ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and field evaluation of live attenuated sheep pox vaccine for protection of calves against lumpy skin disease
In this research Romanian Sheep pox virus was identified and confirmed by using PCR, Live attenuated Romanian Sheeppox vaccine (RSPV) was prepared and its titer on VERO cell was log 102.5TCID50/dose. It was sterile, safe and potent.We used eight susceptible calves 6-8 months old, five calves vaccinated with 0.5 ml of prepared RSP vaccine intradermally (I/D) in tail folds while three calves kept as control. Evaluation of both acquired humoral and cellular immunityby using lymphocyte proliferation assay, SNT, ELISA and Interferon Gamma Bioassay (IFN-ᵧ). The result showed thatlymphocyte proliferation began to increase till reach to its peak (1.629) at 10th day then decrease after that, WhileInterferon gamma (IFN-ᵧ) detected in 1st day till 7th day post vaccination then decreases after that. Results of SNT andELISA revealed that Protective serum neutralizing antibody titer started at three weeks (1.5), (1.09) post vaccination thenreach to its peak at 12th weeks (2.5), (1.85) respectively and persisted till 28 weeks. From this study we found that liveattenuated RSP vaccine a good immunogenic response where it was induced a high level of antibody titer with prolongedduration of immunity and higher lymphocyte and interferon gamma levels, So It considered good vaccine to controlLumpy Skin Disease (LSD)
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31252_f0964d2c87c11a9ea313617b2243601c.pdf
2016-12-01
1
7
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31252
PCR
VERO
RSPV
SNT
ELISA
IFN-ᵧ
LSD
Heba
Khafagy
1
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Saad
moustafa.ali.saad@gmail.com
2
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abdelwahab
3
department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdelmoneim
Mustafa
4
department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study the effect of different adjuvants on inactivated Equine herpesvirus-1 vaccine
Equine herpesvirus-1 is a highly prevalent and frequently pathogenic infection of equines. The most serious clinical signsof disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory distress to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death andneuropathogenic disorders. Inactivated EHV-1 adjuvanted vaccines consider the best way for controlling infectiousdisease. In this research, the prepared EHV-1 adjuvanted vaccines was completely inactivated by binary ethyleneimine(BEI) with (0.008M) and proved to be, sterile, pure, safe and potent when inoculated on VERO cells, mice and horses.Challenge was applied only in inoculated mice to detect the role of all prepared vaccines in the reduction of virus clearanceand excretion. There was no any undesirable post vaccinal reaction in horses vaccinated with the prepared vaccinereconistitued in saponin, DEAE-Dextran (100mg/dose) and adjuvanted with MontanideMTGel-01. The immunogenicityof vaccinated mares adjuvented with different three types of vaccine was assayed by different serological tests revealedthat maximum antibodies titre was achieved at 3-4 months’ post vaccination and EHV-1 inactivated vaccine reconstitutedin DEAE-Dextran (100 mg/dose) is the best one of them followed by the vaccine reconstituted in saponin and vaccineadjuvanted with MontanideMTGel-01
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31253_66d8fdec4a089d28fa3fc6205d9c70b3.pdf
2016-12-01
8
15
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31253
Equine herpesvirus
inactivated vaccine
saponin
Montanide
Dalia
Hegazy
1
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Safaa
Warda
2
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amel
Abu Senna
3
Faculty of Science, AL-Azher university (Girls Branch)
AUTHOR
Sidkey
Nagwa
4
Faculty of Science, AL-Azher university (Girls Branch)
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chemical and mycological evaluation of sweetened condensed and evaporated milks in Menofia governorate
Fifty random samples of imported concentrated milk (25 each of sweetened condensed and evaporated milk)were collected from different supermarkets in Menofia Governorate for chemical and mycologicalexamination. The mean values of total solids, fat, protein, sucrose contents and sugar/water ratio in theexamined sweetened condensed milk samples were 29±0.31, 8.5±1.3, 7.9±1.1, 43±0.32 and 61.91±0.35,respectively. While, the mean values of total solids, fat and protein contents in examined evaporated milksamples were25.7±1.1, 8.5±0.23 and 7.1±1.0, respectively. Mold and yeast were detected in both sweetenedcondensed and evaporated milk. Aspergillus and Pencillium genera were frequently isolated than other generaof fungi. Aspergillus spp. were isolated with percentage of (32%) and (44%) from sweetened condensed andevaporated milk respectively. A. flavus was the most dominant spp.in the examined samples with percentageof (87.5%)and (27.5%) from sweetened and evaporated milk respectively. From yeast isolated the genusSaccharomyces was the most dominant in the contaminated sweetened condensed milk samples (40%),followed by Rhodotorula (12%), then genus Candida (8%).While from evaporated milk the isolated yeast wereRhodotorula, Candida, and Saccharomyces with percentage (12%), (8%)and (4%), respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31254_dc160cf50bc6a4351caa059ec17ff7a0.pdf
2016-12-01
16
20
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31254
condensed milk
evaporated milk
mold
yeast
Dina
EL Zahaby
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin EL Koom branch, Department of Food Hygiene
AUTHOR
Nermeen
Ghazaly
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin EL Koom branch, Department of Mycology
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of sodium butyrate on salmonella infection in broiler chicks
One hundred and ten 1-day-old broiler chickens were obtained from commercial breeder farm and kept under strict hygienic measures and were proved to be salmonella free. The birds were divided into 5 equal groups. The first group was kept as negative control. The second group was infected with (1×108) Salmonella entertidis intra crop at 8th day of age. The third group was given Sodium butyrate 0.98 mg/mL orally in drinking water from the first day till the end of experiment at 40th day of age. The fourth group was treated with Sodium butyrate from the 1st day as in the 3rd group and infected with Salmonella enteritidis at 8th day of age. The fifth group was infected with inoculum containing (1×108) Salmonella entertidis intra crop at 8th days of age and treated Sodium butyrate 0.98 mg/mL in drinking water for 5 successive days after appearance of signs. Blood and serum samples were collected from each group at 14, 21 and 28 days of age for estimation of macrophages phagocytosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein, albumin, globulin and Nitric Oxide (NO). Live body weight and feed intake were recorded for each repetition ondays 7, 14, 28 and 35. Reisolation of inoculated organism from the muscle, liver, and two ceci of experimentally infected chicks was carried out and confirmed by PCR. Tissue specimens from intestine were collected for histopathological examination. The results showed significant increase in total protein and globulin level in groups 2, 3 and 4. MDA showed significant decrease in group 2 and 4 in the first week, on the other hand MDA showed significant decrease in group 2 and 5 in the second week, but decrease in group 2 only in the third week. SOD showed significant decrease in group 2 in the first week, but in the second week, there were decrease in groups 2, 4 and 5. While SOD showed significant increase in groups 3, 4 and 5 in the third week. NO showed significant increase in groups 2 and 3 in the first week but in the second week there was significant increase in NO level in groups 2, 3 and 4 but in the third week the results revealed significant increase in groups 3 and 4 only. Macrophage showed significant decrease in groups 2 and 5. Phagocytic activity showed significant decrease in group 2 and significant increase in group 3. Body weight showed significantincrease in group 3 during the second and the third week of experiment, but in the fourth and fifth week there was significant decrease in group 2 and increase in group 3. Histopathological examination revealed that Group 3 (sodium butyrate) showed high absorptive surface from tall and thick intestinal villi and hyper activation of intestinal crypts and proliferation of villous enterocytes. The results indicated that sodium butyrate can be used as antioxidant so improve the growth performance in chickens under stress and this may be attributed to enhancing the immune response and reduce tissue damage. It was concluded that sodium butyrate can be used in control and prevention of salmonella infection in chickens
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31255_2bdada860419048d7c43f606cdc740ae.pdf
2016-12-01
21
32
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31255
Sodium butyrate
Salmonella
antioxidants
phagocytosis
chickens
Soad
Belih
1
Clinical pathology Departments, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta
AUTHOR
Seham
EL-Hadad
2
Histopathology Departments, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta
AUTHOR
Ghada
Amen
3
Nutrition Departments, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta
AUTHOR
Maha
Basiony
4
Bacteriology Departments, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular assay using PCR based technology to identify fraud and adulteration of some meat products
Meat species specification is a vital field to ensure the food safety to the consumers which corresponds to the laws relatedto meat and meat products. The adulteration of inferior quality meat into superior quality one is a common practice allover the world. In this study, 30 beef product samples including minced beef, luncheon and sausage (10 samples each)were collected from different markets in Cairo and Giza Governorate, transferred to the laboratory for detection ofadulteration of beef with pig, equine and dog meat using Simple and reliable multiplex-polymerase chain reaction(multiplex-PCR) for the partial-length of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which indicated thesuccessful detection of little as 0.05 ng % adulteration of meat products. Multiplex PCR can also be applied to detectauthentication with equal efficiency to fresh, cooked or putrefied mixed meat samples. The obtained results revealed thatone examined sample (10%) of minced beef was intermixed with equine meat only, while two samples (20%) of beefsausage were adulterated with addition of equine meat only. Moreover, the examined luncheon samples were free fromadulteration with either pork or equine meat. All examined samples were found to be free from adulteration with dogmeat. The bad effects of fraud and adulteration of meat products was discussed
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31257_4f3586fe32e5e966d13f993296ff08f4.pdf
2016-12-01
33
39
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31257
Multiplex PCR
authenticity
Adulteration
beef
equine
pork and dog meat
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
Eman
El-Shazly
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Food Hygiene Department, Tanta lab
AUTHOR
Noha
El-Shinawy
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Food Hygiene Department, Dokki
AUTHOR
Khaled
Tolba
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Food Hygiene Department, Dokki
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of Shiga toxin produced by Escherichia coli in poultry and meat in Luxor city using multiplex PCR
Shiga toxins were widely spread in the meat especially in minced meat. These toxins have an important significance tohuman health because it is a major cause of food poisoning. About 150 meat samples purchased from a number ofsupermarkets and butcher shops in Luxor city were examined for presence of E. coli (50 raw meat samples - 50 mincedmeat samples - 50 sample of chicken meat). 62 samples were positive for E.coli spp. 26 isolates were confirmedserologically using O &H specific antisera as E.coli. Incidence of E. coli was in chicken meat 6/50 (12%) and raw meat11/50 (22%) and minced meat 9/50 (18%). 26 E. coli isolates tested serology using special antisera (O & H) recognizethat there are 12 genetic groups They are O26: H11, O114: H21, O119: H4, O2: H6, O125: H21 in chicken meat. O111:H2, O55: H7, O125: H21, O128: H2, O26: H11, O124 in raw meat. In minced meat O128: H2, O119: H4, O44: H18,O26: H11, O111: H2, O78, O55: H7. E.coli O111,O26 and O119 the most prevalent serotype. Polymerase chain reactionwas used to detect virulence genes in isolated strains stx1, stx2, eaeA
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31258_4ee89a918a8da2a5614b3949f2268c4a.pdf
2016-12-01
40
44
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31258
E. coli
stx1
stx2
eaeA
Jehan
Daoud
1
Faculty of Vet Medicine, South Valley Uni.
