ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Enhancing effects of Calcium phosphate nanoparticles adjuvant on the Immune response in calves vaccinated with Foot and Mouth Disease trivalent vaccine
Nanotechnology plays a unique and novel role to develop new methods for adjuvant preparation, whichplay an important role in the efficacy of vaccines. In this study we have studied the effects of Calciumphosphate nanoparticles (CaP) magnitude and type of immunity elicited in response to inactivated FMD trivalent vaccine. Acomprehensive sero-immunological study was conduced to reveal the adjuvant's effect of Calciumphosphate nanoparticles on the immune response to oil adjuvanted trivalent Foot and Mouth Disease(FMD) in vaccinated calves. This study was conducted in three calve groups; group (A) vaccinatedsubcutaneously with trivalent oil FMD vaccine, group (B) vaccinated subcutaneously with trivalentFMD vaccine adjuvanted with Calcium Phosphate nonaoparticles (10 mg/dose).While group (C)vaccinated subcutaneously with trivalent FMD vaccine adjuvanted with both oil and CaP nanoparticles.The humeral and cellular immunoresponses were monitored in different tested groups. Results indicatedthat the incorporation of Calcium phosphate nanoparticles into inactivated FMD vaccine induces anincrease of the specific protective immune response. Higher and longer period of immuneresponses were found in calves vaccinated with both oil and Calcium phosphate nanoparticlesadjuvanted vaccine up to 40 week, while those vaccinated with Calcium Phosphate nanoparticles andwith oil vaccine showed protected immunity up to 36 and 32 weeks respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31853_b4abca9cc5d6bd8664ee95349f6c7ce8.pdf
2015-06-01
1
11
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31853
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles
Foot and Mouth Disease
calves
Sonia
Rizk
1
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abo Bakr
Agoor
2
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ekbal
Farok
3
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hind
daoud
4
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hiam
Fakhry
5
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Correlation between foot-and-mouth disease virus antigenic mass, titer and immune response in vaccinated sheep
The antigen mass load of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the critical clues to produce apotent vaccine. In the current work, the quantification of the virus 146S antigen content was describedand the relationship between antigen mass in the vaccine and the immune response to FMDV invaccinated sheep were investigated. It was found that FMD vaccine containing at least 1.5 μg/2ml (smallruminant dose) or 3 μg/2ml (cattle and buffaloes dose) from each serotype of FMDV 146S particles andvirus titers 6.55-7.3 log10 TCID50/ml gave protective immune response against FMDV. Moreover,relying on the antigenic mass coupled to ultrafiltration of the virus was showed to be of better qualityand potency than depending on the volume of the virus suspensions in the formulation of FMD vaccine;however, the former technology needs with standing more cost and effort
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31855_e11425784811fccefc4e53cef8a686c9.pdf
2015-06-01
12
19
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31855
Foot-and-Mouth disease virus
146S, antigen mass
Ultrafiltration
Hany
Abu-Elnaga
h.abu-elnaga@hotmail.com
1
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hossam
Fawzy
2
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ekbal
Farouk
3
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ehab
Ibrahim
4
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Gamil
5
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Said
Zidan
6
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of Inactivated Equine Influenza H3N8 Vaccine Adjuvanted with Montanide Pet Gel A
This study demonstrated the use of MONTANIDE PET GEL A as polymeric adjuvant in locallyprepared inactivated Equine influenza (EI) vaccine. Safety and potency of the prepared vaccine werestudied by inoculation into guinea pigs and horses and evaluated using Haem agglutination inhibition(HI) test. The vaccine was proved safe and potent for horses and guinea pigs. The mean HI antibodytiters in sera of guinea pigs and horses at 3 weeks post vaccination were (752.4 and 144), respectively.The antibody titers in vaccinated horses were monitored where they lasted in their sera within theprotective level (80) up to 9 months post vaccination. Therefore, we recommended the use of Montanidepet gel A as adjuvant for horse vaccines.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31856_1893552a6af6ba74d417b46eed0bdc7f.pdf
2015-06-01
20
25
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31856
montanide pet gel
Equine influenza
inactivated vaccine
Eman
Ebied
1
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on Inactivated Equine herpesvirus-1 Vaccine Adjuvanted with Montanide Pet Gel A
The study reported here is a part of a long-term research effort designed in our lab to select the bestadjuvant, which can be used with Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) inactivated vaccine to induce goodimmune response in horses without any undesirable post vaccinal reaction. This study was carried outon Montanide pet gel A, which is an innovative adjuvant developed for companion animals. To evaluatethe safety and potency of EHV-1 inactivated vaccine adjuvanted with Montanide pet gel A, It wasinoculated into Guinea pigs as a preliminary evaluation, given mean complement fixing antibody titersof 67 and 176 at 21and 35 days post inoculation (dpi) respectively, and mean ELISA antibody titers of680 and 1322.5 were recorded at 21and 35 dpi respectively, There was no any undesirable post vaccinalreaction in horses inoculated with the prepared vaccine. The immune response of the inoculated horseswas monitored up to eight months post inoculation (mpi), Found that the peak of complement fixing andELISA antibody mean titer was 213.3 and 1335 at 2.5 and 3 mpi respectively. ELISA antibodiespersisted up to 6 mp. In conclusion, the prepared EHV-1 inactivated vaccine adjuvanted with montanidepet gel A is highly safe and potent for Horses.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31857_6790e8085fdd9d6c45c5ad4b3c04549a.pdf
2015-06-01
26
33
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31857
montanide pet gel
Equine herpesvirus-1
inactivated vaccine
Nehal
Saleh
1
Veterinary Serum and vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of canine parvovirus hyperimmune serum prepared in horses for treatment of canine parvo and feline panleucopenia infections
Anti-canine parvovirus hyper immune serum was successfully prepared in horses where it was found tohave specific canine parvovirus (CPV) neutralizing antibodies of a titer 1024/ml as determined by serumneutralization test (SNT). Quality control testing of such serum revealed that it is free from bacterial,fungal and mycoplasma contaminants as tested on specific media and safe as tested in puppies. Passiveimmunization of CPV naturally and experimentally infected dogs and feline panleucopenia (FPL)naturally infected cats with the prepared antiserum through inoculation of 2ml/ animal I/M for 5successive days prevent the disease progress and mortality when administrated 2 days before infectionand up to 3 days post experimental infection. The protection decreased to 66% with delayed treatmenton the 4th day and become non protective at the 5th day post experimental infection. So it could beconcluded that specific anti-CPV hyper immune serum could aid to treat or even decrease the dangersof CPV and FPL infection among dogs and cats when administered early to infected animals
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31858_ac1928177f9a1152955053e0dfa00805.pdf
2015-06-01
34
39
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31858
canine parvo virus
feline panleucopenia
hyperimmune serum
Attyat
Kotb
1
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute; Abassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
Wafaa
Abdel Aziz
2
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute; Abassia, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Prebiotic and Probiotic on Growth, Immuno-hematological responses and Biochemical Parameters of infected rabbits with Pasteurella multocida
