Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Biofilm formation Edwardsiella tarda isolated from fresh water fishes1515773110.21608/bvmj.2021.59428.1333ENAshrafAbdeltwabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.0000-0003-3172-87774Amira M.RizkBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.AmanySelimBacteriology Dept., Benha Provincial Laboratory ,Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research CenterRaniaElwakilBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.Journal Article20210131A B S T R A C T<br /> <br /> Edwardsiella tarda is one of the serious pathogenic bacteria, infected both cultured and wild fishes species. and has many virulence factors that enhance pathogenesis of bacterial in fishes and cause severe economic losses in aquaculture industry so This study was aimed to isolated Edwardsiella tarda from 150 diseased fish samples ,(60 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ,60 cat fish (Claris gariepinus) , 30 (Mullet (Mugil cephalus) (bayad). from internal organs after clinical and postmortem examination The results revealed that, about 24 isolates of Edwardsiella tarda 12(20%);7 (11.67%) and 5 (16.66%) were isolated from C. gariepinus ,O. niloticus, and M. cephalus fishes respectively. 8 strains formed strong formation biofilm (black colonies ) on cong red agar , 11 moderate(pink ) and 6 negative (white colonies ) 8 out 24 showed resistance to five antibacterial sensitive (oxacillin , ampicillin , sulphamethoprime , gentamycin and Norofloxacin and. Positive results in the amplification of virulence-related genes associated with the pathogenicity of the Edwardsiella tarda in the 8 resistance isolate are positive for production of chondroitinase enzyme gene (cds1), Nacylhomoserine lactones (AHLs)( edwI )gene, vibrioferringene (pvsA) gene and sensor protein implicated gene (qseC) The sequences obtained for ) (qseC) and ( edwI ) genes had accession number MW362141 and MW362142at GenBankand were identical to the corresponding GenBank sequences.which isolated from different sources and countries with no significant differences depending strains host or its area of isolationhttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_157731_f5123bb49af32af7569c95375c517898.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Assessment of Antibactrial Effect of Different Extracts of Thymus Vulgaris against Clostridium Perfringens in Chicken61017578110.21608/bvmj.2021.52403.1311ENAshraf A.Abd El-TawabDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityAhmed M.AmmarDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityFatma I.ElhofyDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityNoha R.AlgenegyDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20201220Necrotic enteritis in chicken is caused by the Clostridium perfringens, which have been found on almost chickensand for decades antimicrobial therapy was the only strategy to control it. However the misuse of antimicrobials linked to many impacts like reduced susceptibility of C. perfringens strains and cause cross-resistance to antimicrobial agents. Thisworkdemonstrates that, the uses of herbal extracts with antibacterial effectsconsider as an effective way to prevent and reducethe Necrotic enteritis.The present study determines antimicrobial activities of methanolic, ethanolic and watery extracts of thymus vulguarisagainst Clostridium Perfringenstype Ain chicken.The antibacterial activity was assessed through measuring sensitivity of isolated strains to different extracts by agar diffusiontechniqueand minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)by using the broth macrodilution method. Thymus vulgaris different extracts consider as effective anticlostridial herbal agent. The result of agar well diffusion assayand broth macrodilution methodshowed that, the tested strains were more sensitive to theethanolic and methanolic extracts which give the lowest (MIC) and (MBC) (32, 16 respectively) than the watery extracts (512, 256 respectively) .https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175781_3904b9ac238be3987ef69efd1d59d2db.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Clinicopathological changes associated with Campylobacter jejuni inecftion in broilers111517577510.21608/bvmj.2021.55724.1325ENHamadaElazzyBacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute (Zagazig branches)