AUTHOR
Karmi
Mohamed
2
Faculty of Vet Medicine, Aswan Uni.
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
3
Reference Lab. For Vet. Quality control on poultry production
AUTHOR
Reham
Ahmed
4
Reference Lab. For Vet. Quality control on poultry production
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Improvement the Shelf Life of Tilapia Fillets Stored at Chilling Condition
The main purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of immersing fillets of Nile Tilapia (Orechromis niloticus)in 1% acetic acid and storage under standard conditions (80% CO2: 20% N2) at a temperature of 2°C on their shelf life.Fillets samples were divided into four groups, Group 1 (G1): the fillets immersed in sterilized distilled water for 2 minutesand packaged in Polyamide/ Polyethylene (PA/PE) bags. Group 2 (G2): the fillets immersed in sterilized distilled waterand stored under standard conditions. Group 3 (G3): the fillets immersed in 1% acetic acid for 2 minutes and packaged inPA/PE bags. Group 4 (G4): the fillets immersed in 1% acetic acid and stored under standard conditions. All sampleswere stored at a temperature of 2°C for 21 days and analyzed at the beginning of the experiment and after 7, 14 and 21days of storage. Results of the study showed that the organoleptic properties of tilapia fillets dropped by the extension ofthe cold storage time to 21 days. The average values of Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in the G1, G2,G3 and G4 are 9.23, 2.56, 8.07 and 0.98 at day 21 of the cold storage at a temperature of 2 °C, respectively. Tilapia filletskept under CO2-enriched atmosphere had lower total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) than those stored in air where theaverage values were 19.9, 15.93, 18.97, 15.93 mg/100g in G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively at the end of the storageperiod. The results also showed that the total viable count (TVC) remained at permitted in G4 as the average number was6.14 ± 0.05 × 103 after 21 days of storage at a temperature of 2 °C, while in G1, G2 and G3 were 7.53 ± 0.06 × 106, 7.63± 0.11 × 105 and 5.30 ± 0.09 × 106 respectively. Thus, the results indicated that the tilapia fillet immersion in 1% aceticacid and storage under standard conditions that have been applied in our study contributed to the extension of the validityperiod for tilapia fillet for a longer period of cold storage of up to 21 days
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31260_1230e45e4a62aae1cc8e50687a16009b.pdf
2016-12-01
45
55
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31260
Nile tilapia
fillets immersion
validity period
tbars
Thabet
Gerges
1
Animal Health Research Institute (Benha Branch-Food Control Department)
AUTHOR
Amany
Selim
2
Animal Health Research Institute (Benha Branch Microbiology Department)
AUTHOR
Mai
Osman
3
Animal Health Research Institute (Benha Branch-Biochemistry Department)
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physiological, hematological and biochemical alterations in heat stressed goats
Heat stress is one of the main factors which adversely affecting the animal welfare and thus the economic benefits of thefarms. Goat husbandry in Egypt tends to breed throughout the year. However, a high ambient temperature is the majorrestriction on the animal productivity. This effect is provoked when heat stress is accompanied by high ambient humidity.This study was aimed to study the effect of heat stress on the physiological, some hematological and biochemicalparameters. Twenty-five goats were exposed to the daytime (30 days) after an initial 7 day shading period, while another10 goats were exposed to the shading regimen throughout the entire 30 days as a control group. Heat stressed goatsshowed the decrease of the feed intake, body weight and growth rate. Physiologically, the rectal temperature, respirationand heart rates were observed to be significantly higher. Moreover, the red blood cells count (RBCs), hemoglobinconcentration (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly increased, whereas an insignificant change in whiteblood cells count (WBCs). Also, the serum total proteins, albumin, glucose, urea and creatinine levels were significantlydecreased. On the other hand, cortisol level were significantly increased in heat stressed goats. Our results indicated thatheat stress produced a significant alteration in the physiological, some hematological and biochemical parameters
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31261_08a8b193a78920fd83c6eb0dabee79dd.pdf
2016-12-01
56
62
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31261
heat stress
goats
physiological
hematological
Biochemical analysis
Noura
Attia
1
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of bacterial and chemical quality of new manufactured pasted fish products in a large scale fish processing plant, Egypt
This study was conducted to evaluate chemical, bacterial and sensory characteristics of some novel fish pasteproducts. Thirty samples of Salmon, Herring and Anchovy pastes were collected from different markets inGharbia, Egypt. Proximate composition of fish pastes for crude protein, total lipids, moisture, ash, and saltpercentages revealed high protein (42.66 to 57.55%) content. The changes in pH, TMA, TVB-N and TBAremained under the limit for edibility. The total aerobic and staphylococcal counts were within the range ofspecified microbiological limits for fish and fishery products; however, TAC values in some of Salmon andAnchovy paste samples were 6.62 and 7.72 log cfu/g respectively, and do not meet the microbial specification.Total anaerobic and halophilic counts were in range of >3 - >5 log cfu/g. The Enterobacteriaceae and coliformcounts were at the range of <2 - >3 log cfu/g. The total Bacillus count for Salmon paste (4.38 log cfu/gm) washigher than those of Herring (3.31 log cfu/g) and Anchovy (2.26 log cfu/g) paste samples. Furthermore, B.cereus, which is a major food borne pathogen, was isolated from 30% of Herring paste samples; while otherinvestigated pathogens such as C. perfrengns, E. coli, Salmonellae, Shigellae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa andS.aureus were not detected. According to sensory analyses, fish paste samples had very good and good scoresin terms of taste, flavor, color, texture and overall acceptability. However, the sensorial scores of Herring pastecolor decreased to average quality. The study concluded that fish pastes have acceptable chemical and sensoryquality. However, they may consider high-risk for microbial hazards, so, special attention should be taken fromcompetent authorities and food business operators
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31263_997fc9fbf0ef92dab6e68bcee08eb757.pdf
2016-12-01
63
72
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31263
Salmon
Herring
anchovy
fish paste
Dalia
Khater
1
Food Hygiene Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
Samia
Farag
2
Food Science and Technology Department, Fac. Of Home, Economic, El-Azhaer University, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular Studies on the prophylactic effect of probiotics on Salmonella typhimurium infected chicks
The ability of probiotics to protect chicks against S.typhimurium was evaluated. Challenge experiment was designed using120 one day old chicks divided into 4 groups. The challenging S. typhimurium was counted in liver and cecum samplesand the results shows that counts of the probiotics pre-treated group were significantly reduced when compared to thoseof positive control group. The phagocytic percent of chicks of positive control group were 38.40%, 26% and 18% whilethat of pre-treated group were 54.20%, 38.10% and 36.40% in 7, 14 and 21 days old respectively. Phagocytic indexes(PI) of positive control group were 1.0±0.10, 1.0±0.20 and 1.0±0.0 while those of pre-treated group were 1.50±0.20,1.10±0.08 and 1.10±0.04in 7, 14, and 21 days old respectively. S. typhimurium from ceacal digesta were used forextraction of total RNA to assess the expression of 4 virulence genes (hilA, hilC, hilD and sipC) using Real Time PCR.The obtained data revealed that CT means of hilA, hilC, hilD and sipC of control group and pre-treated group were asfollow 20.31 and 17.68, 17.43 and 16.85, 17.03 and 16.72 and 18.78 and 17.98 respectively. It was concluded thatprobiotics has an impact on S. typhimurium and caused an imbalanced virulence gene expression.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31264_6b2b031633ed3745233eb968a296b318.pdf
2016-12-01
73
82
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31264
probiotics
S. typhimurium
chicks
Abdelhafez
SM
1
Veterinary Hospital, Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Abdelwahab
M.O.
