.440±0.039, respectively. The current study revealed that many of meat products under examination were not acceptable to the limits standardized by EOS (2005).
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
195
201
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96137_d7354504155d1945618ce1d84eea153b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96137
Demonstration of oxytetracycline residues in cattle meat and offal
Hemmat
Ibrahim,
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M.A.
Hassan
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
Manar
Gouda
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Accurately, ninty samples of meat, liver and kidneys were collected from abattoirs from different places in Qalyobia and Gharbia governorates for detection of their oxytetracycline residues by using HPLC and various cooking methods (boiling, frying and grilling) were applied on beef and offal for detection and study the effect of heat treatment on such antibiotic residue levels. The obtained results indicated that oxytetracycline residues were detected in 23.33%, 33.33% and 40% of the examined samples of beef, liver and kidneys, respectively and the level of OTC residues (µg/kg) in the examined samples of meat, liver and kidneys ranged from 26.8 to 346.5 with mean value of 151.79 ± 11.64, from 58.1 to 1921.4 with mean value of 822.56 ± 37.36 and from 72.3 to 3118.9 with mean value of 1457 ± 42.81, respectively. Accurately, 90%, 80% and 76.67% of examined samples of beef, liver and kidneys, respectively were accepted. This accordance to MRL of OTC (200µg/kg for meat , 600 µg/kg for liver and 1200 µg/kg for kidneys) which stipulated by US code of federal regulations (2003), FAO/WHO (2004), Egyptian Organization of Standardization and Quality Control “EOSQC” No. 3692 (2008). The effect of different cooking methods (boiling, frying and grilling) on oxytetracycline (OTC) residues in beef and offal samples revealed that before boiling, frying and grilling the concentration of OTC residues in cattle meat were 26.8 ug/kg, 195.2 ug/kg and 346.5 ug/kg. After boiling, the concentrations of OTC residues were 0 ug/kg, 12.4 ug/kg and 198.9 ug/kg and the reduction % was 100%, 93.7%and 42.6%, respectively. After frying, the concentrations of OTC residues were 0 ug/kg, 0 ug/kg and 57.1 ug/kg and the reduction % was 100%, 100% and 83.5%, respectively. After grilling, the concentration of OTC residues were 0, 0 and 26.8 ug/kg and reduction% was 100%, 100% and 92.3%, respectively.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
202
208
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96141_a95b4ad23d20336e27ff9dd7a837910f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96141
Metabolic effects of Lactuca sativa extract on experimentally induced Ehrlich ascites carcinoma
H. A
Abdelmaksoud
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
M. K
Mahfouz
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Omnia
M. Abd-elhamid
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
I. E. Awadin
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Nancy
M. H. Salaam
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study aimed to determine the effect of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) extract on alleviating Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in female mice. EAC was induced by injection of 0.2 ml of (2.5×106 tumor cells with single cells suspension) in the medial aspect of the right thigh of female albino mice, a mixture of L. sativa extract powder was supplemented at doses of (100 and 200 gm/10 kg normal ration), respectively, from the first day of experiment for 21 days. The obtained results indicated that feeding on Lettuce extract powder significant increased serum glucose, albumin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) towards the normal levels. meanwhile, significant decreases triacylglycerols (Tg), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations, as well as the activity of liver enzymes involving alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP); in addition to a significant decreasing of the tumor size were observed in EAC- L, sativa extract powder supplemented mice when compared to EAC-cells bearing mice. From the obtained results it could be concluded that lettuce extract is a natural, cheap, less toxic vegetable with great potential therapeutic effect against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and other complications resulted from malignant tumors.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
209
218
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96290_11ee8b891f31649ae42f9dd7ba108215.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96290
In vivo cloning of plasmids in E. coli is a simpler and faster method for cloning
Ahmed
Osama
Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Mohamed
Attia
Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Hatem
Bahgat
Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Ahmed
Kassab
Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Masatake
Osawa
Laboratory of Molecular design and Synthesis, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Applied Medical Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
author
Md
Nojebuzzaman
Laboratory of Molecular design and Synthesis, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Applied Medical Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
author
text
article
2018
eng
DNA assembly sequences into plasmids is one of the most important basic technologies for bioscience research and metabolic engineering. There are many of molecular cloning techniques have been developed and these techniques that need specialized expensive reagents or laborious experimental procedure. For that reason, a significant amount of effort has been dedicated to developing better DNA assembly methods with higher efficiency and fidelity as well as simpler and faster protocols. Here, we compared between conventional, in vivo and in vitro DNA assembly methods and their recent applications, we also highlight the optimum protocol for in vivo cloning of DNA assembly methods. The present study concluded that vector construction can be carried out simply by simply placing a DNA fragment having a homologous sequence and directly transformed into E. coli and this method gives great help in improving efficiency of molecular biological research.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
219
230
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96293_d4ca9012b39d4d55c5a4ca0791816062.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96293
Ameliorative Effects of Lycopene against Boldenone Undecylenate Toxicity in Albino Rats
H.M
Sabra
Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
R.M.,
El-Shawarby
Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
Abosalem
M.
Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
Nabila
M. A
Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
S.S.
Ibrahim
Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Although anabolic androgenic steroids like boldenone (BOL) may increase lean muscle mass, strength, and the ability to train longer and harder, the serious side effects of steroid are many and may not be reversible. So, the present study was designed to investigate the role of lycopene in improving the oxidative stress of boldenone in male albino rats. Twenty eight male adult rats were equally divided into four groups.1st group (control) that received olive oil once a week (5 mg/kg intramuscularly). 2nd group includes rats received lycopene daily (orally, 60mg/kg body weight). 3rd group includes animals that received intramuscular injections of boldenone once a week (5 mg/Kg body weight). 4th group was co-treated with boldenone and lycopene with the same previous doses of both, the experiment extended for 5 weeks. Intramuscular injection of rats with caused significant increase in total weight gain (TWG), serum total protein and globulin, malandialdehyde (MDA), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase (CK), total protein in skeletal muscle, when compared with the control group. On the other hand, a significant decrease in albumin, Albumin/Globulin (A\G) ratio and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in boldenone group when compared with the control group. Also, the result of rats administered lycopene plus Boldenone (group4) showed marked improvement in all tested parameters, these findings may be attributed to that Lycopene has an effect on regulation of intracellular gap- junction communication, genes function regulation, modulation of various metabolic pathways of xenobiotic, hormone and immune modulation. These findings suggested that misuse of boldenone may contribute to a continuous tissue damage, so young people -especially- should be careful if they want to use boldenone to enhance their strength and endurance or if they want to use it in the farm animal as growth promoter. This showed that the desired dose of boldenone can safely be used with lycopene in improving the oxidative stress of boldenone.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
237
249
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96298_4559ae8916165e475b5aa7f4cd169ef9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96298
Aflatoxins B1 and B2 residues in Edible Offals
H.M
Ibrahim
Department of Food Hygiene. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
M. A
Hassan
Department of Food Hygiene. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
G. S.
Elsharkawy
Department of Food Hygiene. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University.