Agriculture research centerEl SayedMansourBacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (Zagazig branches), Agriculture research centerNsereen A.ShawkyBiochemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute (Zagazig branches), Agriculture research centerMonaSalh El DeenClinical Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (Zagazig branches), Agriculture research centerJournal Article20201230The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter (C) and its clinicopathological changes in broilers in Sharkia province, About 50 diarrheic broilers cloacal swabs were collected for bacteriological examination. Out 50 exami-ned swabs 12 (24%) were positive for Campylobacter [C. coli 4 and C. jejuni 8]. Isolated Campylobacter was sensitive to neomycin and genta-ycin. About 45 healthy one day-old broilers were received 5 mg pefloxacin/kg bwt for 5 days for proved that broilers free from bacterial infections. At 14th day of age broilers were divided into 3 groups (15/ each). 1st group healthy broilers non treated (control), broilers in 2nd and 3rd groups were infected with C. jejuni. 2nd group infected non treated and 3rd group infected, treated with 15 mg neomycin/kg B.wt. in drinking water for 5 days. At 1st, 7th and14th day post treatment cloacal swabs were collected for re-isolation C. jejuni beside blood samples were collected for hematochemical study. Infected broilers showed of food, depression, ruffled feather, diarrhea and mortality rate 40% beside significant decrease in body performance, total protein albumin, globulin coupled with insignificant elevation in RBCs, HB, PCV%, significant elevation in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, urea and creatinine. Treatment infected broi-lers by neomycin lead to disappear clinical sing, reduced mortality and improved hematobiochemical parameters. It could be concluded that Campylobact-er infection induces reversible adverse effect on body performance and hematobioc- al parameters. Neomycin is highly curative against campylobactershttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175775_0bafdb83547ab7eab87aeecd0263625e.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Antimicrobial resistance genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia and Mugil fish farms in Kafr-Elsheikh governorate, Egypt162017577610.21608/bvmj.2021.54565.1318ENAshrafAbd El-TawabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep
Fac. of Vet. Med., Benha University0000-0003-3172-87774FatmaElhofyBacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, EgyptGamalHasb ElnabyAgriculture Research Center, department of bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta, EgyptMennat-AllahRefaeyAgriculture Research Center, department of bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch, Egypt0000-0001-7954-2408Journal Article20201221The progressive expansion of aquaculture practices led to the development of bacterial disease outbreaks, otherwise the continuous and extensive use of antibiotics to overcome these diseases. Vibrio and Aeromonas species are responsible for the most severe losses affecting the aquaculture industry in Egypt. The objective of our study to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of Vibrio parahemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila species isolated from Nile tilapia and Mugil fish farms in Kafr El-Sheikh province, Egypt, and molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes. A total of 305 samples were gathered from apparently path-genomic lesions in different organs from 100 diseased fishes, 65 isolates of Vibrio species were isolated and V. parahemolyticus was isolated with an incidence of 55.4%. Out of 100 examined fish samples 72 Aeromonas species were isolated, A. hydrophila was isolated with an incidence of 99.3 %. Vibrio parahemolyticus showed high resistance for amoxicillin and colistin followed by cefotaxime and streptomycin. Meanwhile, Aeromonas hydrophila were highly resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline followed by streptomycin, cefotaxime, and colistin. Five isolates of V. Parahemolyticus and A. hydrophila were screened using PCR for detection of 4 antibiotic resistance genes β-lactamase resistance gene (blaTEM); aminoglycosides (aadA1); tetracycline-resistant A tetA (A) and polymyxin resistance (mcr1) which were distinguished in all five V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila isolates. The high detection of V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila antibiotic resistance genes in our study could pose a potential risk to public health so, control methods should be taken to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175776_04a301b5dba0828005ec6912b6f87b94.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Identification and Genetic Characterization of Mycoplasma Species Affecting Respiratory System in Egyptian Cattle212617577710.21608/bvmj.2021.67213.1361ENAshraf AwadAbd El-TawabBacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt0000-0003-3172-87774FatmaElhofyBacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, EgyptNaglaa I.HassanReproductive Diseases Research Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Al-Haram, Giza, Egypt.MohamedRamadanMohamed R. RamadanJournal Article20210311Abstract:<br /> Mycoplasma species are the main important causative agents causing pneumonia in cattle, there are about 200 species or more. The current work aimed to investigate various mycoplasma spp. isolated from the respiratory tract of cattle by microbial culture, conventional polymerase chain reaction technique, and target gene sequencing with phylogenetic analysis. An initial screening was done to confirm the presence of mycoplasma spp. by culture on PPLO’s agar, digitonin sensitivity and biochemical tests. 