2
Microbiology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Ammar
A.
3
Microbiology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Azza
Eldemerdash
4
Animal Health Research Institute
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Concurrent use of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole for controlling of some bacterial infections in broiler chickens
This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of ciprofloxacin (8 mg/kg b.wt.) and/or metronidazole (30 mg/kg.b.wt.) in drinking water for 5 successive days for treatment of E. coli and/or Cl. perfringens each alone or both. Bloodand tissue samples were collected from 5 birds from each group on the 5th, 12th and 19th days post-infection and treatment.This was done through studying the effect on growth Performance (body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feedconversion rate), lesion score, mortality rate, some liver and kidney function parameters and some blood pictureparameters. Infection with E. coli and/or Cl. perfringens induced the characteristic symptoms and lesions of the diseaseinfection with E. coli induced mortality rate up to 20% which is reduced to 5% post- treatment with ciprofloxacin whereas,Cl. perfringens infection induced mortality up to 35% which is reduced to 12% post-treatment with metronidazole. Mixedinfection with E. coli and Cl. perfringens induced 75% mortality which is reduced to 20% post-treatment with both drugs.Infection with E. coli and/or Cl. perfringens each alone or mixed together afforded a significant decrease in body weight,weight gain, feed consumption and increased feed conversion compared with normal control group. Whereas, treatmentof infected birds with both drugs elicited a significant increase in body weight, feed consumption and significant decreasein feed conversion rate compared with infected non-treated groups. On blood picture infection with E. coli and Cl.perfringens or their mixed infection induced a significant decrease in total RBCs count, Hb % and PCV% whereas,treatment of infected birds with each drug alone or their combination induced a significant increase in the previousparameters along the course of the study compared with infected non-treated groups. Serum Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid and creatinine were significantly elevatedin response to infection with each microbe alone or their combination compared with normal control group. Treatment ofinfected birds with each drug alone or their combination elicited a significant decrease in the previous parameters alongentire period of the study compared with the infected non-treated groups. Taken together, our data could be framed withinthe view of the revealing high efficacy of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin toward infection with clostridium and /or E.coli in poultry
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31274_ea4fe5f9490df8e93aa3769552cf7c3d.pdf
2016-12-01
83
92
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31274
ciprofloxacin
Metronidazole
broiler
Clostridium
E. coli
Sayed
Abdel Ziz
1
Pharmacology Dept., Faculty of Vet. Med. Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Sabry
Abdel Motaal
2
Pharmacology Dept., Faculty of Vet. Med. Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Osama
Abd-Allah
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig Branch
AUTHOR
Marwa
Sarhan
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig Branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical study of DNA markers for Bacterial infection in bovine mastitis
Mastitis is a multifactorial disease and very difficult to control. It results from injury, chemical irritation and infectioncaused by different bacterial species. Mastitis remains one of the most common economic problems of dairy industryworldwide as it is the most expensive disease of dairy animals resulting in the reduction of milk production and quality.These expenses in terms of reduction of production, discarding milk, drug therapy, veterinarian charges, culling ofincurable animals and extrause of labor. Analysis of bacteriological examination of milk samples was made to identifythe main etiological agents involved in the disease. The organisms were identified on the basis of their cultural, stainingcharacteristics, biochemical reactions .and molecular detection. Milk sample of 23 cows, which were positive forCalifornia mastitis test, cultured for microbiological examination in the study period. Two bacterial species were isolated,Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) and E. coli bacterial isolates. The predominant isolated bacteria were Staph. aureuswith isolation rate of 37.77% however E. coli was isolated with isolation rate of 13.33%). Serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP) enzyme and calcium levels were highly significant decreased while C-Reactive protein (CRP) titre and phosphoruslevels were highly significant increased. Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme(LDH), Aspartate aminotransferaseenzyme(AST), Gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme(GGT), Albumin, sodium, potassium and chloride levels were nonsignificantlychanged in serum of mastitic cows compared to healthy ones. While LDH, ALP and phosphorus levels werehighly significant increase in milk of mastitic cows compared to that of healthy ones. However, the calcium level washigh significantly decreased in mastitic cows compared to healthy ones. Molecular detection of Staph. aureus and E. coliisolates by PCR. The expected sizes of PCR products of Staph. aureus was (984bp), while that for E. coli were (662bp).
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31275_1f20da02261cacafa541d3b6f24362ae.pdf
2016-12-01
93
100
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31275
Bovine Mastitis
bacteriological examination
LDH
ALP enzymes
PCR
Afaf
Abdel-maged
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Wael
El Sheita
2
Biochemistry department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abdelwahab
3
Animal medicine department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of IgY immunoglobulin prepared in chicken egg yolk for the protection of chicken against necrotic enteritis
This study was designed to provide a rapid highly protective passive immunization of chickens against necrotic enteritis(NE). This aim was established by preparation of NE alpha toxin IgY in chicken egg yolk, such preparation was found tohave specific anti NE alpha toxin titer 40 I.U by SNT and 0.237 optical density (OD) by ELISA. It was found that oraladministration of 40, 20, 10 and 5 IU/ml of IgY / poult after experimental infection with Clostridium perfringens typeA, resulted in protective rates of 96%, 88%, 80% and 60% respectively. Chickens' sera of passively immunized birdsshowed antibody titers of 1, 2 and 1.5 I U in the first, second and third days’ post immunization respectively. It wasconcluded that IgY for NE alpha toxin type A could be used successfully to protect or even minimize the severity of thedisease during possible outbreaks
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31276_13d256191505e26b3d213288b4e836a2.pdf
2016-12-01
101
105
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31276
NE
Clostridium perfringens
Alpha toxin
IgY
Noura
Khalf
1
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Hala
El-Sawy
2
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Hanna
T.N
3
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
El- Meneisy
A.
4
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Khodeir
H.
5
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The structural characterization of the lacrimal gland in the adult dog (Canis familiaris)
To elucidate the macroscopical and microscopical structure of dog's lacrimal gland, 15 adult dogs (Canis familiaris) wereutilized in this study. Macroscopically, the lacrimal gland was located on the dorsolateral aspect of the eyeball andbounded dorsolaterally by the orbital ligament, zygomatic process of the frontal bone and frontal process of malar bone.Its shape was nearly rectangular with the average width (1.38 ± 0.13 cm) and length (1.52 ±0.12 cm). In between thedorsal and lateral rectus muscles, the lacrimal artery, vein and nerve were observed. Microscopically, the lacrimal glandwas enveloped by the fibromuscular capsule and lobulated. Each lobule was formed of secretory endpieces and ducts.The secretory endpieces were mucous and serous. However, the mucous type was predominant. The lining cells of thesecretory endpieces expressed a positive reaction to alcian blue and Periodic acid Shiff. A series of duct system withinthe lobules and septa was seen. The scanning electron microscopic examination revealed that the secretory endpiecescovered with granular secretory substance. Several crystals with sharp taper ends were seen around the secretoryendpieces
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31277_00c541a9a879540b8597ece3fc2f5a0c.pdf
2016-12-01
106
116
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31277
lacrimal gland
Dog
orbital ligament
secretory endpieces
Nesma
El-naseery
1
Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Eman
El-behery
2
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Hanaa
El-Ghazali
3
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Enas
El-Hady
4
Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of inactivated BEF vaccine adjuvant with Montanide ISA 206 compared with the locally prepared inactivated BEF vaccines
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus belonging to Ephemerovirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family causes aneconomically important seasonal acute vector- borne disease. Routine vaccination, is one of the main controlling steps,particularly in countries where the disease is endemic. This study deal with comparative evaluation of humeral immuneresponse of cattle using SNT and ELISA to three inactivated BEF vaccines. Inactivated BEF vaccine with Montanide ISA206 (water-in-oil-in-water) adjuvant given in 2 doses one month apart gave high protective antibody titer lasted for 44weeks’ post vaccination (WPV). The inactivated BEF vaccine with aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant given in 2 dosesone month apart gave satisfactory immune response lasted for 30 WPV then neutralizing antibodies waned rapidly. Liveattenuated BEF vaccine that inactivated by saponin on time of vaccination give higher antibody titer which rise morerapidly lasted for 38 WPV only. It could be concluding that the inactivated BEF vaccine with Montanide ISA 206 adjuvantgave satisfactory higher and longer lasting antibody titer for 44 WPV and it was recommended to use this vaccine inendemic and non-endemic countries to control and prevent the disease especially before summer season
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31278_a46882e71ba5ba62646e9124aca90317.pdf
2016-12-01
117
123
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31278
BEF virus
vaccine
Adjuvant
SNT
ELISA
El-Bagoury
F.
1
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Habbaa
S.
2
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Amal
M.
3
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Nermeen
S.