author
text
article
2018
eng
In kalyobia governoratea total of 90 random samples of chicken giblets represented by liver, gizzard and heart (30 of each) were purchased from different poultry shops for determination of their concentrations of serious aflatoxins and their validity for human consumption. The obtained results revealed that aflatoxins B1 was detected in liver, gizzard and heart samples at 26.67, 23.33 and 10 % respectively with mean concentration of 27.03 ± 3.65 µg/kg, 18.54 ± 3.65 µg/kg and 7.98 ± 1.10 µg/kg of AFB1, respectively. AFB2 was detected in liver, gizzard and heart samples at 20, 13.33 and 6.67 % with mean concentration of 13.62 ± 1.94 µg/kg, 9.94 ± 1.25 µg/kg and 4.79 ± 0.81 µg/kg of AFB2, respectively, with high significant differences between examined giblets. Liver samples showed the highest levels of AFB1and AFB2, followed by gizzard samples, while the heart samples recorded the lower levels in comparison with previous two giblets.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
250
256
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96299_1d6cebaa5c0c848074e08a55c01bc493.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96299
Evaluation of the Quality of the Minced Meat in Egyptian Markets
M.S
Saad
Food Hygiene and Control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha univ.
author
M.A
Hassan
Food Hygiene and Control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha univ.
author
l M. N
Zaghlou
Meat hygiene, animal research institute Banha Branch.
author
N. F
Elgnainy
Veterinary practitioner.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the quality of minced meat (fresh – frozen) in Egyptian markets. A total of 90 minced meat samples (45 fresh – 45 frozen) were collected from butchers and retailed supermarkets shops in different locations in Egypt.All collected samples were transferred directly to the laboratory in an ice box under complete aseptic conditions without any delay and then subjected to bacteriological examination to evaluate the quality of minced meat based on their contamination with coliform and staphylococcus spp. The obtained results indicated that the mean value of staphylococcal count and coliform count of the examined fresh minced meat samples were 26.0 ± 2.2× 102 cfu/g and 19.0 ± 0.8 × 103 cfu/g, respectively, while of the frozen minced meat samples were 8.8 ± 0.7×102 cfu/g, and 14.8 ± 0.5 ×103 cfu/g respectively. 100 % of the examined fresh minced meat samples (45 samples) were unaccepted samples and 33.3% of the examined samples identified as Staph. Aureus and 28.9 % of the examined frozen minced meat samples (13 samples) were unaccepted samples and 23.1% identified as Staph. Aureus according to EOS 1694 / 2005 (102 cfu/g). Accepted samples based on their coliforms count were 68.8 % and 88.8 % for fresh and frozen samples , respectively according to EOS (1694/ 2005). These results indicated that the microbiological quality of retailed minced meat samples were unsatisfactory, and have health hazards for consumers as it may be lead to food poisoning.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
257
268
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96300_d425ae52a73101b9816d46f476c2ae94.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96300
Screening for Antimicrobial Resistance in some Pathogens isolated from Cold Smoked Fish Marketed in Menofiya Government
F.S.
Hassanen
Food hygiene Dept. , Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University.
author
I.I
Sabike
Food hygiene Dept. , Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University.
author
G. I
Haikel
Animal Health Research Institute Tanta lab.
author
E. A
Elged
Veterinarian
author
text
article
2018
eng
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Salmonella species, E. coli and listeria species were isolated conventionally from ninety cold smoked fish (Herring, Clupea), from souk and markets in Menofiya province, Egypt. The Coliform Count was significantly higher (P <0 .05) in souk than markets with mean counts of 4.07± 0.23 and 3.13± 0.40 Log CFU/gm. The overall prevalence of Salmonella sp. was 2.2% (2/90), and all of them were detected from a souk samples, while E. coli isolates were 13.3% (12/90), but, Listeria spp. failed to be detected in tested samples. Conventionally, Salmonella spp. were phenotypically resistant to three, Cefozon, E-Moxclave, and Clindamycin, of 8 commonly used antibiotics in Egypt. Whilst, E.coli strain showed resistance to Cefozon, Gentamicin, Cefotaxime, Doxycycline, E-Moxclave, and Clindamycin. A multi-resistance was observed in one Salmonella strain, and in 83.3% (5/6) of tested E. coli strain. Further, the molecular results showed that all isolated salmonella (n=2) and E. coli (n=6) strains contained the beta-lactam resistance genes, blaTEM detected in the 8 isolates (100%). On the other hand, one of two salmonella isolates and two of six E. coli strain were positive for erm(B) (erythromycin ribosome methylase) genes. This study may be the first report on antimicrobial resistant Salmonella species, Escherichia coli and listeria species in cold smoked fish (Herring, Clupea) marketed in Egypt.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
269
283
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96302_78ead839a195f0704215b619bd2cf8fb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96302
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Some Bacterial Isolates (Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Oxytoca ) From Chickens
A.A.
Abd El-Tawab
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
author
A.O.
Selim
Animal Health Research, Benha branch .
author
A.M
Soliman
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was performed on a total of 104 recently dead chickens from Gharbia Governorate that inspected for Enterobacteriaceae from internal organs after clinical and postmortem examination. The results revealed that 95 samples were positive, Escherichia coli (53), where Salmonella.spp. (31), Citrobacter freundii (14), Enterobacter cloacae (6), Klebsiella oxytoca (5), Proteus vulgaris (4) , Acinetobacter lowoffii , Edwardsiella tarda respectively, and Enterobacter gergoviae, Enterobacter pantoe (2) respectively. Amikacin and gentamicin were the highest efficiency antimicrobial agents used in vitro with variation in sensitivity to others except Proteus vulgaris was resist to all. Seven E.coli isolates were serotyped and identified as O1, O6, O125 and O146. PCR results for E.coli showed that tsp < /em>E4c2 and yjaA pathotypic genes( at 152 bp and 211 bp) were detected in all, but only O125 and O146 have chuA gene ( at 279 bp). While hlyA (at 450 bp) was detected in O6, eaeA (at 248bp) and stx1(at 614 bp) gene was detected in 1 strain of (O125), iss gene (at 323 bp) was detected in another isolate of O125 and stx2 (at 779 bp) was absent in all. All that indicate that E. coli strains isolated were extra-intestinal pathogenic strains. PCR results for 5studied K. oxytoca strains showed that all of them leak iroN ,but all have pehX gene.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
284
302
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96307_fc71c177564ef0c08fb1ff61bcdc0a3d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96307
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Impact of Ginger Extract Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats
H
Abd El Fadil
Pharmacology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
N
Edress
Pharmacology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
N
Khorshid
Pharmacology Dept., Fac. Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
N
Amin
Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The study was designed to assess the antioxidant and the hepatoprotective impact of ginger against paracetamol-induced liver damage in male albino rats. Rats were partitioned into six equal groups (n = 5). Control group rats were given normal saline (1 ml/kg b.wt) for 15 days orally by stomach tube. Silymarin group rats were orally adminstered silymarin (200 mg/kg b.wt) by stomach tube for 15 days. Ginger group rats were received ginger extract (200 mg/kg b.wt) orally by stomach tube for 15 days. Paracetamol group rats were given paracetamol orally (500 mg/kg b.wt) by stomach tube for the last five days of the experiment. Silymarin + paracetamol group rats orally pretreated with silymarin for ten days followed by silymarin with paracetamol simultaneously for the last five days and lastly ginger + paracetamol group rats orally received ginger for ten days followed by ginger simultaneously with paracetamol for the last five days. On the 16th day of investigation, the animals sacrificed, serum and liver tissues were preserved for measuring the activities of liver enzymes, beside the levels of total bilirubin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and hepatic oxidant/antioxidant status. The liver injury initiated by paracetamol manifested by significant increase in liver marker enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) also it produced a significant increase in serum total bilirubin, TNF-α level and LDH enzyme activity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly increased in liver tissue of rats received paracetamol, while the concentration of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly decreased. The alteration in all previous parameters was modified by pretreatment with silymarin and ginger. Histopathological examination of liver induced disturbed liver functions in paracetamol treated rats but restored to nearly normal picture by pretreatment with silymarin and ginger. The findings proved that the administration of ginger improved the hepatotoxic effect of paracetamol in rats.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
303
316
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96312_15b90da6bb9a1dd35814b167d735d109.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96312
Teratogenic Effect of Meloxicam on Pregnant Rats: Implication of Organogenesis Period
A.A
Elkomy
Pharmacology Department , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Banha University, Egypt
author
Mohammed. S.