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of prebiotic (Bio-Mos®,mannoligosacchride), probiotic (Bio-Plus® 2B, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) and theirmixture on growth, biochemical parameters and immune-hematological responses of rabbits. Sixty fourNew Zealand White male rabbits were divided into 2 equal groups. The 1st group was uninfected andsubdivided into 4 subgroups. The 1st subgroup fed basal diet (Control), the 2nd, 3rd and 4th subgroups fed onbasal diet supplemented with 1 g Bio-Mos, 0.4 g Bio-Plus and 1g Bio-MOS + 0.4 g Bio-Plus / kg,respectively for eight weeks. The 2nd group was similar to the 1st group but experimentally infected withPasteurella multocida. The results in 1st group showed significant increase (P<0.01) in body weight gain,phagocytic activity (PA), phagocytic index (PI) and total leukocytic counts (TLC) when compared withcontrol group 1.1. In addition, there was significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides andglucose when compared with control group 1.1. In 2nd group , the results showed significant increase(P<0.05) in body weight gain, (P˂0.001) in phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, RBCS count,PCV, Hb concentration, and number of lymphocytes while TLC and number of heterophils showedsignificant decrease(P<0.001) when compared with control group 2.1 .Also there was significant decrease(P<0.05) in food conversion ratio (FCR), (P<0.01) in total cholesterol and creatinine and (P<0.001) innumber of heterophils, triglycerides, glucose, alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and urea in all infected groups fed experimental diets compared with control group2.1.Supplementing the diet with Bio-Mos, Bio-Plus or their mixture decreased the mortality andimproved the adverse clinical signs and post mortem lesions in all experimentally infected groupscompared with infected untreated control group. Our results indicate that rabbits received mixture of preand probiotic groups 1.4 and 2.4 recorded the highest value of daily weight gain, PA, PI, TLC andlymphocytes number and recorded the lowest FCR followed by rabbits received probiotic. Dietarysupplementation of prebiotic and probiotic and their mixture improves cell-mediated immune response,liver and kidney functions , decreased the mortality and improved the adverse clinical signs and postmortem lesions in in rabbits experimentally infected with P. multocida.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31859_eea34af93a18025cb81295cce1b34ae8.pdf
2015-06-01
40
51
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31859
Pasteurella multocida
Phagocytic activity
prebiotic
probiotic
Doaa
Abdelhady
1
Department of Clinical Pathology , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, 33516, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
AUTHOR
Moshira
El-Abasy
2
Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, 33516, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacterial Status of Fresh Marketed Chicken Meat cuts-up
This study was conducted to evaluate bacteriological contamination of fresh marketed chicken cuts-up,and their hazards on public health. A grand total of 100 random samples of chicken breast and thigh(50 of each)were collected from different retail shops for bacteriological examination. The mean valuesof APC, Coliform and staph. aureus counts(log cfu/g) were7.83±0.01, 4.68± 0.02and 6.88 ± 0.01 in theexamined chicken breast samples, respectively, while they were 7.94±0.03, 4.90±0.01,6.79 ± 0.007 and6.98 ± 0.01 in the examined chicken thigh samples, respectively. The incidence of isolated E.coli washigher in the examined thigh samples (88%) than breast samples (70%). Moreover, the serologicallyidentified E. coli were Enteropathogenic E. coli (O55 :H7,and O78), Enterotoxogenic E. coli(O125:H18, O128:H2 and O127:H6), Enteroheamorrhagic E. coli(O26 and O111:H4) andEnteroinvasive E. coli (O124). The public health importance of the isolated microorganisms and therecommended points were discussed.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31863_a08d2ec7a314aef2c526c0a931d70a0d.pdf
2015-06-01
52
57
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31863
Chicken meat
APC
Staph. aureus
Coliform
E.coli
Edris
A.M
1
Food control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
2
Food control Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University
AUTHOR
Marionet
Nassif
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha branch
AUTHOR
Marwa
Mahmoud
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological assessment of Street Vended Meat Products sandwiches in kalyobia Governorate
Contamination of ready-to-eat foods sold by street vendors rendering them unacceptable for humanconsumption and become a global health problem. This study aimed to examine the quality and safetyof street vended meat products in kalyobia governorate . Eighty samples of meat products including 20samples each of beef burger, kofta, sausages and hawawshi were randomly collected from the streetvendorsin kalyobia governorate to evaluate their bacteriological quality. The results revealed that themean values of APC, Enterobacteriaceae, coliform and staphylococcus counts (cfu /g) were 3.97×105,5.82×103, 6.53×102 and 2.76×103 for burger , 8.51×105, 7.15×103, 9.25×102 and 5.41×103 for kofta,1.33×106, 9.91×103, 4.38×103 and 1.23×104 for sausage , 6.76×106, 4.07×104, 1.12×104 and 6.11×104for hawawshi respectively. Also Staph. aureus were isolated with an incidence of 40% , 45% , 55%and70% ( with mean value of 7.54×102 , 8.13×102 , 1.96×103 and 4.28×103 cfu/g)from the examinedsamples of burger, kofta, sausage and hawawshi, respectively. Also the incidences of isolation of E.colifrom the same examined samples were 10% ,15%, 25% and 30%, respectively. The obtained resultswere compared to the published microbiological guidelines for RTE food of center of food safety(2014)to assess their bacteriological quality and It was recommended that this guidelines may be adaptedlocally(for RTE Egyptian food) until more precise microbial criteria for this food type could bedeveloped through an appropriate scientific process.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31866_e33f9f4c5bb67c004df0637d09c7948f.pdf
2015-06-01
58
66
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31866
Street Vended
cooked
meat products
Staph. aureus
E. coli
Fahim
Shaltout
fahim.shaltout@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
1
Food Hygiene Dep., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha Univ.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
El-Shater
2
Animal Health Research "Doki"
AUTHOR
Wafaa
Abd El-Aziz
3
Animal Health Research "Benha branch"
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of C. perfringens toxins in vacuum packaged meat products by using polymerase chain reaction
A total of 100 random samples of vacuum packaged meat products represented by sausage ̦ luncheon ̦frunkfurter and salami (25 of each) were collected from different supermarkets in Cairo, Giza andKalyobia governments. The prevalence of total anaerobes was 84%with account ranged between<10and5.38 with a mean 3.58±0.36 for sausage, 56% with account ranged between<10and 3.92 with a meanvalue 1.76±0.33 for salami total anaerobes in and 60% with account ranged between <10 and 5.73 witha mean 2.55±0.44for luncheon. The incidence of Clostridia perfringens isolated from the examinedsamples of vacuum packaged salami, sausage, luncheon and frunkfurter was 44%, 80%, 32% and 0%respectively. The enterotoxins of Clostridia perfringens isolated from the examined meat products bytraditional methods were type A and type C. Agarose gel electrophoresis of multiplex PCR of specificprimers for characterization of enterotoxins (A, C & D) of C. perfringens indicated that sausage hadenterotoxin type A and enterotoxin type C, luncheon had enterotoxin type A, enterotoxin type C andenterotoxin D, however salami had enterotoxin type A and type D
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31868_28d91b2bf9c42d6bc9009f0230d2c4df.pdf
2015-06-01
67
73
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31868
Vacuum packed
meat products
Enterotoxins
PCR
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
El-Shater
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Marwa
Mohammed
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological evaluation of freshly slaughtered chicken carcasses