129 isolates were characterized by fried egg with depressed center colonies, digitonin sensitive and negative to glucose fermentation and arginine utilization test. Out of 305 samples, 20 samples were selected for amplification by PCR technique using Mycoplasma 16S rRNA primer. Seven samples were positive to Mycoplasma species and gave amplified band at 1013 bp. subsequently, the seven isolates were sequencing. Four sequenced isolates (EGS1, EGL6, EGL1 and EGS2) were closely related to each other and very close to Mycoplasma bovis strains and far from M. leachii 99/014/6. Two sequenced isolates (EGL2 and EGL5) were closely related to each other and very close to Mycoplasma bovirhinis strains and far from M. leachii 99/014/6. One sequenced isolate (EGL3) was very close to Mycoplasma arginini strain and far from M. bovis 99/014/6. From these results, we conclude that conventional culture methods for diagnosis either by isolation and identification of Mycoplasma is a time-consuming method to diagnose mycoplasma infection So, these methods can be replaced by PCR and genome analysis technology.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175777_9c52d91b08f7bf81238958b70ae32419.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301The prevalence of extended spectrum β–lactamase producing E. coli isolated from chickens in El-sharkia Governorate273117577910.21608/bvmj.2021.64878.1344ENAshraf A.Abd El TawabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityAhmed S. A.IbrahimAnimal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki – Giza, Egypt.ReemAliDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityJournal Article20210227E. coli producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in poultry has a major concern due to the possible transmission between them and human that may cause a public health threat. Our study is directed to estimate the prevalence of resistance pattern and characterization of ESBL producibility and genes in E. coli isolated from chicken respiratory tract from chiken farms in El-Sharkia Governorate. 250 samples from 50 chicken farms were collected. Isolation and identification of E. coli serotypes were performed. In addition, Antibiotic Resistance Profile (ARP) against β-lactam antibiotics, ESBL phenotypic screening and PCR for ESBL genes; SHV and TEM, were done. The results showed that 140 isolates out of 250 total isolates (56%) were morphologically and biochemically positive for E. coli. Different serogroups of isolated E. coli exhibited high resistance rates against 14 antibiotics. 35.7 % of E coli isolates were recorded to be phenotypically ESBL-positive producing bacteria. Genotypically, ESBL genes including bla TEM and bla SHV genes were detected in 50 E. coli samples in (100%) and 30 (60%), respectively. In conclusion, the high prevalence of E. coli producing ESBL genes in poultry farms of El-Sharkia Governorate would account for economic and public health threat in the society.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175779_9d709adc58351e139a26993966ab5f62.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Evaluation of the bactericidal effect of some disinfectants against E.coli and Salmonella isolated from poultry hatcheries323517578210.21608/bvmj.2021.54375.1316ENSara FayezAbd El KhaliqDepartment of hygiene and veterinary management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Mona M. A.AshoubDepartment of hygiene and veterinary management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Yasser F. A.MetaweaDepartment of hygiene and veterinary management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20201220Poultry production considers one of the most important activities for economy and income in many countries . Proper management and hygiene in poultry hatchery mostly depend on efficient cleaning and sanitation of the hatchery environment and hatching eggs for production high quality newly hatched chicks . The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of some disinfectants (Aquavinol® 5%, Presept® 2.5%, Poviment® and MM8 ®) at various concentrations 1% , 1.5% and 2% at different contact times 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes against E.coli and Salmonella which were isolated from the poultry hatcheries at a titer of 3×106/cm2. Our results showed that Aquavinol® 5% was the highest powerful disinfectant against these pathogens, followed by Presept® 2.5% and then Poviment® ,while MM8® was the weakest disinfectant at the same conditions. Our study concluded that the prevention & control of infections depend on the disinfectant of choice that must be applied with sufficient concentration at proper exposure time to achieve the best powerful effect on microorganisms with low costs.