Abo Salem
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Banha University, Egypt
author
Asmaa M.
Kandeil
National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
author
A.
Hassan
National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
author
A.A
Elhemiely
National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study was carried out to detect the risk of meloxicam use on fetuses. It was given to pregnant rats orally by dose1.35 and 2.70 mg/kg b.wt, from 6th day until the 15th day of gestation daily. At 20th day of gestation female sacrified; morphological, visceral, skeletal, biochemical and histopathological studies were carried out to evaluate its harmful effect. Meloxicam increased abortion rate and fetal resorptions as well as growth retardation and external malformations as hematoma and paralysis of limbs. Visceral examination showed defects in internal organs. Weak and incomplete ossification in axial and appendicular system were observed by skeletal examination. Drug caused increased level of MDA meanwhile reduction of glutathione reduced in liver tissue of fetuses. The histopathological examination revealed presence of marked degenerative changes in liver and kidney of fetuses. This study support and proof the potential risks of the Meloxicam administration on fetuses.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
317
327
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96315_c84bd0ee411cf163cab2166246383c5a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96315
Avocado Oil Attenuates Diethylnitrosamine Induced-Hepatic Carcinogenesis
O.A.R
Abozaid
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
S.A.H.
Aziza
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
F. S.M
Moawed
Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
S.G
Kasseb
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of avocado oil against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) – induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups. Group (1) was negative control. Groups (2) and (4) were orally administrated diethylnitrosamine for induction of hepatocellular carcinoma then group (2) was left untreated; group 4 was treated orally with avocado oil before DEN administration. Group (3) was orally treated with avocado oil only. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was assayed using ELISA technique. The untreated cancer group showed significant elevation in the liver function (ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin) and tumor marker AFP. Histopathological investigation of liver tissue sections in cancer group revealed dysplasia. In contrast, the treated groups showed significant depletion in the liver function and AFP and significant decrease in the liver function (ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin). Interestingly, treatment with avocado oil showed marked improvement in the histological feature of liver tissue. It is concluded that this study indicated the promising therapeutic potential of avocado oil against DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Further studies are required to evaluate the possible mechanism at the molecular level.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
344
353
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96425_eb5a902b2e711b9b67394c189368fe6f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96425
A Study on The Teratogenic Effect of Spiramycin in Albino Rats.
A.A.A
El-Komy
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary medicine,Benha University.
author
Amany
Abd-El-Baky
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary medicine,Benha University.
author
Heba
Abo-el-Ezz,
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary medicine,Benha University.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Drugs or medicinal agents should only be used in pregnancy if there is proven benefit to the mother and no potential teratogenic risks. The present study was performed to evaluate the teratogenic effect of spiramycin in albino rats. The pregnant rats were divided into three groups, group (1) behaved as control received normal saline from 6th to 15h day of pregnancy. Group (2) received 150 mg/kg b.wt of spiramycin orally daily from 6th to 15th day of pregnancy. Group (3) received 300 mg/kg b.wt. of spiramycin orally daily from 6th to 15th day of pregnancy There is no death or abortions. Treated groups showed significant decrease in weight, length and retarded growth in fetuses. Fetal resorption significantly increased. The incidences of skeletal and visceral abnormalities were increased in treated groups.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
354
363
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96428_f681bb4debb9220911c27173ecde4406.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96428
Prevalence of Staphylococci in Meat Products with Special Reference to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) at Kaliobia Governorate
A.M.
Edris
Food Control Department (Meat Hygiene), Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
author
A.A.A.
Maarouf
Animal Health Research "Benha branch".
author
R.A.E
Amin
Food Control Department (Meat Hygiene), Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
author
E.A.I.
Bahbah
Vet. at GlaxoSmithKline.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The study was carried out on 120 random samples of meat products viz: Minced meat; beef kofta; sausage and beef burger (30 for each) collected from different supermarkets at Kaliobia Governorate to determine their contamination with certain bacteria, specially S. aureus and MRSA. The bacteriological examination of examined meat samples revealed that, the mean value of S. aureus counts in minced meat beef kofta, sausage and beef burger samples were 1.58×102±0.10 ×102; 1.41×102 ±0.09×102; 1 0.95×102±0.16×102 and 0.83×102±0.22×102, respectively. A total of 70 (58.3%) isolates of Staphylococcus species were recovered, includes 24 S. aureus (20.0%). The isolated S. aureus were highly resistant for methicillin and oxacillin. Meanwhile, they were highly sensitive to norfloxacin. Moreover, the PCR results cleared that, the mecA gene was amplified in 6 out of 8 studied S. aureus strains.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
364
374
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96431_9c98602e77dd7d5c022371253e33a89f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96431
The Potential Protective Effect of Spirulina Platensis against Mycotoxin Induced Oxidative Stress and Liver Damage in Rats
S.A
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
O.M
Abd el-hamid
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
O.S
El-tawil
Department of Toxicology and Forensic Med., Faculty of Vet. Med., Cairo University, Egypt.
author
E.S
Laz
Department of Toxicology and Forensic Med., Faculty of Vet. Med., Cairo University, Egypt.
author
W.M
Taha
Department of Biochemistry and food deficiency, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Spirulina on mycotoxins induced liver damage and oxidative stress in rats. Thirty male albino rats were classified randomly into three equal groups. Group1(normal control): Rats fed with ordinary ration. Group2 (Mycotoxin): Rats fed with ordinary ration only for first 7 days and from day 8 rats fed mixed ration contain 50 gram of grinded plant (total aflatoxins 4.2 ppb) + 50 gram of grinded fish (total aflatoxins 42.14 ppb) + 50 gram of ordinary diet (free of aflatoxins) for 4 weeks. Group3 (Mycotoxin+ Spirulina): SpirulinaPlatensis (500 mg/kg b.wt/day) was administered orally allover the experimental period (5 weeks). Also, rats were fed on ordinary diet only for first 7 days and from day 8 rats fed mixed ration as that mentioned above in group 2. At the end of the experiment liver tissue specimens were isolated and analyzed for the determination of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), L-malondialdehyde (L-MDA) in addition to intrerleukin-1(IL-1) gene expression and DNA damage. The obtained results showed a significant up-regulation of IL-1 gene expression level and marked increase in SOD, CAT, L-MDA and DNA damage that was indicated by an increase in tail length and tail DNA % in liver tissue of mycotoxin rats group. However, liver GSH concentration was markedly decreased as compared to control group. Spirulina protected mycotoxins induced liver damage in rats caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters and attenuates DNA changes. Conclusively, Spirulina Platensis treatment exerts a protective effect against DNA damage and oxidative stress in liver of mycotoxin intoxicated rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidants defense system mechanisms.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
375
383
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96432_ce94b4ed016fc21465327b01dbf885eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96432
A Potent Antioxidants Property of Moringa Oleifera on Mycotoxin Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats
S.A
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
O.M
Abd el-hamid
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
O.S
El-tawil
Department of Toxicology and Forensic Med., Faculty of Vet. Med., Cairo University, Egypt.