A grand total of 100 random samples of chicken carcasses were collected from local commercial retailshops in BeniSuef city. All samples were bacteriologically examined for determination of aerobic platecount (APC), psychrotrophic count, Enterobacteriaceae count, Coliforms count, Staphylococcus countand Staphylococcus aureus count. The mean values were 6.18 ± 0.67, 3.31 ± 1.33, 3.91 ± 0.96, 2.07 ±1.87, 3.50 ± 1.68 and 2.71 ± 1.67 log cfu/g, respectively. Moreover, this study aimed to isolate andidentify Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Listeria monocytogens, their prevalencepercentages were 12%, 73%, 4% and 6 %, respectively, while clostridium perfringens and E.coliO157:H7 failed to be detected in the examined samples. Salmonella could be serologically identified asS. typhimurium, S.virchow and S.enteric with percentages of 41.70 %, 41.70 % and 16.60 %,respectively. Moreover, the isolated serotypes of E. coli were E. coli O55 and E. coli O86 A withpercentages of 50% and 50% for each one, respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31869_c4b861fd0d543b79adf4ed60232bcc14.pdf
2015-06-01
74
82
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31869
chicken carcasses
Bacteriological Quality
APC
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
El-Shater
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki,Giza
AUTHOR
Salwa
Hafez
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki,Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Decontamination of inoculated chicken carcasses by using some microbial decontaminators
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of three decontaminators in reducing the level ofcontamination in chicken carcasses which had been artificially contaminated. A grand total of fortyrandom samples of raw chicken carcasses were purchased directly from local markets. Chicken sampleswere then dipped in cultures of the tested microorganisms (Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus,E.coli O157:H7 and L. monoctogens) (10 samples for each microorganism). Then dipped intocontainers containing distilled water (control) , chlorine 30 ppm, 50 ppm and 70 ppm, trisodiumphosphate 3%, 5% an 8% and lactic acid 0.75%, 1.25% and 2% , where the reduction percentage ofSalmonella were 26.02 %, 26.57 %, 29.16 %, 34.88% , 36.78 %, 38.01 %, 35.42 %, 40.87 % and 54.50%, respectively, compared to control. while the reduction of Listeria monocytogenes was 16.64 %,20.60% , 30.43% , 21.74 %, 21.74 %, 25.14 %, 22.87 %, 30.24 % and 39.89 % respectively . Moreover, the reduction percentages of S. aureus was 14.29 %, 15.70 %, 19.58% , 8.11 %, 10.58 %, 27.69 %,17.28 %, 21.34 % and 27.87 % , respectively . Finally, the reduction percentage of E.coli O157:H7 was9.56 %, 16.61 %, 20.47 %, 17.45%, 21.48 %, 27.85 %, 18.12%, 19.97% and 29.70 %, respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31871_fdb2f091ad5f9627456fce00dded1c91.pdf
2015-06-01
83
90
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31871
Chlorine
TSP
lactic acid
chicken carcasses
Decontamination
Saad
Saad
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
3
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Elshater
A.
4
Department of Food Hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
Salwa
Hafez
5
Department of Food Hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological aspect of meat and poultry meat meals
Ninety random samples were collected from different restaurants in Benha city to evaluate theirbacteriological quality. The mean values of APC, coliform, staphylococcus counts (cfu /g) were 2.69x105 0.47x105, 5.54x103 0.96x103& 2.31 x 103 0.49 x 103 for beef kofta,7.34x104 1.22x104,1.73x103 0.51x103&1.57 x 103 0.36x 103for beef burger, 3.16x 104 0.60 x 104 , 1.01 x 1030.27 x103& 6.29 x 102 1.14x102 for beef shawerma, 6.23 x 105 1.14x105, 8.52x103 2.04x103& 4.64 x 1030.85 x 103 for chicken kofta,3.58 x 105 0.72 x 105, 2.39 x 103 0.61 x 103& 2.73 x 103 0.52 x 103 forchicken burger and 5.91x104 1.08x104 , 1.81x103 0.35x103 & 9.42x103 2.23x103 for chickenshawerma, respectively. The results declared that 18isolates of E.coli were identified from examinedready to eat meat and poultry meat meals with varying percentages. Accurately, O26: H11, O111 :H4, O114:H21 ,O128 :H2 ,O124 ,O127 :H6,O1 :H7, O78, O125 :H18, O78, O119: H4 E.coli strains were serologicallyidentified from such examined samples. Also,47 isolates of coagulase positive St.aureus were isolatedfrom the examined ready to eat meat and poultry meat meals represented as 60% from beef kofta,46.67% from beef burger, 40% from beef shawerma, 60% from chicken koft , 53.33% from chickenburger, 53.33% from chicken shawerma samples.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31872_7d535e0d5ce829f29fddf22e537518a7.pdf
2015-06-01
91
97
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31872
Poultry meat
E. coli
meat products
S. aureus
Fatin
Hassanien
1
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
El-Shater
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Rabab
Abd El-Fatah
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Benha
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Health hazards of Aflatoxin and virulent genes of Staph aureus enterotoxins in yoghurt
Eighty random samples of plain and flavored yoghurt (40of each) were collected from differentsupermarkets in Menoufia Governorate. The collected samples were transferred immediately to thelaboratory in an icebox for mycological, bacteriological examination, estimation of aflatoxins producedby certain species of moulds and enterotoxins types A and D produced by Staph. aureus. Mould wasdetected in (82.5%) of plain yoghurt samples and (97.5%) of flavored yoghurt samples. Aspergillus andPencillium genera were frequently detected than other genera of fungi. Aspergillus spp. were the mostdominant in the contaminated samples, (40%) in both plain and flavored yoghurt followed by Pencilliumspp (30%) of plain yoghurt and (25%) of flavored yoghurt. Aspergillus spp. A. flavus and A. niger werethe major isolates. A. flavus was isolated from plain and flavored yoghurt with apercentages of 50% and62.5%, respectively. While, A. niger was (25% and 12.5%) from plain and flavored yoghurt,respectively. The four samples of plain yoghurt contaminated by A. flavus were analyzed for AFM1.They were positive in range from 0.049-0.472 ppb, while other four samples were free. Moreover,flavored yoghurt showed five samples contaminated with AFM1 in concentration of 0.061-0.586 ppb,while, other five samples were negative. The incidence of Staph. aureus in the collected plain andflavored yoghurt samples was 20% and 25%, respectively .The average count of Staph. aureus in theexamined plain and flavored yoghurt samples was 1.20x10³± 0.15x10³ and 1.53x10³± 0.22x10³ cfu/g,respectively. The isolated Staph. aureus from plain and flavored yoghurt produced SEA and SEDenterotoxins with a percentage of (12.5 % , 12.5 % , 10 % and 10 % ), respectively.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31874_5df2e8f5f52abc599da8af6285af1456.pdf
2015-06-01
98
106
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31874
public health
Aflatoxin M1
Staph. Aureus enterotoxins
Dina
Dina
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin El Koom branch, Department of Food Hygiene
AUTHOR
Shaimaa
Nada
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin El Koom branch, Department of Food Hygiene
AUTHOR
Nermeen
Ghzaly
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin El Koom branch, Department of Mycology
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus and its enterotoxins in yoghurt
A total of 50 samples of balady and automatically packaged plain yoghurt (25 of each) were collectedfrom different dairy shops, groceries and supermarkets at Kalubia Governorates. The collected sampleswere transferred immediately to the laboratory in an ice box for detection of Staph.aureus,itsenterotoxins produced and detection of virulent genes responsible for enterotoxins production. Theobtained results revealed that, Staph. aureus could be detected in three samples (12%) and two samples(8%) of examined balady and automatically packaged plain yoghurt, respectively. Isolated strains weretested for detection of enterotoxins producing genes by using PCR. The obtained results showed thatone strain belonged to each of balady and automatically packaged plain yoghurt proved to have genetype (A) and (D), respectively. Also detection of enterotoxins by using ELISA revealed that one strainof both balady and automatically packaged plain yoghurt was enterotoxigenic, types (A) and (D)production at percentage of (33.33% and 50%), respectively. The public health importance and hygienicsignificance of the isolated Staph. aureus and their entertoxins as well as the suggested measures forimproving the quality and safety of the yoghurt was discussed
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_31875_5e3004aa1a2e07a058145a91ee924f4d.pdf
2015-06-01
107
114
10.21608/bvmj.2015.31875
yoghurt
Staph. aureus
Enterotoxins
PCR
Eman
Mohamed
1
Animal Health Research Institute, Shibin El-kom branch, Food Hygiene Dept.