4
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial effect of Rosemary and Clove oil on Staph. aureus in minced meat
The present study was designed to investigate antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of clove oil and rosemary oil for theireffects on the growth and survival of Staphylococcus aureus artificially inoculated into minced beef. Fresh minced beefsamples were inoculated with (~ 106 CFU/ml) (6 log CFU/g) of Staph. aureus Initial counts of Staph. aureus in mincedbeef samples immediately after inoculation were (10.86±5.18 log CFU/g). Essential oils of clove (Syzygium aromaticum)and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) (%v/g) were added to the minced beef samples to achieve final concentrations of1, 1.5 and2%. Sensory (color, odor and texture) and bacteriological (Staph. aureus counts) analyses were conducted after1, 2, 3, 4.5.6. 24 hrs, 2nd, 3rd and 6th day during cold storage at 4°C. clove oil (2%) group give the best effectiveness witha significant advantage in extend shelf-life of refrigerated minced meat to 5 days compared to all groups specially controlones (3 days)
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31279_96cb5aa02f643a7b5535f39ceb97fca5.pdf
2016-12-01
124
129
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31279
Antimicrobial
antioxidant
rosemary
clove
Fatin
Hassanien
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Rana
Khalil
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Mousa
3
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University
AUTHOR
Dalia
khater
4
Animal Health Research Institute., Department of food Hygiene. Tanta branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aflatoxins residues in chicken and turkey tissues
Total aflatoxins residues were detected in chicken and turkey tissues "muscles and liver " by using HPLC. Results revealeda significant difference variation among liver and muscles in examined chicken and turkey’s samples (p values <0.05).These indicated that liver is the reservoir place of total aflatoxins residues. The means average of Aflatoxin B1, G1, B2,G2 and total aflatoxins residues respectively, in examined chicken liver samples were 17.3+/-3.3 μg/kg, 13.5+/-2.1μg/kg,7.6+/-4.8 μg/kg ,1.5+/-0.9 μg/kg and 22.8+/-4.1μg/kg. while in examined muscles samples they were 6.5+/-1.03 μg/kg,4+/-1.4 μg/kg, 1.7+/-0.6 μg/kg, 0.7+/-0.3 μg/kg and 8.9+/-1.5 μg/kg. On the other side the means for Aflatoxin B1, G1,B2, G2 and total aflatoxins residues respectively, in examined turkey liver samples they were 15.6+/-2.7 μg/kg ,13+/-4.2μg/kg, 6.1+/-0.5 μg/kg, 2.2+/-0.6 μg/kg and 24.5+/-4.7 μg/kg, while in turkey muscles samples were 6.3+/-1.5 μg/kg,4+/-0.2 μg/kg, 2.9+/-1.3 μg/kg, 0.6+/-0.3 μg/kg and 9.3+/-2.5μg/kg
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31281_6e571dcddce0de5fe1a9bb30a5704b86.pdf
2016-12-01
130
135
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31281
Residues –Aflatoxins
Chicken- Turkeys –HPLC
Faten
Hasanen
1
Department of Food control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mousa
Mohammed
2
Department of Food control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adfina University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mahomud
H.
3
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Wafaa
Hassan
4
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
Fatma
Amro
5
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ciprofloxacin residues in chicken and turkey carcasses
Ciprofloxacin residues were detected in chicken and turkey tissues "thigh, breast, liver and kidney" by using HPLC.Results reflected a significant difference variation among kidney, liver, breast and thigh in examined chicken and turkeysamples as p values <0.05 indicating that kidney and liver are the site of accumulation of ciprofloxacin residues Thehighest residual level of ciprofloxacin found in kidney then liver Whereas the lowest concentrations were found in breastthen thigh muscles. The means average of ciprofloxacin residues in examined chicken samples in kidney , liver , breastand thigh respectively, were 316+/-26.4 μg/kg , 211.1+/-20.6 μg/kg, 131.7+/-25.2 μg/kg and 92.11+/-30.1 μg/kg ; on theother side the means for turkey samples were 291.9+/-29.9 μg/kg , 205.7+/-23 μg/kg , 119.2+/-12.5 μg/kg and 83.2+/-19.6 μg/kg respectively; By Using of different heat treatment processes, Ciprofloxacin residues are heat stable compoundsas they couldn’t be degraded by any cooking methods except microwaving at 800 W with one spoonful of sunflower oilfor 15-20 minutes for muscles and 3-5 minutes for liver and kidney, Also freezing for 1 month at -20cº could degradeciprofloxacin to its metabolites at levels lower than permissible limits but not to Un detectable levels.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31282_004d6664d30c6bfe5db9d918b7fc3451.pdf
2016-12-01
136
143
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31282
residues
ciprofloxacin
Poultry- Turkeys –HPLC
Faten
Hasanen
1
Head of Department of Food control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mousa
Mohammed
2
Vice dean for Education and Student Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adfina, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mahomud
H.
3
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt
AUTHOR
Wafaa
Hassan
4
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
Fatma
Amro
5
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological and molecular studies on toxigenic Clostridium perfringens in milk and some milk products
Two hundred random samples of milk, kareish cheese, yoghurt and ice-cream (50 for each) were examinedmicrobiologically for the presence of Clostridium perfringens, their enterotoxigencity and their antibiotic sensitivity.Clostridium perfringens was isolated from 3 (6%) milk samples, 4 (8%) kareish cheese samples and it could not beisolated from any examined samples of yoghurt and ice-cream. The majority of C. perfringens isolates recovered frommilk and milk products were susceptible to ofloxacin, ampicillin + sulbactam and norfloxacin (100%), vancomycin,tetracycline, metronidazole and amoxicillin + clavulinic acid (83.3%) and clindamycin (66.7%). The majority wereresistant to cephalothin (100%), sulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim (83.3%), oxacillin and chloramphenicol (66.7%).Molecular studies using multiplex PCR technique for detection of alpha toxin gene and C.perfringens types "A"enterotoxin gene revealed that the 7 isolates of C. perfringens (100%) were positive for alpha toxin gene and only 2 outof 7 isolates (28.57%) were positive for enterotoxin gene
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31283_15dcb532c311b6068f75571a0afed835.pdf
2016-12-01
144
148
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31283
Milk
C. perfringens
enterotoxigencity
Antibiotic sensitivity
PCR
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Fatma
El-Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
3
Microbiology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig Univ.
AUTHOR
Hoda
Aideia
4
Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Eman
Hammad
5
General Authority for Vet. Services
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The hepato- protective Effect of Stem Cells and Levamisole against Carbontetrachloride induced Liver Fibrosis
This study designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of stem cells only or stem cells and levamisole onexperimentally Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage by evaluation of haematological parameters,biochemical parameters, immunological parameters and histopathological findings. Sixty (60) Wister rats weredivided into four groups with 15 animals in each group. Group (1): normal group. Group (2): rats injected withCCL4 (0.2ml/100gm) s/c twice a week for 9 weeks. Group (3): rats injected with CCL4 then given MSCs(3x106 cell) I/v once a week for 4 weeks. Group (4): rats injected with CCL4 then given levamisole (2.5mg/kg)three successive days for 4 weeks and stem cells (MSCs) (3x106 cell) I/v once a week for 4 weeks. Resultsshowed that injection of CCL4 lead to significant increase in activity of hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP)and Bilirubin level while it decreased serum total protein, albumin, IL- 6, Phagocytic index, Phagocytic %,IgG and IgM. While after treatment with stem cells only or stem cells and levamisole lead to significantdecrease in activity of hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and Bilirubin level while it increased serum totalprotein, albumin, IL- 6, Phagocytic index, Phagocytic %, IgG and IgM
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31284_37f9eedc3af84ab2c1b1d120eaf95041.pdf
2016-12-01
149
157
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31284
Liver fibrosis
Carbon tetrachloride
Levamisole and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Khaled
Fararh
1
Clinical Pathology department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ayman
Farid
ayman.samir@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
2
Clinical Pathology department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ibtisam
Azzam
3
Pathology department, Animal Health Research Institute
AUTHOR
Asmaa
Sultan
4
Pathology department, Animal Health Research Institute
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Virulence Genotyping of Enterococcus species isolated from meat and milk products
Enterococci have recently emerged as nosocomial pathogens. Their ubiquitous nature determines their frequent findingin foods as contaminants. As little is known about their virulence potential, this study aimed to investigate the frequencyof five potential virulence determinants in Enterococcus species isolated from various foodstuffs in Sharkia and DakahliaGovernorates, Egypt. A total of 59 enterococci isolates (59%) were recovered according to standard microbiologicalmethods, with milk and meat being most contaminated (76 and 60%, respectively). Species-specific PCR of tenenterococci isolates identified by 16S rDNA revealed the presence of E. faecalis, E. faecium and unidentified enterococciin 70, 20 and 10% of the isolates, respectively. PCR screening for esp (enterococcal surface protein), gelE (gelatinase),asa1 (aggregation substance), hyl (hyaluronidase) and ace (collagen binding antigen) virulence factors showed that allthe identified isolates were found to carry one or more virulence-encoding genes, with two or three being the mostcommon pattern. The esp and gelE were the predominant virulence traits among all investigated enterococci isolates (80%each), followed by ace, asa1 and hyl genes (50, 30 and 10%, respectively). Notably, E. faecalis and E. faecium isolatesshowed different patterns of virulence determinants; esp, gelE, ace and asa1 genes were more prevalent in E. faeciumthan E. faecalis. Simultaneous presence of virulence markers was observed among the analyzed isolates. Therefore, theresults of this study showed that food can play an important role in the spread of enterococci with virulence potentialthrough the food chain to the human population
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31285_271d22668095194e96f48f0099959b3a.pdf
2016-12-01
158
164
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31285
Enterococcus species
foodstuffs
Virulence
PCR
ESP
gelE
Abd El Tawab
A.