author
E.S
Laz
Department of Biochemistry and food deficiency, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza,
author
W.M
Taha
Department of Biochemistry and food deficiency, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza,
author
text
article
2018
eng
This work aimed to evaluate the probable protective effect of Moringa Oleifera on mycotoxins induced liver damage and oxidative stress in rats. Thirty male albino rats were classified randomly into three equal groups. Group1 (normal control): Rats fed with ordinary ration. Group2(Mycotoxin): Rats fed with ordinary diet only for first 7 days and from day 8 rats fed mixed ration contain 50 gram of grinded plant (total aflatoxins 4.2 ppb) + 50 gram of grinded fish (total aflatoxins 42.14 ppb) + 50 gram of ordinary diet (free of aflatoxins) for 4 weeks. Group3 (Mycotoxin+ Moringa): Moringa Oleifera (350 mg/kg b.w) was administered orally allover the experimental period (5 weeks). Also, rats were fed with ordinary ration only for first 7 days and from day 8 rats fed mixed ration that mentioned above in group 2. At the end of the experiment liver tissue specimens were isolated and analyzed for the determination of reduced Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), L-malondialdehyde (L-MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression. The obtained results showed a significant up-regulation of TNF-α gene expression level and marked increase in hepatic SOD, CAT activities and L-MDA of mycotoxin rats group. However, liver GSH concentration was markedly decreased as compared to control group. Moringa protected mycotoxins induced liver damage in rats caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters. Conclusively, MoringaOleiferatreatment exerts a protective effect against liver damage and oxidative stress in liver of mycotoxin intoxicated rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidants defense system mechanisms.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
384
392
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96436_51acccb127aced084b832a915dd816c4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96436
Alternative Approaches for Mitigation of Drug Resistance in Streptococcus Species
A.M.
Ammar
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
E.Y.M
El-Naenaeey
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
N.K.
Abd El-Aziz
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
author
A.A
Elazazy
Abou Hamad Veterinary organization, Ministry of agriculture, Abou Hamad, Sharkia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
During infection, S. agalactiae can form biofilms which is associated with increased antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, bacteria when present in a biofilm ,are resistant to various physicochemical stresses. Therefore, this study is aimed to determine the in vitro anti biofilm activities of cinnamon oil and/or silver nanoparticles and augmentin against multidrug resistant S. agalactiae isolates recovered from clinical mastitic dairy cattle. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 146 Streptococci isolates revealed that 42.5% (62/146) of Streptococci isolates exhibited a feature of multidrug resistance (MDR), being resistant to more than 3 antibiotics of different classes. Cinnamon oil, silver nanoparticles and augmentin exhibited marked inhibitory activities against S. agalactiae isolates with inhibition zone diameters up to 40 mm, 35 mm and 38 mm respectively. Besides, broth microdilution test of cinnamon oil revealed maximum activities against the tested isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) up to 0.0025 µg/mL. The combination of cinnamon oil and silver nanoparticles combination gave the best result as the MIC values have been reduced to 4 folds. The cinnamon oil alone was capable of reducing the number of cells just after 4 h according to time killing assay.
The above results highlight the hopeful antibacterial and antibiofilm features of cinnamon oil and silver nanoparticles in the treatment of emergent resistant S. agalactiae mastitic infections.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
393
412
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96437_f09367f8ea56b66edb43db89c9c2d7fc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96437
Adverse Effects of Repaglinide Alone and in Combination of Vitamin E
G.A
Shams
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary Medicine ,Zagazig university, Egypt
author
M.A.
Kamel
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary Medicine ,Zagazig university, Egypt
author
R.M.
Ezzat
Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of veterinary Medicine ,Zagazig university, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
The purpose of this study is to investigate the adverse effects of repaglinide. Twenty of male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (five of each): (i) Control, (ii) Vitamin E (100 mg/kg b.wt) administered orally, (iii) Repaglinide (0.09mg/kg b.wt) administered orally, and (iv) Vitamin E plus repaglinide were administered orally at the same doses. Treatment with Vitamin E and /or repaglinide were continued for 2 successive weeks. At the end of experiment, serum samples were obtained for some biochemical analysis including: catalase (CAT), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Kidney and liver were taken for histopathological examination. The obtained results showed a significant decrease in the serum level of CAT, SOD, GPx and a significant increase in the level of MDA in repaglinide group compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the group treated with vitamin E plus repaglinide revealed an improvement in the values of antioxidant enzymes compared to rats administered repaglinide group. Liver sections showed a focal co-agulative necrosis with cell aggregation and kidney sections revealed a necrotic glomeruli with destructed hemorrhagic renal tubules in the rats treated with repaglinide. However, rats treated with both vitamin E plus repaglinide illustrated a noticed recovery of liver and kidney tissues. In conclusion, administration of vitamin E can be recommended to overcome side effects associated with repaglinide by its protective antioxidant activity.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
413
421
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96438_6db4521790287c79d3d5325a36654395.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96438
Genetic analysis of blood protein and COMET assay on the ovary in relation to reproductive performance in she-camel (C. dromedaries)
Amany
Farouk
Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
M. A.
Agag
Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
G. A.
Sosa
Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
A. I.
EL-Azab
Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
H. M.
Hassan
Diagnosis Research Institute, Egypt.
author
Hadeel S.