AUTHOR
Ebtesam
Mazyed
2
Animal Health Research Institute, Doki, Giza, Bacteriological, serology Dept.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Incidence of some pathogenic microorganisms in bulk tank milk in some farms of Gharbia governorate
Milk and its products can harbor a variety of microorganisms and can be important sources of food bornepathogens. The presence of food borne pathogens in milk is due to direct contact with contaminated sourcesin the dairy farm environment and to excretion from the udder of an infected animal. The foodbornepathogens can reach humans by direct contact, ingestion of raw contaminated milk or cheese, orcontamination during the processing of milk products. Isolation of bacterial pathogens with similar biotypesfrom dairy farms and from outbreaks of human disease substantiates this hypothesis. This study wasconducted to determine the incidence of some pathogenic micro organisms in bulk tank milk from 3 dairyfarms in Gharbia governorate, Egypt. Staphylococcus aureas, Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichiacoli were detected with percentages of 37.5, 6.25 and 12.5% in examined bulk milk samples collected fromfarm I, 25, 12.5 and 25% from farm II and 12.5, zero, and 12.5% from farm III., respectively. The presenceof these pathogenic microorganisms in bulk tank milk contribute a potential risk to public health, thesefindings underscore the need to control them and to limit bacterial multiplication in bulk tank milk
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32486_a7c67644afcde60a2c1968b102e9f811.pdf
2015-06-01
115
122
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32486
Bulk tank milk
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus agalactiae
Escherichia coli
Tamer
El-Sharawey
1
Department of Food Control, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
Eid
amalaeidvet@gmail.com
2
Department of Food Control, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ekbal
Ibrahim
iqbal.abdo@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
3
Department of Milk Hygiene and Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Hend
El Barbary
4
Department of Milk Hygiene and Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aerobic spore formers in battered and breaded fish products
A total of 90random samples of half cooked battered breaded fish products represented by fish pane,fish fingers and fish nuggets (30 0f each) were collected from different supermarkets in Kalyoubiagovernorate. The samples were examined for sensory evaluation and detection of aerobic spore formersto assure their quality. The obtained results indicated that the mean sensory panel scores for color,adhesion, texture and overall acceptability were2.96, 2.93, 2.88 and 2.92for fish panne, 2.90, 3.13,2.67and 2.90.for fish fingers and 2.93, 3.16, 2.56 and 2.89 for fish nuggets, respectively. Mean countvalues of APC and aerobic spore former count (cfu/g) were1.07×104± 0.35×105 and 2.084×103 for fishpanne, 8.33×104± 1.04×104 and 6.54×102 for fish finger and 2.61×105± 1.73×104 and 2.44×103 for fishnuggets, respectively. The public health significance of the isolated bacteria was discussed
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32487_e6a91acd23f0c8bdb8b74ffecd53a1d2.pdf
2015-06-01
123
128
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32487
Battered and breaded fish products
Sensory evaluation
Aerobic spore former
Hemmat
Ibrahim
drhemmat01@yahoo.com
1
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Nahla
Shawky
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Shebin El-Koom Branch
AUTHOR
Suzan
Sheir
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Shebin El-Koom Branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of Tuberculosis in slaughtered food animals by using recent technique
Bovine tuberculosis is still a major infectious disease among animal population and its transmission tohuman constitutes a public health problem. This study aimed to application of recent technique such asPCR for detection of tuberculosis among cattle and buffaloes carcasses. A grand total of 52 animals (40cattle and 12 buffaloes) were routinely examined in the slaughterhouses of Dakahlia governorate, Egyptduring the year 2014 for detection of tuberculosis. The suspected tuberculous lesions collected fromcattle were 19 from respiratory, 8 from digestive, 12 from head and 1 generalized lesion. While inbuffaloes, the tuberculous lesions were 3 from respiratory, 5 from digestive and 4 from head lesions.The bacteriological examination revealed that the isolation rate of Mycobacterium bovis (M.bovis) was75% and 58.3% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The PCR technique was applied to confirm theresults of bacteriological examination on 10 isolates of different mycobacteria and revealed 6 M.bovisisolates were positive with high sensitivity and specificity (100%)
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32488_73b2401ce1a4747a2f3c6d132c5ddf37.pdf
2015-06-01
129
134
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32488
Bovine tuberculosis
PCR
Cattle Carcass
mycobacterium bovis
Reham
Amin
rehamnour2007@yahoo.com
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Essam
Nasr
2
Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia
AUTHOR
Ahmed
El-Gaml
3
Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura
AUTHOR
El-Saeed
Saafan
4
Department of Meat hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriological evaluation of half cooked chicken meat products
A total of 60 random samples of half cooked chicken meat products (chicken nuggets, chicken hot wingsand frozen chicken shawerma) were collected from different supermarkets at El- Dakahlyia, El-Kalyobiaand El-Gharbia governorates for bacteriological examination. The obtained results indicated that thereis a high significance difference (P<0.01) between examined samples of chicken meat products for APC,total staphylococci count and total enterococci count as a result of product type. E.coli was isolatedfrom 25%, 5% and 10% of examined samples of chicken nuggets, chicken hot wings and frozen chickenshawerma, respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32490_ad6ad8eb9953f27fe17a8385134685d7.pdf
2015-06-01
135
140
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32490
Half cooked
Chicken meat
Bacteriology
enterococci
Saad
Saad
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Abo Bakr
Edris
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Hassan
3
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Shimaa
Edris
4
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibiotic sensitivity of Salmonella species isolated from chicken meat products
A total of 120 random samples of fully and half cooked chicken meat products (60 of each) werecollected from different supermarkets at El- Dakahlyia , El-Kalyobia and El-Gharbia governorates forisolation of Salmonellae and detection of their antimicrobial sensitivity. The obtained results indicatedthat Salmonellae were isolated from the examined samples of chicken nuggets , chicken hot wings,chicken shawerma (half cooked), chicken luncheon ,chicken frankfurter and chicken shawerma (fullycooked) with percentages of 25%, 25%, 30%, 0%, 15% and 35%, respectively. Moreover, the isolatedSalmonellae could be serologically identified as S. typhimurium, S. anatum, S. enteritidis, S. kentucky,S. muenster and S. virchow. Moreover, Salmonellae appeared resistant to Nalidixic acid (100%). Incontrast, Gentamycin had the basic effect on viability of Salmonellae followed by Kanamycin andNorfloxacin.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32491_48270c0461782d85758d8e39d7a88221.pdf