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha University
AUTHOR
Ammar
M.
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Marwa
Abd El-Hamid
3
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Enas
El-Dessouky
4
Veterinary Medicine Directorate, Zagazig
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Some adverse effects of cytarabine in leukemic rats
In the present work, the biochemical and hematological parameters as well as histological changes following intravenousinjection of 2 mg/ kg for 7 days and 3 mg cytarabine for 5 days in both normal and leukemic rats were studied. Samplewere taken in the first, second and third week after end of administration of cytarabine. Both normal and leukemic ratsshowed significant increase in serum total bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, total protein and albumin after intravenousadministration of cytarabine either 2 mg/kg body weight for 7 days or 3 mg/kg body weight for 5 days. The effect ofintravenous injection of cytarabine either 2 mg/kg body weight for 7 days or 3 mg/kg body weight for 5 days on serumcreatinine level in normal and leukemic rats showed a significant changes of kidney function through estimation of serumcreatinine, urea and creatine kinase level. Intravenous injection of cytarabine either 2 mg/kg body weight for 7 days or 3mg /kg body weight for 5 days induce significant increase on lipid profile (cholesterol and triglyceride) and MDAconcentration in normal and leukemic rats
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31286_879b1d7ffca54a60315cc076568368ae.pdf
2016-12-01
165
170
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31286
cytarabine
Lipid profile
leukemic rats
MDA
M.
Elsayed
1
Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Enas
Farag
2
Animal health research institute Benha branch
AUTHOR
Hanan
Khaled
3
pharmaceutical company
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pasteurella multocida in camels: incidence, capsular and virulence genes characterization
Pasteurella multocida is the main cause of hemorrhagic septicemia in camels. This study deals with the isolation andmolecular examination of hemorrhagic septicemia in camels from May 2014 to March 2016 from 30 camel nasal swabsin Marsa Matruh and 120 camel lungs (70 slaughtered in Basateen abattoir in Giza Governorate and 50 slaughtered in Al-Shohada abattoir at Al-Menofia Governorate). All collected samples were subjected to clinical, postmortem examinationas well as for bacteriological and molecular examination. Totally P. multocida was isolated from the examined sampleswith percentage of 5(3.3%). While the percentage of the isolation rate from 120 camel lungs was 5(4.2%). In contrast, all30 nasal swabs were negative. In the pathogenicity test, all P.multocida isolates were highly pathogenic. Pasteurellamultocida isolates were identified by PCR and 23 S RNA gene was amplified at 1432bp. Three out of five isolates wereidentified as P.multocida type B with amplification at 760bp while other two isolates identified as P.multocida type Aand amplified at 1044bp . Also, PCR showed that toxA gene was amplified in all isolates and giving product of 864bp butptfA gene was not detected. As conclusion, P.multocida in camels can be diagnosed with different methods such asconfirmatory biochemical and molecular assays
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31288_c5926a03d4c5f70d62200ef04c4a73b5.pdf
2016-12-01
171
175
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31288
Pasteurella multocida
Hemorrhagic septicemia
camel
Egypt
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University
AUTHOR
Fatma
El -Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University
AUTHOR
Attia
Al-Jeddawy
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki – Giza
AUTHOR
Ebtehal
Abo-Hamdah
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki – Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical effect of renal prophylactic drugs on inflammatory markers in experimentally induced chronic renal failure in rats
The present study aimed to determine the biochemical alternations and inflammatory markers in experimental inducedchronic renal failure in rats by adenine at dose of 250 mg/kg. b.w for two and four weeks and role of N-acetyl Cysteineon chronic renal failure as a prophylactic drug at dose of 54mg/kg for two and four weeks
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31290_a23f5b3a60e3e68c7c90f2edf3b2bc6d.pdf
2016-12-01
176
180
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31290
chronic renal failure
Adenine
N-acetyl cysteine
Abdel-Maksoud
A.
1
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hindawi
M.
2
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Sadek
M.
3
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of some microbial decontaminators on chicken carcass
This current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of trisodium phosphate 5%, 8% and 10%, chlorine 20 ppm,50ppmand 60ppm and hydrogen peroxide 1%, 2% and 3%, on total aerobic plate count, Enterobactereacea count,staphylococcus count and isolation percentages of Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and L. monocytogens of freshslaughtered chicken. The results of count of control sample were 8.2±7.99, 4.41±3.89 and 4.30±3.76 log10cfu/g and thepercentages of isolation were 60, 90 and 10%, respectively. While after dipping in trisodium phosphate 5%, 8% and 10%,the reduction percentage of aerobic plate count, Enterobactereacea count and staphylococcus count were 6.2%, 23%,30.6%, 11.1%, 44%, 100% , 17.2%, 32.3% and 52%, after dipping in chlorine 20ppm, 50ppm and 60ppm,were 4%, 5%,35.3%, 9.3%, 22.6%, 27.2%, 8.1%, 30.2% and 32.6%, after dipping in hydrogen peroxide 1%, 2% and 3%, were80.8%,82.3% , 87.8%, 82.7%, 86.8%, 100%, 82.5%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Moreover, the reduction percentages ofSalmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, were 50%, 66.7%, 83.3%, 22.2%, 66.6% and 100%, after dipping in trisodiumphosphate 5%, 8% and 10%. While after dipping in chlorine 20ppm,50ppm and 60ppm, were16.7%, 33.3%, 50%, 11.1%,22.2% and 33.3% and after dipping in hydrogen peroxide 1%, 2% and 3%, were50%, 66.6%, 83.3%, 55.5%, 100% and100%. L. monocytogenes failed to be detected (100% decontamination)
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31291_d1cb205696c09107e0d2e79e4773195e.pdf
2016-12-01
181
188
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31291
TSP
Chlorine
Hydrogen Peroxide
chicken carcasses
Decontamination
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Zakaria
M.
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
El -Sayed
Afify
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacterial evaluation of vacuum packaged meat products
The purpose of this study to evaluate the microbiological quality of vacuum packaged meat product samples (luncheonsausage)collected from different markets in Qalyobia governorate (30 of each). The obtained results indicated that themean values of APC, anaerobic plate count and Enterobacteriacea counts was 2.1xl06±1.5xl06, 1.5xl07±3.5xl06& 1.7xl04±3.9xl03 cfu/g for sausage and 2.9xl05±2.6xl04, 2.4xl05±2.5xl04& 2xl05±2xl04 cfu/g for luncheon, respectively.Isolation and identification of some food poisoning bacteria were carried out. Salmonella, Staphylococci, and Clostridiumperfringens were isolated and identified and the incidence was 10 %,6.6% and 33.3 % for sausage and 3.3, 10%&43.3 %for luncheon, respectively. Contamination of food by handlers is the most common cause of the presence ofmicroorganisms which indicate a bad hygienic measure applied through different stages of food preparation, handlingand serving
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31296_97754c4a5bd0fc5470215666a2d33731.pdf
2016-12-01
189
195
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31296
Vacuum
sausage
luncheon
Salmonella
Shaltout
A.
1
Food Control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Zakaria
M.
2
Animal health research institute, Doki, Giza
AUTHOR
Lamiaa
lotfy
3
Home Economics Department., Fac. Specific education., Kafr Elshiekh Univ.
AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Ahmed
4
microbiology department., Elborg medical lab.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
microbiology department., Elborg medical lab.