El-Qaliouby
Animal Wealth Development Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
author
text
article
2018
eng
The present work was planned to study the changes in the ovarian cytogenesis (biochemical electrophoresis to detect the genotypes of some plasma proteins) of female camels during the breeding and the non-breeding seasons. Ovaries from 57 she-camels (C. dromedarius) were collected (37 ovaries during the breeding season and 20 ovaries during non-breeding season). Serum protein, types of allels and their mean % in the breeding and nonbreeding seasons were recorded. COMET assay was used to measure DNA damage in cells. DNA strand breaks were represented by the mean for 9 COMETs / sample. The mean ± SD of COMET % in the right ovary in breeding and nonbreeding seasons were 13.6 ± 1.26 and 16.1 ± 1.31 in tailed DNA, while in non tailed DNA were 90.1 ± 0.56 and 85.8 ± 1.26 in breeding and nonbreeding seasons respectively. The mean ± SD of COMET in the left ovary in breeding and nonbreeding seasons were 12.6 ± 1.03 and 15.5 ± 0.05 in tailed DNA, while in non tailed DNA were 91.1 ± 0.73 and 84.5 ± 2.77 in breeding and nonbreeding seasons respectively. The results showed non significant variations between right and left ovaries in DNA damage. While the mean ± SD of COMET % in the right and left ovaries recorded significant variations between seasons in both tailed and non tailed DNA. By single cell gel electrophoresis, it was noticed that apoptotic cells could be clearly distinguished from un-apoptotic cells by the pattern of the COMET image.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
422
435
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96441_b3f861e0cce0aff5292efac0cb4e98b1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96441
Histological and Some Immunofluorescence Studies on the Gills epithelium of the Gray Mullet (Mugil Cephalus) with reference to the age
Mona
Nasr Abdelnaeim Hussein
Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Xiaojuan
Cao
College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of
Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Mugil cephalus fish is from euryhaline fish, so its gills have the ability for accommodation in both fresh and marine water. We studied the histological changes in gill epithelium at the age of three, six, eight months and one year as well as, expression of PPARα, PPARγ, BCL-2, BAX, KI67, and PCNA in gills epithelium. We used hematoxylin and eosin staining for general histological observations. As well as, we detected Immunofluorescence of PPARα, PPARγ, BCL-2, BAX, KI67, and PCNAantibodies. General histological observations detected that the gill filament was supported by hyaline cartilage and some connective tissue fibers, from the gill filament several secondary lamellae projects. There were several kinds of cells present in gill filament and secondary lamella e; mitochondria-rich cells (MRCS), pavement cells, mucous cells, red blood cells, pillar cells, melanincontaining macrophage and undifferentiated cells at the apex of gill filament. The mitochondria-rich cells gave a positive reaction with PPARγ which indicated a role of PPARγ in osmoregulation process performed by MRCS. However, PPARα was highly positive in red blood cells which suggested its role in respiration process. In all examined ages there was a high number of proliferative and apoptotic cells widely distributed all over the gills. An essential role of PPARγ in the process of osmoregulation was observed and an important role of PPARα in the respiratory function of gills. As well as, we distinguished the ability of gills epithelial cells to proliferate under the control of PCNA and KI67 for the maintenance of normal gill structure in hazard conditions. Also damaged cells undergo apoptosis process under the control of BAX and the anti-apoptotic process performed in gills under the control of BCL2 gene.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
336
345
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96439_c24590a5545cf2bbcd80d5ccccd583db.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96439
Brain anatomy and Histology in Teleosts
Mona Nasr
Abdelnaeim Hussein
Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Xiaojuan
Cao
College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of
Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
author
text
article
2018
eng
he anatomical and histological observations of the brain in fishes differ among species, but they resemble each others in the number of brain compartments, and it is necessary to characterize well the anatomical and histological observations in the brain of each particular kind of fishes for doing further subjects in the brain. Five brain divisions usually observed which are from cranial to caudal; telencephalon or forebrain (contain 2 olfactory lobes and cerebrum), diencephalon (contain epithalamus, thalamus and hypothalamus), mesencephalon or midbrain (contain 2 optic lobes which are connected internally with torus longitudinalis and medially with the torus semi-circularis, and optic tegmentum), metencephalon or hindbrain (cerebellum) and myelencephalon or brain stem (medulla oblongata). The ventricular organization composed of the olfactory, lateral, the third, the tectal and the fourth ventricles. The adult neurogenesis process is usually observed in the fish brain, unlike mammal’s brain. The adult neurogenesis usually detected in cerebellum, optic lobe, and telencephalon.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
446
463
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96440_4ca6e63e35b0bb680dabd86bfe2161e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96440
Antiobesity activity and hypolipidemic effect of Proanthocyanidins in rats fed a high fat diet
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
Yakout
A. El-Senosi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ghada, H.
EL-Sharkawy
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Proanthocyanidins, also known as condensed tannins, can prevent obesity induced oxidative stress damage in the liver. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Proanthocyanidins on obesity induced oxidative stress and biochemical abnormalities in male rats. Forty -eight male albino rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (control normal): rats received normal diet. Group II (Obesity): rats received high fat diet (HFD). Group III (Obesity+ Proanthocyanidins): rats received Proanthocyanidins (50 mg/kg.b.wt.) orally for two months after induction of obesity. The obtained results showed significant increase in serum insulin, lipids profile (total cholesterol and triacylglycerols) concentrations, liver L-MDA in addition to up regulation of leptin and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) gene expression level in liver tissues of obese rats. However, liver catalase activity and GSH concentration were markedly decreased. These results suggested that, Proanthocyanidins treatment exerts a protective effect on obesity by reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation and hyperlipidemia in rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
364
379
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96442_39cdb8eca36a693940ed9ace30e0640d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96442
Moringa Oleifera improve lipid metabolic disorders in obesity induced oxidative stress in rats
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
Yakout A.
El-Senosi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ghada, H.
EL-Sharkawy
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Moringa Oleifera leaves have therapeutic functions such as antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-diabetic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Moringa Oleifera on obesity induced oxidative stress and biochemical abnormalities in male rats. Forty-eight male albino rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (control normal): rats fed normal diet. Group II (Obesity): rats received high fat diet (HFD).Group III (Obesity+ Moringa oleifera): rats received Moringa Oleifera (600 mg/kg.b.wt.) orally for two months after induction of obesity. The obtained results showed significant increase in levels of serum insulin, lipids profile (total cholesterol and triacylglycerols), liver L-MDA in addition to up regulation of Leptin and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) gene expression level in obese rats. However, liver catalase activity and GSH concentration were markedly decreased. Moringa Oleifera treatment to high fat diet-induced obesity in rats caused significant improvement of all previous parameters towards its normal ranges. These results suggested that, Moringa Oleifera treatment exerts a protective effect on obesity by reduction of oxidative stress markers, inflammation and hyperlipidemia in rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
380
395
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96443_1eeb5161e135d69ee2ccebd07e03c729.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96443
Vitamin E is a potent regulator of inflammatory cytokines released during hepatic toxicity in rats
Mona A.
El Shemy
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh
author
Ayman Samir
Farid
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh
author
text
article
2018
eng
Paracetamol is a the most utilized analgesic and antipyretic drug, but it may induce hepatotoxicity at increased doses. So, we design this experiment to study the hepatotoxic effect of paracetamol and to detect the role of vitamin E in the alleviation of this toxic effect.
Forty Wistar male rats were classified into 4 groups (10 rats per group); Control (distilled water), Vitamin E (100 mg/kg b. wt. orally for four weeks), Paracetamol (1000 mg/kg b. wt. orally for 3 consecutive days), Vitamin E plus Paracetamol (100 mg vitamin E/kg b. wt. orally for four weeks followed by a dose of paracetamol 1000 mg/kg b. wt. orally daily for 3 consecutive days). Blood and hepatic specimens were collected at the end of treatment. Erythrogram, leukogram, liver enzymes, MDA and expressions of IL-1β, IL4, MCP-1 and TGF mRNA were determined. Also, tissue sections from liver was examined histopathologically.
Paracetamol caused damage of liver tissue indicated by significant increase in the serum ALT and AST activities with a significant decrease in the levels of serum total protein and albumin. Moreover, paracetamol produced a significant elevation in the level of liver malondialdehyde and significant upregulations in the pro-inflammatory biomarkers expression in the hepatic homogenate. The hepatic tissue revealed severe inflammation and hepatic damage. However, vitamin E alleviated the oxidative stress and the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol.