2015-06-01
141
146
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32491
Salmonella
antibiotic
chicken hot wings
Saad
Saad
1
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Abo Bakr
Edris
2
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Hassan
3
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Shimaa
Edris
4
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical effects of spirulina platensis against oxidative stress caused by doxorubicin
Doxorubicin (DOX ) is an anthracycline derivative antibiotic, used as anticancer agent, it causesgeneration of free radicals and induces oxidative stress, associated with cellular injury and participatein hepatonephrotoxicity in normal human cells .The protective effect of Spirulina Platensis (SP) , afilamentous blue green algae , on Doxorubicin induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity was evaluatedin male rats. Oral administration of water extract of Spirulina (1000 mg/kg/b.wt) for six weeks followingan acute toxic dose of Doxorubicin ( 1.0 mg/kg/b.wt) , reduces the hepatotoxicity and attenuatesdoxorubicin-induced stress .The post-treatment with Spirulina reduces the activity of Liver markerenzymes such as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Renalfunction disorders represented by urea. The ratio of decrease were lower in the first three weeks ifcompared with the last three weeks. On the other hand, Oral administration of Spirulina extract for sixweeks following an acute toxic dose of Doxorubicin, led to an obvious increase in the activity ofantioxidant Parameters including Catalase ( CAT ) and Super Oxide Dismutase ( SOD ). The resultsclearly demonstrate that Spirulina treatment augments the antioxidants defense mechanism in Doxinduced toxicity and provides evidence that it may have a therapeutic role in free radical mediateddiseases.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32493_a6938d38e07653499f3fabbfbfeec2af.pdf
2015-06-01
147
154
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32493
Doxorubicin (DOX )
Spirulina Platensis (SP)
Oxidative Stress
Mohamed
Hassanen
1
Department. Of Biochemistry,Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Mahfouz
2
Department. Of Biochemistry,Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ayman
Farid
ayman.samir@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
3
Department. Of Clinical Pathology, Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Fadlullah
4
Department. Of Clinical Pathology, Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical effects of cranberry extract in experimentally induced myocardial necrosis in rats
The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of cranberry extract (75 and150mg/kg.b.w.) against nicotine-induced heart toxicity in rats. Oral administration of nicotine(2.5mg/kg.b.w.) led to significant increase in plasma transaminases (L-alanine and L-aspartate), lactatedehydrogenase (LDH), creatine Kinase (CK), and TBARS as well as plasma total- and direct bilirubin,triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. Also, treatment of rats with nicotine led tosignificant decrease in heart and plasma GSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) as well asheart transaminases (L-alanine and L-aspartate) and plasma HDL. The obtained result revealed thatcranberry extract (75 and 150 mg/kg. b.w.) prevents heart damage through increasing of GSH, SOD andCAT activities and decrease significantly TBARs level. These results suggest that, cranberry may beeffective in the protection of heart toxicity by its radical scavenging effect and antioxidant activity
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32494_b422e80fcd76e4f3497ff233e7f222cf.pdf
2015-06-01
155
162
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32494
Nicotine
heart toxicity
cranberry
Antioxidant enzymes
Lipid profile
GSH
Hussien
Ali
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Hussein
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University.
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Barakat
3
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant oils against Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in -vitro
A total of 100 samples were collected (75 samples from diseased broiler chickens and 25 samples fromrecently dead broiler chickens). The samples were examined bacteriological, fifty two isolates of E.coli(52%) and seven isolates of Salmonellae (7%) were found. ten random samples of E.coli were serogrouped where five were E.coli O78, two O157 and untyped and seven isolates of salmonellae wereserotyped where three S.Enteritidis, one S.Charity, one S.Remiremont and two untyped . Antibacterialactivity of five medicinal plant oils from Eucalyptus, Mint, Cinnamon, Garlic and Thyme were evaluatedagainst the isolated strains using micro-titer plate to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for these oils. MIC results proved that for Mint,Cinnamon, and Garlic oils were ranged from 5-5120 μg/ml, for Eucalyptus 20-5120 μg/ml and forThyme 5-2560 μg/ml. While results of MBC of Thyme and Cinnamon oils were ranged from 10-2560μg/ml. but MBC of Eucalyptus ranged from 40-5120 μg, MBC of Mint and Garlic oils were rangedfrom 5-2560μg |ml, 20-2560μg |ml respectively
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32495_3a8363d7b41c6e9d885537565d122fff.pdf
2015-06-01
163
168
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32495
E.coli
Salmonella
Essential oils
MIC
MBC
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University
AUTHOR
Fatma
El -Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University
AUTHOR
Soad
Belih
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
Mariam
El Shemy
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on different salmonella serotypes isolated from poultry in different governorates in Egypt
The aim of this study was to isolate Salmonellae from 579 birds (348 chickens, 104 ducks, 30turkeys, 50 quail, 30 pigeons and 17 geese) from 4 Egyptian Governorates. The Samplescollected from internal organs (liver, cecum, spleen and heart) were examined bacteriologicallyand serologically. Sixty-three (10.9%) out of 579 birds were found positive while 516 (89.1%)birds were negative for Salmonella isolation. The number and percentage of positive chickens,ducks, turkeys, quails, pigeons and geese were 43 (12.4%), 10 (9.6%), 3 (10%), 5 (10%), 2(6.7%) and 0 (0%) respectively. In this study, S. Typhimurium, S. Apeyeme, S. Kentucky, S.Daula, S. Newport, S. Tamale, S. Molade, S. Colindale, S. Lexington, S. Bargny, S. Enteritidis,S. Papuana, S. Labadi, S. Santiago, S. Magherafelt, S. Rechovot, S. Takoradi, S. Angers and S.Shubra were isolated from chickens. While S. Inganda, S. Infantis and S. Larochelle wereisolated from ducks but S. Virchow and S. Vejle were isolated from turkeys. S. Shangani and S.Jedburgh were isolated from quails while S. Alfort and S. Wingrove were isolated from pigeonsin this study.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32498_52fbd381ce5ebf4d0fb3854df8b74a3b.pdf
2015-06-01
169
175
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32498
Salmonella
Poultry
Egypt
Ashraf
Abd El- Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Fatma
El- Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
3
Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagzig University