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175782_6e6d405ac5a6af56fb8314c942435504.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Clinicopathological and Immunological studies on brucellosis363917578410.21608/bvmj.2021.55126.1322ENAwatifHossam EldinBiochemistry, Clinical Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (Benha branch), ARCSanaa A.AbdouBiochemistry, Clinical Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (Benha branch), ARCAymanFaridClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University (EGYPT)0000-0002-7844-7967Khalid MostafaFararahClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University (Egypt)Journal Article20201229Our view refer to clarify the seroprevalence of brucellosis infection in dairy cows in Menoufiya Governorate and to evaluate the hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters changes in blood of infected cows compared to healthy ones. Blood samples of 100 dairy cows (3-5) years from private farm and Menoufiya abattoir were screened for Brucella infection using (BAPAT) test and groups, the first group(25) serum samples were serologically and the second group (75) negative (healthy) cows. Hematological analysis revealed normocytic anemia and Lymphopenia. Biochemical analysis of brucella positive serum infected cows when compared with negative control revealed observed elevation in (AST), (ALT), (ALP) and (GGT) activity in addition to non-significant increases in creatinine level and significant decrease in serum urea in diseased cows. Total protein, α1 globulin,β2 globulin recorded significant decrease while non sig change were observed in α2 ,β1 andγ globulin in infected group. Immunologically IL-1 β and IL-10 showed significant elevation in infected group.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175784_909201f66e76a0acd922f0360dd5a070.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Protective effect of quercetin compared to silymarin against phenylhydrazine induced anemia404617578510.21608/bvmj.2021.64767.1343ENRaniaEl-Sayed BakerClinical pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha universityFatmaGadClinical pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha universityKhalidFararhClinical pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha universityJournal Article20210302This study has developed to evaluate the protecting effect of Quercetin in phenylhydrazine (PHZ) induced hemolytic anemia comparing to traditional used antioxidant (Silymarin). For that 45 male white Albino rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups, control group, phenylhydrazine group (PHZ) which injected by PHZ (20 mg/kg b.w, I/P at day 7th, 8th and 9th), Quercetin+PHZ group (Quercetin, 50 mg/kg b.w per os every day for 16 days), silymarin+PHZ group (Silymarin, 100 mg/kg b.w per os every day for 16 days) and Quercetin group. Serum samples of these groups were collected after 3, 5 and 10 days after injection of PHZ and used for biochemical and oxidative stress analysis. Also, specimens from spleen were collected for histopathologial examination. The results of this study showed that, Quercetin ameliorated phenylhydrazine effect on total protein, total bilirubin, direct and indirect bilirubin, LDH, iron and ferritin levels. Also, Quercetin improved levels of oxidative stress parameters GSH, SOD and MDA, and had protective effect on tissue of spleen. Therefore, Quercetin had protective effect in experimental phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia. Also it was more potent antioxidant than Silymarin.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175785_bd8a326609fc4d583f8f021098ddf9e3.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Ameliorative Effects of induced pluripotent stem cells on experimentally induced ovarian ablation in adult female rats475117578710.21608/bvmj.2021.66537.1353ENAsmaa Abdel MonsefSultanClinical pathology department,faculty of veterinary medicine,benha universityNesreen I.SalemHistology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.Ibtisam M.AzamPathology Department, Animal Health Research InstituteAyman S.FaridClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Journal Article20210308The current study designed to evaluate the role of pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) on experimentally-induced ovarian ablation (OA) by evaluating of hematological parameters, FSH and E2 changes, molecular and histopathological examination. 