A grand total of ninety random samples of chicken meat products represented by fresh pane, popcorn and luncheon (30 of each)were collected from different supermarkets and retailers of different sanitation levels in different cities at Gharbia Governorate, Egypt for bacteriological examination The mean values of APC ,Coliform and total Staphylococcal counts (log cfu/g) were7.46 ± 0.51b, 5.25±0.10a and 5.10 ± 1.28a in the examined chicken fresh pane samples, 5.41± 0.35c, 4.13±1.40b and 4.73 ± 1.78b in the examined chicken luncheon samples and 7.10±1.37a , 5.28±2.25a and 5.88 ± 1.66a inthe examined chicken pop corn samples, respectively . On the other hand, the percentages of unaccepted samples of freshpane, luncheon and popcorn were 100%, 83.3% and 86.7% according to the permissible limits stipulated by EOS 1651(2005) for coliform (not exceed 102) respectively, with high significant difference between the examined samples (P<0.05). Moreover, the incidence of coagulase positive S. aureus isolated from chicken products samples fresh pane,luncheon and pop-corn were 10%, 23.3% and 23.3% respectively. The public health importance of the isolatedmicroorganism and the recommended points to prevent or even minimize contamination of chicken meat products withmicroorganisms were discussed.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31297_95677ff51588e6b9635a9f48f8d6061f.pdf
2016-12-01
196
201
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31297
Chicken Meat Products
APC
S. aureus
Coliform
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
1
Food Control Department, Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Naglaa
Eltaib
2
Food Control Department, Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nesrin
Eliwa
3
Animal Health Institute, Tanta lab. Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological and molecular studies on toxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in milk and some milk products
A total of 200 random samples of milk and milk products represented by kareish cheese, yoghurt and icecream(50 for each) were examined microbiologically for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, itsenterotoxigencity and its antibiotic sensitivity. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 8 (16%) milksamples, 15 (30%) kareish cheese, 4 (8%) yoghurt and 11 (22%) ice-cream samples. All S. aureus isolatesexhibited clumping factor using kits for reliable latex agglutination test. The susceptibility of the isolates wasdetermined for 12 antimicrobial drugs using disc diffusion assay. The majority of strains were susceptible toofloxacin and ampicillin + sulbactam (100%), vancomycin and tetracycline (94.7%), norfloxacin andsulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim (89.5%), chloramphenicol (73.3%) but they were resistant to oxacillin andmetronidazole (100%). Amplification of coagulase gene (coa) using uniplex PCR, staphylococcal enterotoxingenes (sea, seb, sec, sed and see) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (mecA) gene using multiplex PCRrevealed that, 11/11(100%) of the examined samples were positive for both coa and mecA genes. While, seaproduced by 5 (45.45%) strains, sec and sed produced by 4 (36.36%) strains and seb and see were not producedby any strains
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31298_95bad364b355a96f691620f56234c930.pdf
2016-12-01
202
209
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31298
Milk
S. aureus
enterotoxigencity
Antibiotic sensitivity
PCR
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Fatma
El-Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
3
Microbiology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig Univ.
AUTHOR
Hoda
Aideia
4
Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Eman
Hammad
5
General Authority for Vet. Services
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of different cooking methods on ractopamine residues in beef
The study was planned out to estimate the ractopamine (RAC) residues in frozen beef as well as the effect of differentcooking on (RAC) in beef samples. The mean value of RAC in meat was 3.43±0.43 ppb. The obtained results showed noevidence for the illegal use of ractopamine, but these results do not exclude the possibility of misuse of these potentiallyharmful Substance. Regarding the effect of cooking on RAC residues in different cooking processes (boiling,microwaving and grilling), results showed that the degradation of RAC after boiling was 19.24%. Whereas aftermicrowaving and grilling they were 11.66, 47.52%. The results were statistically evaluated and the public healthsignificances were discussed.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31299_5c47a8145e4e4c5c6c6c0f2e4b723d8c.pdf
2016-12-01
210
212
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31299
Ractopamine
beef
Boiling
microwave
grilling
Mohammed
Hassan
1
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
A.
2
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Marzouk
M.
3
Food Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Sarah
kh.
4
Food Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of some foodborne microorganisms in meat and meat products
This study was conducted on 140 random samples of fresh beef and meat products viz: minced meat, luncheon andsausage (35 for each), collected from different shops at El-Kaliobia Governorate, to evaluate their bacteriological profile.The bacteriological examination of fresh beef and meat products minced meat, sausage and luncheon revealed that themean values of APC, Enterobacteriaceae, coliform and Staphylococcus counts were 8.34×104±0. 10 ×104;2.14×102±0.97×102; 1.25×102±0. 13 ×102 and 2.36×102 ±0.12 ×102 for fresh beef samples; 8.03×104 ±0.12×104; 2.02×102±0.76×102; 0. 89×102 ±0.06 ×102 and 2.67×102 ±0.11×102 for minced meat samples; 6.74×104 ±0. 28 ×104; 1.85×102±0.64×102; 0. 73×102 ±0.08 ×102 and 1.9×102 ±0.11 ×102 for sausage samples and 5.85×104 ±0.24×104 ;1.69×102±0.70×102 ;0.71×102 ±0.07×102 and 1.68×102±0.11×102, for luncheon samples. Further, 21 isolates of E.coli were isolatedfrom examined meat samples represented as 5(14.3%) from fresh beef with serotypes 2 O55:H7,1 O125:H18,1 O111: H4and 1 O26:H11 ; 8(22.9%) from minced meat with serotypes 3 O55:H7, 2 O125:H18, 1 O111:H4, 1 O26:H11 and 1untyped; 6 (17.1%) from sausage with serotypes 2 O55:H7, 1 O125:H18, 1 O111:H4 , 1 O26:H11 and one untyped and2 (5.7%) from luncheon samples with serotypes O55:H7 . In addition, 25 isolates of Coagulase positive S. aureus wereisolated from examined meat samples represented as 6 (17.1%) from fresh beef; 9 (25.7%) from minced meat; 7 (20.0%)from sausage and 3(8.6%) from luncheon samples. Meanwhile, Salmonella serovars were not detected from all examinedmeat samples
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31300_363d7f49d41e3d9ba4c939f461471741.pdf
2016-12-01
213
219
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31300
meat products
Bacteriological Evaluation
E. coli
Staph. aureus
Salmonella
Fahim
Shaltout
1
Food Control Department (Meat Hygiene), Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Maarouf
2
Animal Health Research "Benha branch"
AUTHOR
Ibrahim,
El-Kewaiey
3
Animal Health Research "Damanhour branch"
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Heweidy
4
Vet. at Shubra-Bokhom Abattoir
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Pseudomonas species in frozen imported meat
A total of 90 random samples of Frozen American, Brazilian and Indian meat samples (30 of each) were collected fromdifferent retail shops and supermarkets in EL-Menofeya Governorate at different production dates. The collected sampleswere examined bacteriologically and by using PCR tecnique for detection of Pseudomonas species, especiallyPs.aeruginosa. There for , Ps. aeruginosa , Ps.alcaligenes , Ps.cepacia , Ps. fluorescence , Ps. proteolytica , Ps.Psychrophila, Ps. putrifaciens, Ps.thermotolerans, Ps. versicularis , Ps. fragi,Ps.Putida Ps.orientalis and Ps.stutzeri wereisolated from 2(6.67%), 5 (16.67%), 1 (3.33%), 14 (46.67%), 8 (26.67%), 3(10%), 10 (33.33%),6(20%), 1 (3.33%) andzero for Ps.fragi,Ps.Putida,Ps.orientalis and Ps.stutzeri for frozen American meat samples ,3 (10%) , 8 (26.67%) , 1(3.33%) , 19 (63.33%),5(16.67%), 7 (23.33%), 13(43.33%), 9 ( 30%) 3(10%) , 2(6.67%) , 1(6.67%) and zero forPs.orientalis one Ps.stutzeri , for frozen Brazilian meat samples, 6(20%),9(30%),4 (13.33%),25(83.33%),6 (20%),11(36.67),19(63.33%) , 13(43.33%), 4(13.33%), 3(10%), 3(10%), 1(3.33%) and 2(6.67%) for frozen Indian meatsamples, respectively. Regarding to Ps.aeruginosa the total number and percentage of ps.aeruginosa were 2(6.67%) ,3(10%) and 6(20%) for American , Brazilian and Indian frozen meat, respectively with total result of (12.22%). By usingPCR technique, the all examined samples by conventional method showed positive result by both of PCR andconventional method to Pseudomonas species. On the other hand of Ps. aeruginosa was detected in one sample of Indianmeat by conventional method while it showed negative result by PCR technique
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31301_52871f6cefff331b006b3096f642c4c7.pdf
2016-12-01
220
224
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31301
Pseudomonas
frozen meat
Molecular characterization
PCR
PA- GS
PA-SS
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
1
Food Control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University
AUTHOR
Hassan
A.
2
Food Control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University
AUTHOR
Nahla
bou El-Roos
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Shbin Elkoom
AUTHOR
Mohga
Abd Elsalam
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Shbin Elkoom
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of different cow side tests for diagnosis of ketosis in lactating cows
The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of different cow side tests for diagnosis of ketosis including PrecisionXtra ketone method and PortaBHB milk ketone tests in Holstein- Friesian dairy cows. The colorimetric estimation of serumBHBA at a cut-off point ≥1.200 mmol /L was used as a gold standard method. For that purpose, 200 Holstein- Friesian dairycows up to 6 weeks postpartum were tested. The prevalence of ketosis was 11% by using colorimetric method. The apparentprevalence of ketosis was 12.5% by using of Precision Xtra ketone test at a cut-off point of blood BHBA ≥1.200 mmol /Lwith 90.9% sensitivity, 97.2% specificity, 80 % positive predictive value (PPV) and 98.9% negative predictive value (NPV).A significant correlation (r = 0.871; P <0.01) was recorded between serum BHBA measured by colorimetric method andwhole blood BHBA measured by Precision Xtra ketone test. The apparent prevalence of ketosis was 20.5% and 6.5% byusing PortaBHB milk ketone test at a cut- off point 100-200 μmol of milk BHBA /L with 86.4% and 45.5% sensitivity,87.6% and 98.3% specificity, 46.3% and 76.9% PPV and 98.1% and 93.6% NPV, respectively. It was concluded thatPrecision Xtra ketone test and PortaBHB milk ketone test are simple and rapid tools for diagnosis of ketosis compared withthe standard colorimetric method. However, Precision Xtra ketone test is more accurate and sensitive than PortaBHB milkketone test.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31302_9cb817c6cb21979d8d2ac69030a8f83a.pdf
2016-12-01
225
230
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31302
cow side tests
ketosis
PortaBHB milk ketone test
Precision Xtra ketone test
Ghanem
M.