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki Lab., Giza
AUTHOR
Nehal
Nabil
5
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki Lab., Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular studies on antimicrobial resistance genes in salmonella isolated from poultry flocks in Egypt
This study was aimed to investigate the wide spread resistance to different antimicrobial groups inbetween different Salmonellae isolated from poultry flocks in Egypt. A total of 63 Salmonella isolates(19 from chickens, 3 from ducks, 2 from turkeys, 2 from quails and 2 from pigeons) were examined inthis study for their wide spread resistance against different antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobialsusceptibility was applied on all isolates then PCR was applied for all resistant isolates to detect theresistance genes of different antimicrobial agents (qepA, qnrS, aac (6') - ib-cr) for quinolone resistantisolates, bla Tem for β lactam resistant isolates, sul1 for Sulfonamide resistant isolates, floR forFlorphenicol resistant isolates, aadA2 for Streptomycin resistant isolates and tetA (A) forOxytetracycline resistant isolates, in addition to gyrase enzyme gene (gyrA). DNA sequencing was donefor three selected isolates to detect possible mutations in the quinolone-resistance determining regionsof the gyrA gene
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32499_a0e7976a77dac9188c4a01e234db2fcd.pdf
2015-06-01
176
187
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32499
Salmonella
resistance genes
Poultry
Ashraf
Abd El- Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Fatma
El- Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
3
Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagzig University
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki Lab., Giza
AUTHOR
Nehal
Nabil
5
Animal Health Research Institute, Dakahlia branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Synbiotic on immune response of experimentally infected broiler chickens with E.coli and salmonella
A total of 100 diseased living chickens were collected from different farms in Gharbia Governorate andwere subjected to clinical and postmortem examination as well as for isolation and identification of E.coli and salmonella from tissue samples including spleen, heart, liver, intestine and lungs . Thepredominant isolates were Salmonella Entertidis and E.coli O78.An experiment was conducted on 120one day old chicks (avian 48) then divided into 6 groups to evaluate the effect of supplementation of20g/1000 bird/day in drinking water Synbiotic (Poultry star®)on immune response of normal andexperimentally infected chicks with salmonella and E.coli . First group is acontrol negative group (G1),second group Synbiotic supplemented group (G2), third group infected with Salmonella Entertidis (G3), fourth group infected with Salmonella Entertidis and supplemented with Synbiotic (G4), fifth groupinfected with E.coli O78 (G5) and the last group infected with E.coli O78 and supplemented withSynbiotic (G6). Significant decrease in phagocytic activity , phagocytic index and weight of bursa ofFabricius, thymus and spleen in infected groups were observed, but significant increase in HI titer,phagocytic activity , phagocytic index and weight of bursa of Fabricius,thymus and spleen in Synbioticsupplemented groups were observed
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32501_5e598e0fd8518a160ab5c3ac32654aec.pdf
2015-06-01
188
194
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32501
Broilers
synbiotic
Salmonella. E.coli. Immune response
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Fatma
El-Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Khalid
El-Eknawy
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Doki.Giza
AUTHOR
Heba
El-Shora
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synergistic effect between some antimicrobial agents and rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis) toward staphylococcus aureus – in-vitro
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanol plant extract ofrosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and / with five antimicrobial agents of different mechanisms(oxytetracycline Hcl, amoxicillin, cefquinome, sulphaquinoxaline and danofloxacin) against field strainof S. aureus. By using agar well diffusion method, the mean zone of inhibition (mm) of ethanol extractof Rosemary were 21.67±0.33, 20.33±0.33, 19.67±0.17, 18.83±0.17, 18.17±0.17, 16.33±0.33 and11.5±0.29 mm at different concentrations. While the mean zone of inhibition (mm) of differentantimicrobial agents at different concentrations for amoxacillin was 24±0.29, 20.67±0.33, 17.67±0.33and 14.17±0.17mm and for cefquinome was 20.83±0.17, 18±0.29 and 13.5±0.29 mm. no inhibitionzones were detected with danofloxacin, sulphaquinoxalline and oxytetracycline Hcl. By macrodilutionmethod, the MIC of rosemary was 0.048mg/ml and the MICs for the aforementioned antimicrobialagents were 0.015, 0.25, 1.0, 8.0 and 16 μg/ml respectively. The synergistic effects were recorded byFIC index between 0.006 and 0.00038 mg/ml of rosemary with 0.125 and 4.0 μg/ml of cefquinome andsulphaquinoxalline respectively.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32502_04217487f3653cdc830b34d35ae75ac8.pdf
2015-06-01
195
201
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32502
rosemary
Antimicrobial agents
MICs
S.aureus
Ashraf
Abd-El Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Fatma
El-Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Elham
Mobarez
3
Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Hesham
Taha
4
Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Nancy
Tawkol
5
Veterinarian
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of salmonella enteritidis in some meat products by using PCR
A total of 150 random samples were collected from different supermarkets and retailers of differentsanitation levels at Gharbeia governorate, Egypt as follows 70 samples of minced meat, 40 samples ofsausage and 40 samples of beef burger. The aforementioned samples were subjected to bacteriologicaland serological applications to assess the prevalence of S. Enteritidis. The obtained results revealed thatthe incidence of S. Enteritidis in the examined samples of minced meat, sausage and beef burger were1/70 (1.4%), 1/40(2.5%) and 0/40(0%) respectively. The isolates were submitted for serological analysisand revealed that Salmonella Enteritidis O 1,9,12 ad monophasic H:g, m. The antibiogram sensitivitytest was applied upon the two isolates of S. Enteritidis and revealed that they are sensitive tochloramphinicol, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and gentamycin but they wereresistant to oxytetracycline. The virulence genes of S. Enteritidis isolates were determined by usingmultiple PCR technique for the two serologically detected Salmonella Enteritidis by using the followinggenes inv A, sef A, sop B and bcf C at 284bp, 310bp, 517bp, 467bp, respectively.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32503_01621c38bdedb4ae32508b7a2ab680bb.pdf
2015-06-01
202
207
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32503
S. Entritidis
meat products
simplex PCR and virulence genes
Ashraf
Abd El-Tawab
1
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac .Vet .Med. Medicine ,Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Fatma
El-Hofy
2
Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac .Vet .Med. Medicine ,Benha Uni.