Our experiment revealed that Paracetamol is a hepatotoxic drug in rats. Meanwhile, vitamin E reverses that harmful hepatotoxic effects produced by Paracetamol.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
496
509
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96445_adaaf43b6f794fcc5c4eb78fecede5c4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96445
Effect of Probiotics and Chelated Zinc on E. coli Infected Broilers
Laila
Abd-El Rhman Shawkat
Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Khaled
Mohammed Fararh
Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Ayman
Samir Fari
Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study was carried out to illustrate the effects of Bacillus subtilis probiotic (Baymix®) and chelated zinc (Availa zinc®) in prevention of E. coli in poultry farms and also to examine their effects on some blood biochemical, immunological parameters and antioxidant status in broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty one day old cobb chicks were used in this study. The chicks were divided into six groups, each group contain 25 chick, the 1st group was (control) non infected and fed balanced diet without additives, 2ndgroup was non-infected treated with probiotic (NPRO), 3rd group was non-infected treated with chelated zinc (NZn), 4thgroup was infected non treated (INT),5thgroup was infected treated with probiotic (IPRO) and 6thgroup was infected treated with chelated zinc (IZn). The infection by E.coli (078) occurred at 21st day of age. Blood samples collected for biochemical parameters, phagocytic activity detection. Liver tissues collected for some antioxidant parameters (MDA and GPx), some immunological parameters interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), The results showed that were no significant changes in serum uric acid, creatinine, ALT and AST and significant decrease in malonaldehyde (MDA) and increases in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), phagocytic activity and immunological parameters (IL-1β,IFNγ, IL-10) in NPRO and NZn groups compared to control group and significant decreases in serum uric acid ,creatinine, ALT and AST and significant decrease in MDA and significant increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), phagocytic activity and immunological parameters IPRO and NZn groups compared to INT group.From this study we could conclude that the use of B. subtilis probiotic and chelated zinc improve kidney and liver functions, antioxidant status, phagocytic activity and immune response in broilers chickens infected with E. coli (078).
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
510
525
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96446_3d54032f3088403a32887d72903a67cf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96446
Preparation and evaluation of combined vaccine against necrotic enteritis and colibacillosis in chickens and detection of maternal immunity in their progeny
Noura M.
Khalaf
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
author
Hazem M.
Ibrahim
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
author
Wafaa R.
Abdel-Aziz
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
author
Alaa A.
Elmenisy
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
author
Rafik H.
Sayed
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Fady
A. Shasha
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Lamees A.
El-Tantawy
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens type A and colibacillosis caused by Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), are two pathogenic diseases that threaten the poultry industry worldwide. A combined inactivated vaccine from Clostridium perfringens type A toxoid and serotypes O1 and O78 of E-coli adjvunated with montanide gel was prepared and evaluated in two weeks old SPF white Lohman layer chickens and its progeny. The prepared vaccine was found safe and produced antitoxic titre against NE of 10 IU after 22 week of vaccination as measured by serum neutralization test and 2692 ELISA titre. Also it produced a humeral antibody titre against E.coli serotypes used of 80 at the 22th week post vaccination by microagglutination test (MAT) and an 80% protection in challenge against virulent E.coli serotypes used.Conclusion: vaccination of chicken with two doses, 3 weeks apart, of combined vaccine of Clostridium perfringens type A toxoid and serotypes O1 and O78 of E-coli adjvunated with montanide gel, could protect against necrotic enteritis and colibacillosis.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
526
536
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96448_39943e55569ec1e419837b94aca6f893.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.96448
Protective effect of benzethonium chloride on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Omayma
Abozaid
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Fatma
Moawed
Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
author
Ragaa
Salah Kawara
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of Benzethonium Chloride (BZC) on- diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‑induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Thirty-two male albino rats were used (eight animal per group). The hepatocarcinogenesis was induced in male Wistar albino rats by DEN (20 mg/kg b.w, orally (five times per week for 6 weeks). The treatment group rats received a similar dosage as above then injected with benzethonium chloride (5 mg/ kg b.w i.p.) for 4 weeks. Blood samples for serum parameters were collected or determination of biochemical markers such as alanine amino transaminase (ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin, albumin and total protein. Also, liver tissues were taken for histopathological investigation. The obtained result revealed that treatment with benzethonium chloride significantly reduced DEN-induced elevation of ALT, AST and ALP activities and total bilirubin concentration. However, significant increase in the serum albumin and total protein concentration were observed in benzethonium chloride-treated rats as compared with DEN‑treated group. The obtained results suggest that benzethonium chloride possesses chemopreventive activity against DEN‑induced liver cancer.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
537
546
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_111625_fe8293bb29883edc110e71669f0be7f6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.111625
Irradiated β - Glucan attenuates diethyl nitrosamine induced hepatocarcino-genesis through regulation of CD4,CD8 and β – Catenin
Omayma
Abozaid
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt;
author
Sawsan
EL- Elsonbaty
Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
author
Asmaa
Gad
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt;
author
text
article
2018
eng
β-glucans are heterogeneous group of natural polysaccharides mostly investigated for their immunological effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of irradiated β-glucan on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.β-glucan powder was exposed to 50 KGY of gamma radiation for experimental study, healthy male rats were divided in five groups. Group 1: did not receive any treatment. Group 2: hepatic cancer group rats administrated with DEN orally at a dose of (20mg/kg b.wt/day) for six weeks. Group 3: Irradiated β-glucan group rats were orally administrated with Iβ- glucan for six weeks at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight/day. Group 4: Protective group rats were administrated Iβ-glucan daily as in group 3 for two weeks they induced with DEN concomitant with Iβ-glucan for six weeks. Group 5: Therapeutic group rats were induced daily with DEN then administrated with Iβ-glucan for six weeks. DEN induced liver damage as evidence by a marked increase in serum indices of liver marker enzymes (Alt, Ast and GGT), tumor markers (alpha fetoprotein) and proinflammatory cytokines(interleukin-6) when compared with the normal control group. However, administration of irradiated β-glucan, in liver cancer induced rats displayed improvement in all measured parameters. In conclusion Iβ-glucan considered as a preventive and a therapeutic towards hepatocarcinogenesis via enhancing immune system in particular CD4, CD8 count and anti-inflammatory effect.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
547
558
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_111627_9da40959f9dcafdd5bff14091e06a836.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.111627
Full VP2 sequence analysis of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in broiler chicken in Egypt
Gabr
El-Bagoury
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
author
Mahmoud
Elsamaloty
Animal Health Research Institute, Provincial Lab., Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
author
Ayman
El-Habbaa
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
author
Naglaa
Haggag
National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly infectious disease that severly affecting young chickens and alters the immune system. In this study, 32 bursae samples collected from different broiler flocks (from Gharbia, Behera, Menofia, and Kaferelsheikh) showed high mortality rate and bursal lesions during 2018 were examined. Obvious differences in genotyping between very virulent (vvIBD) and classical infectious bursal disease virus. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for IBD targeting the hyper variable region (HVR) of VP2 gene. The RT-PCR revealed that 20 samples positive, 10 representable samples were selected for genetic analysis from them 6 samples were selected for full VP2 geneticac analysis which revealed that these samples related to vvIBDV strains. The genotyping of Egyptian vvIBDV indicate massive evolution compared with previously isolated strains which indicate the persistence of vvIBDV in Egyptian poultry environment.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
559
567
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_111776_cc0abd57011e754f322b6c9ee1c72967.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.111776