50 female rats were divided into five groups with 10 in each group. Group (1): control group. Group (2): rats injected with Doxorubicin (DOX) (3 mg/kg) and Cyclophosphamide (CYP) (50mg/kg) dissolved in sterile physiological saline injected I/P once a week for 5 weeks. Group (3): 10 rats undergo chemoablasion then injected with 5 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) single s/c injection. Group (4): 10 rats undergo chemoablasion, then iPSc injected i/v single injection for 2 months. Group (5): 10 rats undergo chemoablasion then iPSc injected i/v combined with single s/c injection of 5 IU PMSG. Results revealed that rats injected with Dox and CYP showed asignificant decrease in RBCs, Hb and PCV, WBCs, lymphocytes, neutrophil, eosinophil, E2 level and Oct 4 while there was significant increase in MCV, MCH, monocytes and FSH level compared with control (-ve) group. While, rats treated with PMSG or IPSc or PMSG and IPSc revealed significant increase in RBCs count as well as MCHC, E2 level and Oct 4 with non significant changes in Hb and PCV, WBCs, lymphocytes, eosinophil with asignificant increase of neutrophil IPSc or PMSG and IPSc groups and asignificant decrease in monocytes compared with OA group and control (-ve) group.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175787_af4c3764bdc952765df43d9b43577f16.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Hemato-biochemical alterations and antioxidant status during drug-induced thyroid dysfunction in Wister rats525717578810.21608/bvmj.2021.66936.1357ENNadaElsaiedClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University..Abd Allah AhmedMokhbatlyClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh UniversityAyman SamirFaridClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University (EGYPT)0000-0002-7844-7967Journal Article20210308This study was carried to determine the effect of induced disturbance in thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in animal model). In this study, sixty adult male Wister strain rats (180-200 gm) were divided into four groups represented by two control groups for both drug-induced hypothyroidism and drug-induced hyperthyroidism groups (15/each). Drug-induced hyperthyroidism group (received 0.4mg thyroxin/100g feed, with normal tap water daily), and drug-induced hypothyroidism group (received 0.2% lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) in drinking water with normal feed daily). Hematological parameters, some serum biochemical parameters, and assessment of oxidative stress represented by MDA levels in hepatic and renal tissues were assessed. Moreover, semi-quantitative scoring and histopathological findings of hepatic and renal tissues were investigated. Results revealed that any alterations in thyroid hormones levels either if hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, were significantly affect different clinic-pathological profile of various body function parameters, beside their indirect effect on tissue conditions that represented by histopathological tissue changes with increase in MDA levels. Referring to the obtained results, most of hematological indices, and sodium level appeared lower than normal in drug-induced hypothyroidism; beside that lipid profile and renal function were significantly raised. In contrast, most of hematological parameters, and sodium level were higher than control group findings, while kidney functions were lower than control group readings. Moreover, liver enzymes and MDA readings were significantly higher than control readings, accompanied with significant decrease in albumin levels in both drug-induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism groups assured microscopically findings of hepatic and renal histopathology.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175788_407e0707add311e15d1475aa3c520558.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Evaluation of renoprotective and Anti-inflammatory effects of doxycycline in carrageenan-induced renal inflammation586217579010.21608/bvmj.2021.62051.1341ENNairaAminDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityMonaEl-ShemyDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityKhalidFararhDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210215The present study was designed to investigate biochemical changes induced by doxycycline treatment of carrageenan-induced renal inflammation. For this purpose, 60 rats divided into four groups. Group (1) used as a control and administrated distilled water (1 ml/kg, i.p.) daily for 5 days. Group (2) carrageenan group: rats administrated 2% λ- Carrageenan (25 µl/kg, i.p.) as one dose at first day of experiment. Group (3) doxycycline rats were received doxycycline (100 mg/kg, i.p./day/5 days). Group (4) carrageenan+ doxycycline rats were received doxycycline (100 mg/kg, i.p.), after an hour 2% λ- carrageenan (25 µl/kg, i.p.) as one dose at first day of experiment. The experiment was continued for 5 days. Collection of samples was performed on 1st, 3rd and 5th day of experiment. Serum was used for evaluation of kidney function (urea, creatinine, Na+ and K+) and plasma proteins (total protein, albumin, and globulin), as well as inflammatory markers and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and NO). Kidney tissue used for estimation of antioxidant parameters (MDA and GPx), and histopathology. The results revealed that there were significant increases in urea, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and NO in carrageenan group, while GPx, Na+ and K+ showed significant decreases. Moreover, histological examination of group 2 showed degenerative changes in the lining epithelium of renal tubules associated with peritubular mononuclear cells infiltration compared with control group. Therefore, it could be concluded that doxycycline has anti-inflammatory role.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175790_24f501cc4b1859ddd7f04c7c11b496d5.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Clinicopathological Effect of Induced Pluripotent stem cells and Hormonal Therapy on Premature Ovarian Failure636717579110.21608/bvmj.2021.66527.1352ENAsmaa Abdel MonsefSultanClinical pathology department,faculty of veterinary medicine,benha universityNesreen I.SalemHistology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.Ibtisam M.AzamPathology Department, Animal Health Research InstituteAyman S.FaridClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210309A b s t r a c t<br /> This experiment was designed to investigate the roles of induced pluripotent stem cells and hormonal therapy on experimentally-induced ovarian ablation (OA) by evaluating of hormonal, molecular, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Fifty female rats classified into five main groups. Group (I):10 rats as control normal group. Group II (OA): 10 rats injecteded with (3 mg/kg) of DOX and (50 mg) CYP dissolved in clean physiological saline I/P once week for 5 weeks. Group (III): 10 rats go through chemoablasion, after that, rats were injected with 5 IU of PMSG single subcutaneous (S/C) injection. Group (IV): 10 rats undergo chemoablasion, after that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) were injected intravenous (I/V) single injection for 2 months. Group (V): 10 rats undergo chemoablasion then iPSc were injected I/V combined with single S/C injection of 5 IU PMSG. Results revealed that rats injected with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide showed a significant increase in FSH, LH levels while asignificant decrease in E2, PCNA, Oct4, Stra8 and Runx2 when compared with control (-ve) group. On the other hand, rats treated with PMSG or IPSc only or PMSG and IPSc revealed that there were increase in E2 level, PCNA, OCT4, Stra8 and Runx2 while there is decrease in FSH, LH levels when compared with chemoablated control group. Also, ovarian sections of chemoablated group showed degenerated surface epithelia, loss of secondary, and antral follicles. ovarian sections of group treated with PMSG and iPSc showed well observed primordial, primary and secondary follicles.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175791_7fb3e3481d26760307aacc5099bf2648.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Beneficial anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in Freund's Complete Adjuvant-induced Rheumatoid arthritis in rats687417579210.21608/bvmj.2021.50899.1301ENMona ElmowafyElbahlolBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptSamy AliHusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Samir Abd LatifAbdelalAnimal Hygiene, Behaviour and Mangement Department, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Frahat FodaAliAgricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20201127Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder withpermanent joint destruction. The Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) beneficial effects were evaluated in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). RA was induced by 0.1 mL Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) that was injected once into the rat's right hind leg footpads. Thirty male rats were equally divided into 5 groups. Group I (Normal control): Rats received no drugs, Group II (CFA- induced arthritis for treatment): Rats injected with 0.1 ml CFA on the 1st day and sacrificed after 29 days of CFA injection, Group III (CFA + GSPE treated): After 14 days of CFA injection, rats treated with GSPE (100 mg.kg-1 b wt./day) for 15 sequential days. Group IV (CFA- induced arthritis for protection): Rats injected with 0.1 ml CFA on 15th day of the experiment and sacrificed 15 days later after arthritis induction. Group V (CFA + GSPE protected): Rats pretreated with GSPE (100 mg.kg-1 b wt./day) one day before CFA injection and 14 days later after arthritis induction. A significant up-regulation in IL-1β, MMP‐3 and LOX-1 gene expressions were observed in the arthritic rats' synovial membrane. However, significant down-regulations in all previous parameters were observed in GSPE treated groups. Also, GSPE significantly activated Nrf2 gene in liver with marked up-regulation of Lactoferrin (LF) gene in arthritic rats' synovial membrane. Interestingly, improvement of histopathological alterations in synovium and stifle joint capsule of arthritic rats supported the anti-arthritic effects of GSPE. Conclusively, GSPE ameliorates adjuvant induced arthritis via its anti-arthritic and joint protecting properties.