AUTHOR
Khalid
Alekhnawy
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
Doaa
Sharaf
4
Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of probiotic and prebiotic on the lysozyme response of broilers against clostridial infection
A total of 75 one-day old chicks (Cobb local breed) At the 1 day old the chicks were randomly dividedinto 3 equal separate groups; 25 chicks each. Group 1 fed on prebiotic beta glucan 200gram/ton, group2 fed on probiotic saccharomyces servicee 500gram/ton and group 3 control fed on balanced commercialration. The result revealed that the group of broiler fed on prebiotic increase the lysozyme more than thegroup of broiler fed on probiotic and after artificial infection, the group treated with prebiotic was ableto face the clostridial infection more than group treated with probiotic. The histopathologicalexamination showed that increase length and width of intestinal villi of chicken treated with prebioticmore than that of probiotic
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32504_bd2047272e75b62958fd7426933a83d7.pdf
2015-06-01
208
213
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32504
prebiotic
probiotic
Clostridium
Broilers
Intestinal Villi
lysozyme
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Amar
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Mamdouh
Elshorbagy
3
Research unite Animal Health Research Institute El-Doki
AUTHOR
Ehab
Mostafa
4
Veterinary Medicine Directorate Sharqia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Rapid methods of diagnosis of Clostridium in broilers in Sharkia governorate
A total 100 samples of liver and intestine from broilers (apparently diseased) from 13 poultry farmswere analyzed to detect the incidence of C. perfringes. The samples were examined bacteriologically bycultivating on CMC and blood agar, typical colonies were identified and biochemically confirmed. Thetotal number of positive samples was 46 (46%). C. perfringens showed very high sensitivity toenrofloxacin, high sensitivity to amoxicillin and cefoperazone, but resistant for mupirocin andazteronam. By making artificial infection for mice, the mice died after 24 hours and by examinationhistopathologicaly, it showed liver degeneration and desquamation of epithelial cells of intestine.Multiplex polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) was amplified for toxin genotyping by using primerfor clostridium perfringes alpha toxin which amplified at 402 bp
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32505_baf24c29711fab6149f15cefebf8c6ce.pdf
2015-06-01
214
223
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32505
Clostridium perfringes
broiler
Sharkia
Liver
Intestine
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
2
Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University.
AUTHOR
Mamdouh
Elshorbagy
3
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki
AUTHOR
Ehab
Mostafa
4
Veterinary Medicine Directorate Sharkia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of E.Coli in diseased chickens with its antibiogram pattern
Prevalence of E.coli among poultry farms was investigated in these studies, which cover differentprovinces in Egypt through examination of 400 chicken samples using standard methods for isolationand identification of E.coli. The result showed presence of E.coli among imported chicks in rate 44%and from local broiler chickens about 75%. The incidence of E.coli in on day old living diseased chickswas(58.3), while the incidence of E.coli from local broiler chickens was (71%) from living diseasedchickens and about (83%) from freshly dead chickens These serotype of E.coli were O63, O103, O125,O158, O44. Antibiogram pattern test indicated the highest rate of resistant against tetracycline groupwhere about 80% followed by the2 β-Lactam antibiotic (73.3%), erythromycin about 63.3% of testedisolate were resistant, florfenicol about 53.3% were resistant , gentamycin was about 46.6% wereresistance , finally ciprofloxacin about 40% of tested isolate were resistant by using disc diffusionmethod
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32507_1da1a7a7a01afaa4e75d2b6f3f85ab62.pdf
2015-06-01
224
230
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32507
E.coli
Diseased chickens
Antibiogram pattern
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
2
Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
3
Reference Laboratories for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Reem
Reda
4
Reference Laboratories for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial resistance and resistance gene detriments of E.coli isolated from chicken
A total of 30 isolate of E.coli isolated from diseased chicken belonged to different serotypes. All isolateshowed resistance to one or more antibiotics by disc diffusion methods. They were investigated against6 antibiotics from different groups the result were, gentamicin about 46.6%, erythromycin 63.3%,tetracycline 80%, ciprofloxacin 40%, ampicellin73.3% and florfenicol 53%.3. Detection of resistancegenes by PCR test relieved negative result in all isolated to detected aac(6′ )-Ib-cr gene, while 22 isolateout of 30 examined E.coli isolate were carried the blaTEM gene on anther hand floR gene was detectedin 29(96%) of E.coli isolate. Also tetA (A) gene was found in 22(73%) of E.coli isolate out of 30examined isolate. On another hand aadB (gentamicin resistance gene) gene was present in 8(26%).11(36%) of E.coli isolate were carried the mph (A) erythromycin resistance gene .Correlation betweenthe presence of resistance gene and the resistance to antibiotics were recorded
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32509_e10162b8cd4262f50e9ac5201a34e54b.pdf
2015-06-01
231
240
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32509
E.coli
Resistance gene
Disc diffusion method
PCR
Ashraf
Abd El Tawab
1
Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ammar
2
Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Soad
Nasef
3
Reference Laboratories for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
Reem
Reda
4
Reference Laboratories for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Dokki, Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of housing system and sex ratio of quails on egg production, fertility and hatchability
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of housing system and sex ratio of quails on eggproduction, fertility and hatchability. A total number of 305 quails of five weeks old were divided intotwo groups, The first group (96 birds) was housed on battery cages and divided according to sex ratiointo 2 equal subgroups of ratio (1: 2) male to females and 1: 3, the second one (209 birds) was housedon floor pens and divided according to sex ratio into 2 equal subgroups of ratio (1: 2) male to femalesand 1: 3. Eggs were collected daily for one month to estimate egg production percentage of each group.200 eggs from each group were artificially incubated for detection the effect of housing on fertility,hatchability and embryonic mortality. The obtained results showed that the total egg productionpercentage was significantly higher (P<0.001) in case of battery cages (63.54±1.68%) than those in floorsystem (46.67±1.68%), it was higher but not significant at sex ratio 1:3 (57.01±1.68%) than those at 1:2(53.21±1.68%). The fertility percentage was significantly higher (P<0.001) in case of floor pens(80.67±0.75%) than those in battery cages (73.67±0.75%) and significantly higher (P<0.01) at sex ratio1:2 (79.17±0.75%) than those at 1:3 (75.17±0.75%). The hatchability percentage of total eggs set washigher but not significant in floor pens (52.00±1.89%) than those in battery cages (49.50±1.89%), it washigher but not significant at sex ratio 1:3 (52.00±1.89%) than those at 1:2 (49.50±1.89%). Thehatchability percentage of fertile eggs set was significantly higher (P<0.001) in battery cages(70.40±0.90%) than those in floor pens (64.45±0.90%) and significantly higher (P<0.001) at sex ratio1:3 (70.12±0.90%) than those at 1:2 (64.75±0.90%).
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32510_6ed9025b95764b019eb9b775a0c88df1.pdf
2015-06-01
241
247
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32510
Japanese quails
Housing
Egg production
fertility
Hatchability
Karousa
M.M.
1
Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Souad
Ahmed
souad_ahmed@yahoo.com
2
Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Elaithy
S.M.