Molecular insights of recently circulated Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in broiler chicken in Egypt
Gabr
El-Bagoury
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
author
mahmoud
Elsamaloty
Animal Health Research Institute, Provincial Lab., Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
author
Ayman
El-Habbaa
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
author
Naglaa
Hagag
National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal
Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
IBDV is still one of the most important causes of significant economic losses in poultry industry in Egypt, although implementation of the intensive vaccination programs. A recent increase in IBDV related mortality in most of vaccinated chicken broiler farms in different governorates, prompted to investigate the molecular characters of the circulating IBDV. In present study, 32 bursa samples were assayed in Kaferelsheikh, Menofia, Gharbia and Behera. The virus was isolated by inoculating bursa suspension into embryonated specific pathogen-free (SPF) eggs. CAMs collected and the virus detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for IBDV targeting VP2 gene. Out of the tested samples 20 were positives. Ten IBDV-positive samples were selected for further isolation and characterization. Sequence analysis of PCR products of 10 selected samples was carried out. Eight samples were characterized as very virulent (vvIBDV) and two samples were similar to classical IBDV and vaccine strains. The genotyping of Egyptian vvIBDV indicate progressive evolution of IBDV in Egypt.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
568
577
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_111781_1916e8f62451cc2ef1c91d5073fd90b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.111781
Effect of the breed on the properties and chemistry of semen in dogs
Mohamed
Kandiel
Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Amany
EL-Baz
Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Mona
Shaker
Theriogenology Department, Reproduction Research institute - Haram, Agriculture Research Center
author
Abdelsalam
El Azab
Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
This work was planned to study the effect of dog breeds on the physical and chemical properties of semen. A total number of 53 dogs of Caucasian (n=3), German shepherd (n=37), Malinois (n=8) and Rottweiler (n=5) breeds and mixed ages were used for semen collection along a year from 2016 to 2017. Semen was collected using an artificial vagina and examined for color, density, volume, pH, sperm individual motility, livability rate, cell concentration (SCC) and morphology. Seminal plasma was harvested after centrifugation and examined for testosterone hormone levels, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total anti-oxidant capacity. Results indicated that dog breeds markedly (p < 0.05) affect pH and SCC values. Seminal plasma testosterone, ALT and ALP significantly (p < 0.001, 0.001 and 0.05, respectively) differed between dog breeds. Semen pH and ALT values of Caucasian breed was the lowest among the examined breeds. SCC were substantially (p < 0.05) higher in Malinois breed than in Rottweiler breed. Testosterone hormone was higher in Caucasian and Malinois than German Shepherd and Rottweiler breeds. The ALP enzyme activity was higher in Rottweiler than German shepherd and Malinois breeds. It conclusion, dog breeds markedly affect the fertility potential of semen though its influence on testosterone-dependent libido intensity, sperm count per ejaculate and seminal plasma enzymatic activity.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
578
585
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_118885_d5bb8f14a1b0d6109a7f902aa633c61a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.118885
Effect of chitosan and calcium phosphate nanoparticles on PPRV vaccine immunogenicity and keeping quality
Gabr
El-Bagoury
Department of virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Ehab
EL-Nahas
Department of virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Ahmed
Mostafa
Veterinary serum and vaccine Research institute, Abbasia, cairo.
author
Mohamed
saafan
Veterinary serum and vaccine Research institute, Abbasia, cairo.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Nanotechnology that created nanoparticles (NP) having superior properties compared to the original ones and offers a new era for vaccine improvement. In this study, Chitosan nanoparticle (CSN) and Calcium Phosphate nanoparticle (CaPN) based-vaccines were prepared in different concentrations [1% (W/V) & 0.125% (W/V)] then, trials to discover the effects of these NP based-Pest des Petits Ruminants (PPR) vaccines on the immunogenicity and keeping quality compared than that offered by the conventional PPR vaccine. The results revealed from the serum neutralization test (SNT) that performed on sera collected from inoculated sheep with NP based vaccines and conventional one on a weekly base interval for four weeks and with the same subcutaneously inoculated dose of 103 TCID50 showed that all NP based vaccines was faster in yielding neutralizing antibody titer from week one while conventional vaccine was delayed to the second week, meanwhile CSN 0.125% based vaccine was more superior than other NP based vaccines that reached the peak titer [Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) of 128] by the fourth week while conventional vaccine results were only showed 53.3 as GMT. These results confirmed that CSN and CaPN based vaccines were generally more superior than conventional one and CSN 0.125% based vaccine were achieved the forefront results. On the other hand, keeping quality tests based upon PPR virus titration of all types of vaccines in this trial that were exposed to different temperature degrees (4°c,25°c& 37°c) were also studied. The obtained results emphasized that CSN 0.125% based vaccine superiority that showed only 0.4 log 10TCID50/ml, as a titer loss after lyophilization process, while the conventional vaccine lost 0.6 log 10TCID50/ml .On keeping all types of vaccines employed in this study at 4°c (for 12 weeks) , 25°c (for 12 weeks) and 37°c (for 7 days) , it was found that CSN 0.125% based vaccine showed the lowest loss in titer among other NP based vaccines in our study, that was expressed by log 10TCID50/ml as 0.4,1.9 and 1.4 respectively. While loss of titer in case of conventional vaccine that kept at the same degrees of temperature was 0.5, 2.2 and 1.6 respectively. So, these results favored CSN 0.125% based vaccine that showed better results in immunogenicity and keeping quality rather than conventional PPR vaccine.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
586
596
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_123450_0a541bc6a6c835eb13cc6bd7f19e29fc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.123450
Impact of Chitosan and Calcium phosphate nanoparticles upon VERO cells and their adapted PPRV
Gabr
El-Bagoury
Department of virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Ehab
EL-Nahas
Department of virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Ahmed
Mostafa
Veterinary serum and vaccine Research institute, Abbasia, cairo.
author
Mohamed
Saafan
Veterinary serum and vaccine Research institute, Abbasia, cairo.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Nanotechnology that created nanoparticles (NP) having superior properties compared to the original ones offers a vast era for PPR vaccine improvement. African green monkey kidney VERO cell lines were widely used for isolation and propagation of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) instead of primary cell lines because of the problematic quality and considerable variations in primary cultures. In this study, investigations for the impact of Chitosan nanoparticles (CSN) and Calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPN) upon the principle biological elements, VERO cells (in terms of cytotoxicity) and PPRV performance (in terms of cytopathic effect {CPE} and virus titer) were carried out using primary concentrations of both nanoparticles as 1%(w/v), 5%(w/v), 10%(w/v) then, further concentrations of 0.5%(w/v), 0.25%(w/v) and 0.125%(w/v) were also used. These concentrations were used as supplements to the minimum essential media (MEM) that were regularly used in PPR vaccine production. The results of the study revealed that along of a successive four days of microscopically examined VERO cells that were overlaid with either MEM only or MEM supplemented with different concentrations of CSN and CaPN, the lowest concentrations of 0.125%(w/v) for CSN and CaPN were the minimally cytotoxic for VERO cells in terms of the ratio among the number of microscopic fields of affected cells comparing to the overall cultured cells sheet, However, the higher the concentration of CSN/CaPN, the higher the VERO cells cytotoxicity. Also, the impact of CSN/CaPN different concentrations supplied MEM upon PPRV performance after inoculating VERO cells revealed that, along seven days of microscopically examined and PPRV inoculated VERO cells that were overlaid with aforementioned concentrations from both of CSN and CaPN did not show any significant impact regarding CPE onset and intensity of eruption or as a PPRV titer (expressed by log 10 TCID50/ml) and may need further investigations. So, the obtained results from this study recommend the concentration to be used as a MEM supplement during the process of preparing a CSN/CaPN based PPR vaccine was 0.125%(w/v) or less for keeping a considerable VERO cells viability.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
576
611
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_123458_7d91e67a6776b8d39df46fa560eb008e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.123458
Proanthocyanidin inhibit the development of diethylnitrosoamine induced premalignant phenotype in rat chemical hepatocarcinogensis model
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Yakoot A.