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175792_f084b2dd8dd421e398c8610f67701aa6.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of nanoselenium in STZ induced diabetes in rats757917579310.21608/bvmj.2021.49132.1291ENOmaymaAbo ZaidClinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.SawsanEL-sonbatyNational Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.NeamaAhmedClinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20210102This study was designed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at dose 2 mg/kg body weight in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats at dose 50 mg/kg body weight. Were administered orally in normal and experimentally induced diabetic rats for 35 days and glibenclamide (Glib) at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg was used as a reference drug. 48 waster male rats divided into 6 equal groups each of 8 rats. Blood samples and pancreatic tissue were collected at the end of experimental. Animals either treated with SeNPs its results demonstrated that SeNPs could significantly decreased blood glucose levels, enhanced serum insulin concentration, Result showed decrease liver function as in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), decrease cardiac function creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels significantly decreased and high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly increased. Histological study finds that SeNPs were able to prevent pancreatic tissue atrophy in island of Langerhans cells compared to uncontrolled group < /p>https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175793_24f12b868ad026e329c31e7c57874cab.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Neuromodulatory Influences of vitamin C on D-galactose Induced Neuronal Metabolic Dysfunction Model808317579510.21608/bvmj.2021.67215.1360ENMohammedMohammedBiochemistry Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Banha UniversityFatmaMoawedHealth radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, EgyptOmaymaAbo ZaidBiochemistry Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Banha UniversityOmamaElshewyiHealth radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20210315Aging is a physiological, non-pathological process that occurs mainly as a slow, gradual, and passive procedure influenced by interplay of numerous genetic and environmental influences. Different ways have been tried to postponement aging and extent life span in animals, dietary anti-oxidants are one of them. Depending on the metabolic and free radical theories of aging, this work was carried out to evaluate the use of vitamin C in delaying the aging promoter. D galactose shedding the light on aging mechanisms underlying the anti-aging variations on both the molecular and the physiological level. Aging was enhanced by injecting rats subcutaneously with D galactose in a dose of 100 mg for 8 weeks brain tissues were subjected to analysis determining the level of serotonin, dopamine and nor epinephrine. D galactose caused down regulation of both serotonin and dopamine while nor epinephrine went up, such alteration has been resisted in rats administrated vitamin C. Thus we can conclude that anti-oxidants could prevent the age related brain deterioration.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175795_b4281114a55640f615e4422080646f86.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Biochemical study on the effect of probiotic in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats848817579710.21608/bvmj.2021.67828.1371ENRodinaRamdanBiochemistry department Faculty of
Of Veterinary Medicine Benha UniversitySamyHusseinBiochemistry department Faculty of
Of Veterinary Medicine Benha UniversityOmaymaAbo ZaidBiochemistry department Faculty of
Of Veterinary Medicine Benha UniversitySamir Abdel LatifAbdel AalProf. of Animal, Poultry and Enviromental Hygiene,