1
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
E.
2
Animal Medicine Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University
AUTHOR
Abd El-Raof
M.
3
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Attar
M.
4
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Alterations in biochemical parameters and hepatic ultrasonography with reference to oxidant injury in ketotic dairy cows
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, biochemical and hepatic ultrasonographic changes in ketotic dairy cows. Forthat purpose, we examined 42 lactating Holstein- Friesian cows with ages from 3- 10 years old during the post parturientperiod (up to 6 weeks postpartum). The cows were classified into control healthy (C=20), subclinical ketotic cows(SCK=17) and clinical ketotic cows (CK=5). Clinically, anorexia and reduction in milk yield were observed in CK cows.The ruminal movements showed a significant depression (P<0.05) in CK than SCK and control. The serum glucose,insulin and cortisol showed a highly significant decrease (P<0.001) in CK and SCK than control. The serum NEFA andBHBA showed a highly significant increase (P<0.001) in CK and SCK than control. Serum cholesterol and HDL levelsshowed a significant (P<0.01) decrease in SCK and CK cows than control. Serum triglycerides (TG) and very low densitylipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly decreased (P<0.01) in CK than control. The serum activity of AST, ALT and GGTwere significantly increased (P<0.05) in CK cows than control. Serum Ca and P levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05) in CK cows than SCK and control. Regarding the oxidative stress biomarkers, serum level of malondialdehyde(MDA) showed a highly significant (P<0.001) increase in CK cows than SCK and control whereas, serum superoxidedismutase (SOD) level was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in CK cows than control. Hepatic ultrasonography of ketoticcows revealed varying degrees of fatty infiltration (focal and diffuse fatty infiltration) appeared as increased hepaticechogenicity with a blurring of hepatic blood vessels. It is concluded that ketosis induced clinical, biochemical andultrasonographical changes in lactating cows. Oxidant injury could be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31304_ebada4e26cf5412f3e16444ff53b647f.pdf
2016-12-01
231
240
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31304
Anti-oxidant
biochemical
ketosis
subclinical ketosis
Ultrasonography
Ghanem
M.
1
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
E.
2
Animal Medicine Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University
AUTHOR
Abd El-Raof
M.
3
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Attar
M.
4
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of an inactivated BEF virus vaccine adjuvant on montanide ISA 206 in cattle subjected for one and two doses immunization programs
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an infectious, arthropod-born viral disease has economic importance in cattle and buffaloes.Vaccination is widely used to control and prevent BEF disease. This study aimed to prepare an inactivated BEF vaccineusing Montanide ISA 206 (water-in-oil-in-water) adjuvant that was applied in two different protocols (one dose and twodoses one month apart). The prepared vaccine was sterile and safe. It was found that a single dose of the vaccine inducedprotective neutralizing serum antibody titer from 2nd week post vaccination (PV), reached highest titer at 10th week PVand persisted in this protective titer until 34 weeks PV using SNT and confirmed using ELISA, however boostering ofanimals 4 weeks post preliminary vaccination increased the titer of the protective neutralizing antibodies and its timeduration to 44 weeks PV. Thus, in order to provide immunity that will last the entire season it is recommended that thevaccine should be administered short time before the onset of BEF season (summer season).
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31305_65f07bd104271337f236712808485771.pdf
2016-12-01
241
247
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31305
BEF
vaccine
Montanide ISA 206
SNT
ELISA
El-Bagoury
F.
1
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Habbaa
S.
2
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Amal
M.
3
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Nermeen
S.
4
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical and histopathological effect of probiotics on experimentallyinduced liver fibrosis in rat
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the biochemical effect of probiotics treatment on Thioacetamide (TAA)induced liver fibrosis in rats. Thirty white male Sprague Dewily rats of 8-10 weeks old and Weighing 150 to 200 g wereused in the experiment. Rats were randomly divided in to 2 main groups, 1st group acts as normal control, 2nd group wasinjected with TAA intraperitoneally (200mg/kg b.wt) twice a week for 6 weeks for the induction of liver fibrosis, afterthat the 2nd group was subdivided into 2 subgroups1st subgroup received no drugs and served as positive control, 2ndsubgroup was treated with a daily dose of probiotics (0.0128×109 bacteria per gram of rat body weight) which isequivalent to (135mg/kgb.wt) orally for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected twice after 3 and 6 weeks of probioticstreatment for biochemical examination, then rats were decapitated and liver specimens were collected forhistopathological examination. Intraperitoneal supplementation of TAA caused increase in serum level of AST, ALT,Tbil, Dbil and pro-inflammatory cytokines as TNFα and IL6, decrease in serum level of Albumin and total protein.Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed extensive degeneration, inflammatory infiltration and nodulation ofthe liver. Probiotics treatment revealed decrease in serum level of ALT, AST, Tbil, Dbil and pro-inflammatory cytokinesas TNFα and IL6, decrease in serum level of Albumin and Total protein. Moreover, histopathological examinationrevealed mild inflammation and less nodulation of the hepatic parenchyma.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31306_42afb947946f453c6504fc00ecb1ea78.pdf
2016-12-01
248
253
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31306
TAA
probiotics
TNFα
IL6
Liver fibrosis
Mahfouz
MK
1
Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Omnia
Abd El-Hamid
2
Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Emam
MA
3
Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Egypt
AUTHOR
Menna.
Bakr
4
Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
Aiming to raise the levels of immunity induced in dogs by the cell culture inactivated rabies vaccine, bee venom BV wassubjected to investigate its immune stimulant effect in vaccinated dogs. It was found that a dose of 1mg of BV/ dog didnot cause any post inoculation reaction showing its safety. Mutual vaccination of dogs with BV inoculation was carriedout in different groups of susceptible dogs of about 3-5 months’ age. Monitoring of the exhibited rabies antibodies invaccinated dogs using serum neutralization test (SNT) and indirect Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA)revealed that BV induced the highest levels of antibodies (128 by SNT and 7 log2 and 6 log2 by ELISA) when inoculatedbefore and simultaneously with rabies vaccine. Rabies vaccine alone or before inoculation of BV induced lower titers ofantibodies (32&64 and 5 & 6log2 by SNT and ELISA respectively) by the 4th week post vaccination. However, BV couldbe used to initiate the immune response of dogs to rabies vaccine.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31307_f9adf79e2da1d67a0696ce13d81e582a.pdf
2016-12-01
254
257
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31307
Bee venom
the immune response
rabies vaccine
ELISA
Eiaka
M.
1
Sera Plant, VACSERA
AUTHOR
El-Bagoury
F.
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Nahas
M.
3
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Khodeir
H.
4
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the antiviral effect of bee venom on rabies virus
It is an interesting thing to known the effect of natural matter as bee venom as antiviral agent and to any extent it couldbe used in case of experimental rabies infection. In vitro study revealed that different concentrations of bee venom (startedfrom the original concentration “1mg/ml” up to 1:1000) did not show any cell growth retarders or cellular changesshowing normal growth rate and normal cell shape. 1mg/ml and 100μgm/ml of bee venom were able to inhibit thereplication of 100 TCID50 of rabies virus (ERA strain) in using baby hamster kidney BHK cells while 10 and 1μgm/mlwere negative. In vivo study showed that mice received rabies immune globulin and BV were able to withstand the rabisinfection when the they were administrated on the o, 1st, 2nd and 3rd day post infection showing protection rate of 90 and80% respectively but those mice received the treatment on the following days did not survive the infection and showedparalysis of the hind limbs by the 4th day and died by the 6-7th day post infection. It could be concluded that bee venomcould be used in case of rabies infection when administrated on the suitable time post exposure
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31308_e729d48717e607be8173a0aae03404b1.pdf
2016-12-01
258
261
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31308
Antiviral
Bee venom
Rabies Virus
Eiaka
M.
1
Sera Plant, VACSERA
AUTHOR
El-Bagoury
F.
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
El-Nahas
M.
3
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Khodeir
H.