EL-senosi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Kamilia K.
El- Hajjar
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Proanthocyanidin was shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and anticancer activity. This study was done to investigate the protective effects of Proanthocyanidin on Diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocarcinogensis in rats. Fourty five male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group Ӏ: (normal control group): rats administered distilled water only. Group II: rats received Diethylnitrosamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), 2 weeks later rats received (2 ml/kg b.wt) Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) orally at 1:1 dilution in corn oil as a promoter of carcinogenic effect. DEN and CCl4 injections were repeated once again after 1 month from the first DEN injection. Group III: rats received DEN+CCl4 then treated with proanthocyanidin at a dose of (100 mg/kg b.wt/orally) dissolved in DMSO 7% for 6 weeks. All animals were sacrificed after the end of experiment. DEN induced HCC showed significant increase in hepatic marker enzymes (ALT and ALP), total bilirubin and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) with marked decrease in serum albumin concentration. Also, the results of molecular analysis in liver tissue revealed significant up-regulation in TNF-α gene expression level. Conversely, down-regulation in tumor suppressor gene p53 and Cyp2E1 gene expression compared with control group. Treatment with proanthocyanidin to DEN induced HCC protects the liver cells from damage by regulating the biochemical parameters. The obtained results suggest that proanthocyanidin can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells through inducing tumor cell apoptosis via activation of the p53 pathway and detoxification enzyme Cyp2E1 and inhibition of TNF-α overexpression. Proanthocyanidin may thus be used as a potentially promising agent to inhibit HCC cell proliferation and may be a novel natural product for the management treatment of HCC.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
612
624
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_186438_da5c68101bfaaf3d3404ec76360984a6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.186438
Lycopene Attenuated Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis by Modulating the Metabolic Activation and Detoxification Enzymes
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Yakoot A.
EL-senosi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Kamilia K
El- Hajjar
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Lycopene was shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and anticancer activity. This study was done to investigate the protective effects of Lycopene on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)- induced hepatocarcinogensis in rats. Forty-five male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I (normal control group): rats administered distilled water only. Group II: rats received diethylnitrosamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), two weeks later rats received (2 ml/kg b. wt) Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) orally at 1:1 dilution in corn oil as a promoter of carcinogenic effect. DEN and CCl4 injections were repeated once again after 1 month from first DEN injection. Group III: rats received DEN+CCl4 as in group II then treated with lycopene at a dose of (20 mg/kg b.wt/orally) dissolved in tween-80% for 6 weeks. All animals were sacrificed after the end of experiment. DEN induced HCC showed significant increase in hepatic marker enzymes (ALT and ALP), total bilirubin and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) with marked decrease in serum albumin concentration. Also, the results of molecular analysis in liver tissue revealed significant up-regulation in TNF-α gene expression level. Conversely, down-regulation in tumor suppressor gene p53 and Cyp2E1 gene expression compared with control group. Treatment with lycopene to DEN induced HCC protects the liver cells from damage by regulating the biochemical parameters. Lycopene was able to mitigate liver tissue damage induced by DEN through increasing of Cyp2E1 and P53 in addition to decreasing TNF-α gene expression level and ameliorate all serum liver function parameters. These findings suggested, the potential efficacy of lycopene as an additional chemo preventive agent in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the apoptosis, anti-inflammatory and detoxification effects.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
625
637
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_188894_3b136f10f8022ee44b2a223b11a25d4d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.188894
Moringa olifera Attenuated Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis by Modulating the Metabolic Activation and Detoxification Enzymes
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Samir A.
Abdel-Aal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Hossam A.
Mady
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Moringa olifera was shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and anticancer activity. This study was done to investigate the protective effects of moringa olifera on Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced Hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Fourty five male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group (normal control group): rats administered distilled water only. Group II: rats received diethylnitrosoamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), two weeks later rats received (2 ml/kg b.wt) Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) orally at 1:1 dilution in corn oil as a promoter of carcinogenic effect. DEN and CCl4 injections were repeated once again after 1 month from first DEN injection. Group III: rats received DEN then treated with moringa at a dose level of (500 mg/kg b.wt/orally) dissolved in distilled water for 6 weeks. All animals were sacrificed after the end of experiment. DEN induced HCC showed significant increase in hepatic marker enzymes (ALT and ALP), total bilirubin and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) with marked decrease in serum albumin concentration. Also, the results of molecular analysis of liver tissue revealed significant up-regulation in TNF-α gene expression level. Conversely, down-regulation in tumor suppressor gene p53 and Cyp2E1 gene expression compared with control group. Treatment with moringa olifera to DEN induced HCC protects the liver cells from damage by regulating the biochemical parameters. These findings suggest the potential efficacy of moringa as an additional chemopreventive agent in treatment of hepatocellular carcionomavia initiation of tumor suppressor gene (P53) and modulating the metabolic activation of detoxification Enzyme (cytochrome P450 2E1) andanti-inflammatory effect.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
638
649
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_188895_c06c1c9e2b93e07ab40b0a8edffa8e80.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.188895
Spirullina inhibit the development of diethylnitrosoamine induced premalignant phenotype in rat chemical hepatocarcinogensis model
Samy A.
Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Samir A.
Abdel-Aal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
Hossam A.
Mady
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Spirulina was shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and anticancer activity. This study was done to investigate the protective effects of spirullina on DEN induced hepatocarcinogensis in rats. Fourty-five male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group Ӏ :(normal control group): rats administered distilled water only. Group II: rats received diethylnitrosoamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), 2 weeks later rats received (2 ml/kg b.wt) Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) orally at 1:1 dilution in corn oil as a promoter of carcinogenic effect. DEN and CCl4 injections were repeated once again after 1 month from first DEN injection. Group III: rats received DEN then treated with spirullina platensis at a dose level of (800 mg/kg b.wt/orally) dissolved in distilled water for 6 weeks. DEN induced HCC showed significant increase in hepatic marker enzymes (ALT and ALP), total bilirubin and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) with marked decrease in serum albumin concentration. Also, the results of molecular analysis in liver tissue revealed significant up-regulation in TNF-α gene expression level. Conversely, down-regulation in tumor suppressor gene p53 and Cyp2E1 gene expression compared with control group. Treatment with spirullina platensis to DEN induced HCC protects the liver cells from damage by regulating the biochemical parameters. Spirullina platensis was able to mitigate liver tissue damage induced by DEN through increasing of Cyp2E1 and P53 in addition to decreasing TNF-α gene expression level and ameliorate all serum liver function parameters. The obtained results suggest spirullina platensis can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells through inducing tumor cell apoptosis via activation of the p53 pathway, improvement of detoxification Enzyme and suppression of inflammation by inhibition of TNF-α overexpression. Spirullina may thus be used as a potentially promising agent to inhibit HCC cell proliferation and may be a novel natural product for the management of HCC.
Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
1110-6581
35
v.
2
no.
2018
650
661
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_188896_b5b854aa8d7e54961e39beaae012aad3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2018.188896