3
Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Eman
Elgazar
4
Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A survey on presence of new strains of infectious bronchitis virus in some chicken farms of Egyptian Delta provinces during 2014
Seven Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates were recovered from 62 broiler and layer chicken farmscollected from 4 Egyptian Delta provinces (Al Qalubia, Al Sharkia, Al Menofia and Al Gharbia) fromMay 2013 till July 2014 for drawing the epidemiological chart of distribution of IBV through theforementioned localities.The cardinal signs of the disease in layers were drop in egg production, withwatery albumen, inferior (pale-misshape shell) eggs, while in broilers were respiratory distress, renalurate deposition and mortality. Identification of IBV was by reverse transcriptase –polymerase chainreaction (RT-PCR) of RNA extracted from trachea and kidney tissues from freshly dead birds. Therewere 7/16 (about 43.7%) of selected suspected farms were positive for IBV with RT-PCR. A 600bphypervariable spike glycoprotein (S1) gene was amplified and sequenced to study genetic diversitybetween viruses. Sequence analysis was successfully performed with six isolates and failed with oneisolate. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that four isolates related to variant Israelin strains , three ofthem related to (IS/1494/06 ) and other one related to( IB isolate-variant -2 S1).Other two isolates ,oneof them related to classical vaccinal strain (H120) and other related to variant vaccinal strain (D274).Using two IBV isolates related to IS/1494/06 as challenging viruses one of them respiratory form andother nepherotropic form , 6 different vaccination programs of different commercial available IBvaccines. The results indicated that priming with M48 vaccine at 7 day old followed by IB Primer oneweek later gave the highest protection as assessed by clinical signs , weight loss , antibody titer andhistopathological lesion of trachea and kidneys
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32511_e43177c4fb9f33c1378a8c68e5974442.pdf
2015-06-01
248
262
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32511
IBV
chicken
RT-PCR
vaccines
Reda
Fathy
1
Department of poultry diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
El boraay
M.
2
Department of poultry diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
El shorbagy
A.
3
Department of poultry diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Susan
El-Mahdy
4
Central Lab. for Evaluation of Vet. Biologics, Absassia, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Clinical, hematobiochemical and histopathological changes in goats with surgically- induced unilateral Hydronephrosis
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, haematobiochemical and histopathological changes in goatswith surgically induced unilateral hydronephrosis. To achieve this aim eight male castrated goats weredivided into two groups. Group A (animals with surgically-induced unilateral hydronephrosis) in whichgoats were subjected to ligation of the right ureter for 42 days and group B (sham-operated). Clinicalexamination and haematobiochemical analysis were performed before and after induction (on days 1, 7,14, 21, 28, 35 and 42). Histopathological examination of kidneys was carried out at the end of the study.On the 1st day goats with unilateral hydronephrosis showed depression, arched back, decreased appetite.After that, these clinical signs were ameliorated and the animals restored their apparent health condition.PCV%, Hb content and RBCs count increased during the early periods of the study then returnedgradually to normal level by the end of the study. WBCs count was significantly increased allover thetime of the study. Significant increase of serum urea, creatinine, uric acid and calcium levels during theearly period of the study then gradually decrease. Albumin and total proteins levels were initiallydecreased but were restored by the end of the experiment. Post-mortem examination of affected kidneysshowed dilatation of renal pelvis and calyces with severe atrophy of the parenchyma. Histopathologicalexamination of affected kidneys revealed severe cystic dilatation of renal tubules and intertubularconnective tissue proliferation. We concluded that unilateral hydronephrosis produced significantchanges during the early stage, which were gradually restored owing to the compensatory activities ofthe contralateral kidney.
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32512_ceca8a2b0f3cfc606af6eb6da52ab72d.pdf
2015-06-01
263
272
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32512
Ureter
ligation
hydronephrosis
kidney
goats
Prof Mohamed
Ghanem
mohamed.ghanem@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
1
Dept animal medicine Faculty vet Medicine.. Benha University
AUTHOR
Hayat
Fayed
2
Department of animal medicine، Faculty of Veterinary Medicine، Benha University، Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdel-Raof
M.
3
Department of animal medicine، Faculty of Veterinary Medicine، Benha University، Egypt
AUTHOR
El-Attar
M.
4
Department of animal medicine، Faculty of Veterinary Medicine، Benha University، Egypt
AUTHOR
Al-Akraa
M.
5
Department of veterinary surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Fish meal and Plant protein alternatives on the histological picture of different organs on Nile tilapia in Egypt
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of utilization of Fish meal and plant proteinalternatives of commercial protein supplements in diets of Nile tilapia in the terms of histological changesin liver, gills and Musculature tissue. A total of 42 apparently healthy Nile tilapia (O.niloticus) with anaverage weight of 21.24+1.03g, randomly divided into three comparable groups (14 fish each) based ontype of diet protein supplement to be either fish meal (Gr. A), Soybean meal (Gr. B) or cotton seed meal(Gr. C). 52 days post feeding histological examination of liver showed hyperemic central vein and sinusoidwith focal pigmentation in (Gr. A), Intra cytoplasmic round circumscribed fat vacuoles in (Gr. B) andHyperemic central vein and sinusoids with focal extravasations of red cells surrounding the central veinsin (Gr. C). Musculature tissue showed Degenerated muscle bundles in (Gr. A), intact muscle bundles in(Gr. B) and Hyper-cellularity in focal manner in Gr. C. while the gills showed Focal extravasation of redcells in the arch in (Gr. A), vascular lining epithelium with hyperplasia in the gill rakers in Gr. B andHyperplasia and vacoulation the lining cells of the gill rakers in (Gr. C). In conclusion feeding Nile tilapiaon soybean meal may be the better choice as protein supplement alternative due to its positive effect onthe musculature tissue, no clinical signs beside it is much safer
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32513_d1636522bb31813c61df22ef1fdb74ce.pdf
2015-06-01
273
282
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32513
histology
Liver
cottonseed meal
fishmeal
soybean meal
alternatives
Nile tilapia
Ismaiel
M.
1
Qena Vet. Service
AUTHOR
Khedr
N.A.
2
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
T.E.
3
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isolation and molecular characterization of IBDV from Qualubyia governorate, Egypt, 2015
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) remerged frequently in Qualubyia was the cause of serious economiclosses. Twenty field samples were collected from broiler chick farms in different localities of thegovernorate in January 2015, subjected for isolation on specific pathogen free-embryonated chicken eggs(SPF-ECE), detection using AGID and RT-PCR. Ten samples showed positive results with egg isolation,AGID and RT-PCR. Sequence analysis and characterization of the variable region of VP2 gene purifiedfrom the PCR product showed many amino acid substitutions that may affect IBDV antigenicity andvirulence. Comparative phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of the hypervariable region of VP2gene clustered the isolated IBDV at a distance from the other reference IBDV from Egypt, Europe and othervaccinal strains. It was concluded that substitution mutations observed with the hypervariable region of VP2gene of the isolated IBDV could affect the virus antigenicity and further studies on the efficacy of vaccinesused locally against this variant IBDV strain have to be investigated
https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_32516_59a151530ee331a8b575e357c523ea4d.pdf
2015-06-01
283
294
10.21608/bvmj.2015.32516
IBDV
virus isolation
RT-PCR
VP2 Sequencing
Phylogeny
Gabr
El-Bagoury
1
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ehab
El-Nahas
2
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR
Ayman
El-Habbaa
3
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
AUTHOR