4
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biogenic Amines as Serious Residues in Street Vended Foods
One hundred and thirty-five random samples of street vended foods represented by kofta, hawawshi and liver (45 of each)were collected from Benha (15 of each product), Tukh (15 of each product) and Moshtohor (15 of each product) inKalyobia governorate for determination of their content of histamine and tyramine. The obtained results recorded that,the percentage of occurrence of histamine in Benha city were 73.33, 93.33 and 66.67 % in the kofta, hawawshi and liversamples, respectively. In Tukh center were 86.67, 100 and 73.33 % in the kofta, hawawshi and liver samples, respectively.Whereas in Moshtohor village were 100, 100 and 80.00 % in the kofta, hawawshi and liver samples, respectively.Furthermore, our results showed that the percentage of occurrence of tyramine in Benha city were 86.67, 100 and 73.33% in the kofta, hawawshi and liver samples, respectively. In Tukh center were 93.33, 100 and 73.33 % in the kofta,hawawshi and liver samples, respectively. Whereas in Moshtohor village were 100, 100 and 86.67 % in the kofta,hawawshi and liver samples, respectively. It could be inferred that regarding the products contamination, hawawshirepresented the highest histamine and tyramine contamination followed by kofta then liver. Regarding the locality,Moshtohor represented the highest contamination of both histamine and tyramine followed by Tukh then Benha city.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31309_32595570b59fcb3b8f09510de6a8a385.pdf
2016-12-01
262
266
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31309
street vendors
Liver
histamine
Tyramine
meat products
Suzan
Elsisy
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha Branch
AUTHOR
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
2
Food Hygiene Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Hassan
mohamed.hassan@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
3
Food Hygiene Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ali
Ali
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha Branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The bacteriological status of retail cheese in Zagazig city, Egypt
Cheese is one of the most popular dairy products in Egypt. It supplies the body with protein, fat, vitamins and minerals.Cheese may be exposed to bacterial contamination during manufacture, distribution and/or storage. This study wasundertaken to investigate the bacteriological status of different cheese types marketed in Zagazig city, Egypt. The obtainedresults showed that Roumy cheese had the highest total mesophilic and psychrophilic counts followed by white, soft andcheddar cheese types. Furthermore, the coliforms count and prevalence of different serotypes of E. coli in cheese sampleswere detected. In addition, the expression of shiga-toxin producing genes (stx1 & stx2) in the identified E. coli serotypeswas screened using multiplex PCR. The obtained results revealed that only E. coli O127:H6 had expressed both stx1 & stx2toxin producing genes, while E. coli O111:H4 had expressed only stx1 gene, however, both E. coli O124: H and O55:H7 hadexpressed stx2 gene. The public health importance of shiga-toxin producing E. coli was detected
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31310_2e397c02e94bc14785abe6dfea369208.pdf
2016-12-01
267
271
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31310
Bacteria
cheese
E. coli
Health Hazards
Seham
El-Badry
1
Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
Raslan
2
Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Utility of laboratory animals for relative potency evaluation of bovine respiratory viral vaccine
Current potency assay of bovine respiratory viral vaccines is routinely focused on vaccination antibody assay model insusceptiblecattle. Based on the published data among validity of rabbits as a laboratory animals that could be used toevaluate potency of many veterinary vaccines and difficulty in finding seronegative cattle to be used in potency assay ofbovine respiratory viral vaccines plus the need to carry batch to batch release potency test in less expensive way, Thepresent study was undertaken to address utility of rabbits for relative potency assay of a combined inactivated vaccine ofIBR, BVD,PI3 and BRS viruses in comparison with susceptible calves.Each of two batches of the local vaccine and oneimported vaccine was inoculated intramuscularly twice 14 days apart into one group of three seronegative cattle calvesusing its recommended dose, and one group of five adult bosket rabbits using 2/5 cattle dose of each vaccine.The testvaccine dose dependent immune response assays in calves and rabbits were conducted by inoculation of each of 1/2, 1/4and 1/8 the full dose of the tested vaccine in one group of each calves and rabbits. Serum samples were collected andmeasured by serum neutralization test. The tested vaccines were induced mean neutralizing antibody titer averages of(1.05 - 1.5), (1.5 - 1.56), (1.05 - 1.64) and (1.42 - 1.52)log10 in sera of immunized rabbits for BVD, IBR, PI-3 and BRSviruses respectively,and (1.65 - 1.75),(1.5 - 1.8), (1.44 - 1.9) and (1.6 - 1.65)log10 in sera of vaccinated calves for the sameviruses respectively by the 3th weekafter boostering; test vaccines seem to be potent in calves and immunogenic inrabbits.Averages of the Relative Potency ( RP ) that determined by dividing each mean virus neutralization antibody titerof log10in sera of the immunized rabbits by that of the vaccinated calves were (0.6 - 0.8), (0.8 - 1.0), (0.5 - 0.8) and (0.8 -0.9) for each of BVD, IBR, PI3 and BRS viruses respectively by the 3th weekafter boostering. However, the results of thevaccine dose dependent-immune response in both of immunized rabbits and vaccinated calves are proved the sensitivityof rabbits in parallel with calves to the reduced doses of one of the tested vaccines; the reduced doses of the vaccine wereinduced a considerable regressed antibody titers in serum of immunized rabbits as in vaccinated calves. In conclusion,the present data indicate that the rabbits constitute as useful suggestive laboratory animals for potency evaluation of thebovine combined respiratory inactivated viral vaccines instead of cattle calves
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31313_ae4da0b0a272fc69b43bad8831c5bc62.pdf
2016-12-01
272
275
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31313
Rabbits
potency evaluation
viral vaccines
Effat
El Sayed
1
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hanaa
Mostafa
2
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nermeen
Shafik
3
Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of food borne pathogens from retail chicken
Food borne pathogens are a serious public health problem. Poultry are often associated with food borne disease outbreaks.The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of food borne pathogens associated with manipulation ofchicken meat contaminated with Salmonella spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp. and Listeriamonocytogenes. 104 retail chicken meat samples were examined (51 imported frozen chicken meats and 53 local chickenmeats). Salmonella was detected in the percentage of 3.8% (4/104), 1 isolate was S. Kentucky and 3 were S. Magherafelt.E. coli were isolated with percentage of 35.6% (37/104) with different serotypes. On the other hands isolation of S. aureuswas 27.9% (29/104) revealed from 8 local chicken’s samples and 21 imported frozen chicken’s samples. WhileCampylobacter appeared with percentage reached to 4.8% (5/104) after confirmation with PCR, which identifiedCampylobacter coli. There is no record for Listeria Monocytogens, but Listeria spp. was present with percentage of 26.9%(28/104). The identification of typical colonies revealed L. Ivanovi and L. Welshimeri
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31314_caf99b573f418c7c054d1c5894c0b220.pdf
2016-12-01
276
282
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31314
Chicken meats
Salmonella
Listeria monocytogen
Campylobacter
Staphylococcus aureus
E. coli
Heba
Badr
drheba_badr@yahoo.com
1
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry production, Animal Health Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki P.O. Box 246, Giza 12618, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nayera
AlAtfeehy
2
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry production, Animal Health Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki P.O. Box 246, Giza 12618, Egypt
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
3
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry production, Animal Health Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki P.O. Box 246, Giza 12618, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and some chemical adulterants in raw Milk
Milk is essential for the nourishment of children and adult life providing their daily food requirements. Aflatoxins aremycotoxins have been produced by some species of Aspergillus. Ingested Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are metabolised intocarcinogenic Aflatoxins M1 (AFM1) which are eliminated through milk. Also, seller and producer add chemicalsubstances (adulterants) to milk to increase its shelf life. Adulteration is defined as removal or replacement of milkcomponents and an addition of substances without a consumer’s knowledge which is banned. The presence of mycotoxinsor chemical adulterants has serious health risk. The present study evaluated 60 samples of cow’s raw milk in El- Minufiagovernorate for the presence of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and some chemical adulterants. Also, its chemical composition(fat, S.N.F and protein). The result indicated that 16.7%, 8.33% of tested samples contained aflatoxins M1 and aflatoxinsM2 respectively. All the tested samples were free from ochratoxins. Also, 88.33% of collected milk samples containeddifferent chemical adulterants; inhibitory substances (70%), formalin (41.67%), water (37.5%), hydrogen peroxide (20%),boric acid (16.70%), carbonate and bicarbonate (8.30%), nitrate (5%). Moreover, 50% and 54.17% of milk samples wereless than the legal requirement for fat and S.N.F respectively; then protein was decreased in 41.67% of samples. Thepresent study recommended to monitor the marketing of milk by instructions and rules, which include the standards ofthe sold milk and to control the milk quality to be safe for the consumer
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31315_8e5d13125a9fe14295c916b11ce8517d.pdf
2016-12-01
283
288
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31315
Milk
Aflatoxins
ochratoxins
chemical adulterants
Minufia
Ola
Talkhan
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt
AUTHOR
Flourage
Rady
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt
AUTHOR
Eman
Mohamed
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on the hygienic status of animal carcasses and their contact surfaces in some butchery shops
Cross-contamination of animal carcasses and their contact surfaces at any stage of meat handling is one major aspect inproduction of meat of high keeping quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the hygienic status of theanimal carcasses (cattle, buffaloes, camel and sheep) and their contact surfaces (cutting boards, walls, knives, and butcherhands) in butchery shops among urban and rural areas in Sharkia province, Egypt. Microbial indicators for the hygienicmeasures adopted at butchery shops including total bacterial counts (TBC), total Enterobacteriacae counts (TEC), mostprobable number (MPN) of coliforms, total Staphylococcus aureus counts (TSC), total mould counts (TMC) and totalyeast counts (TYC) were investigated. The results achieved in this study declared that cross-contamination of animalcarcasses and their contact surfaces is well-observed and should be considered as an important factor that should beincluded in the microbiological risk assessments. Therefore, we recommend adoption of strict hygienic measures in allhandling steps of animal carcasses
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31316_c5cc96801027ff3a416a226813cbde72.pdf
2016-12-01
289
296
10.21608/bvmj.2016.31316
Butchery shops
animal carcasses
hygienic measures
Wageh
Darwish
wagehdarwish@zu.edu.eg
1
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Tharwat
2
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amira
Atia
3
Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
AUTHOR