Faculty. Of Veterinary Medicine., MoshtohorJournal Article20210317In this study, potential protective and curative effect of probiotics on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis were evaluated. Ulcerative colitis was induced in rats by 2 ml of 3% glacial acetic acid (v/v) administered intracolonially for 3 successive days. Forty male albino rats were divided into Five equal groups. Group I: (Control group) rats received no drugs. Group II: Early UC-induced group, Group III: Late UC-induced group, Group IV: (Early UC + probiotics protected) rats received probiotics (135 mg/kg b. wt/day) orally for 21 days prior to acetic acid administration then sacrificed. Group V: (Late UC + probiotics treated) rats first administered with acetic acid then after 3 days probiotics was received for 21 days. A significant increase in L-MDA and Myeloperoxidase (MOP) and up-regulation of IL-1β, caspase-3 with down-regulation in Bcl-2 gene expression as well as marked decrease in GSH and CAT were observed in colon tissue of UC-induced rats. However, administration of probiotics to UC-induced rats caused a marked improvement and reverse all previous parameters near the average range. On conclusion, Probiotics protect colonic mucosa against ulcerative colitis and may be effective in enhances the healing of ulcerated colon via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and regenerating endogenous antioxidant mechanism.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175797_fda1cf4e3537d96d732c41d52f148168.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Newcastle and Doxorubicin attenuated against diethylnitrosoamine as anti-proliferative and immunosuppresor effects which induced hepatocellular carcinoma899317579810.21608/bvmj.2021.61404.1336ENMahmoudElashreyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.AfafDesokyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.KamelZyanDepartment of rabbits and birds diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210203Doxorubicin is a broad spectrum antitumor antibiotic. Newcastle disease virus (NDV ) is one such virus with an inherent oncolytic property. This study was done to investigate the antitumor effects of Doxorubicin and NDV on Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced Hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Seventy five male albino rats were divided into five groups. Group (1): rats administered distilled water only. Group (2) : rats received diethylnitrosoamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), three times at an interval of 15 day at experimental weeks 2, 4 and 6.Group (3) : rats received DEN then treated with Doxorubicin at experimental week 10 at a dose level (2 mg/kg b.wt/i.p). Group(4): rats received DEN then treated with Hitchner B1 at experimental week 10 at a dose levels (10^7 PFU/mouse/i.p). Group(5): rats received DEN then treated with Doxorubicin at experimental week 10 at a dose level (2 mg/kg b.wt/i.p) and with Hitchner B1 at experimental week 10 at a dose levels (10^7 PFU/mouse/i.p). All animals were sacrificed after the end of experiment. DEN induced HCC showed elevation in serum ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, bilirubin. Also, resulted in upregulation in serum IL-6 and TNF- α ,On the other hand resulted in a significant decreased in serum Albumin, total protein compared with control group. Treatment with doxorubicin or/ and NDV showed that, all the parameters changed towards normal control group. The obtained results confirmed doxorubicin and NDV can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells through improving hepatocytes.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175798_775995beb4ed019197eeb9def7218f5c.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Newcastle and Doxorubicin attenuated against diethylnitrosoamine as antitumor effects which induced hepatocellular carcinoma949817579910.21608/bvmj.2021.61407.1337ENMahmoudElashreyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.AfafDesokyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.KamelZyanDepartment of rabbits and birds diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210203Doxorubicin is a broad spectrum antitumor antibiotic. Newcastle disease virus (NDV ) is one such virus with an inherent oncolytic property. This study was done to investigate the antitumor effects of Doxorubicin and NDV on Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced Hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Seventy five male albino rats were divided into five groups. Group (1): rats administered distilled water only. Group (2) : rats received diethylnitrosoamine (200 mg/kg b.wt/i.p), three times at an interval of 15 day at experimental weeks 2, 4 and 6.Group (3) : rats received DEN then treated with Doxorubicin at experimental week 10 at a dose level (2 mg/kg b.wt/i.p). Group(4): rats received DEN then treated with Hitchner B1 at experimental week 10 at a dose levels (10^7 PFU/mouse/i.p). Group(5): rats received DEN then treated with Doxorubicin at experimental week 10 at a dose level (2 mg/kg b.wt/i.p) and with Hitchner B1 at experimental week 10 at a dose levels (10^7 PFU/mouse/i.p). All animals were sacrificed after the end of experiment. DEN induced HCC showed elevation in serum AFP, LDH, Creatinine and Urea compared with control group. Treatment with doxorubicin or/ and NDV showed that a significant reduction in serum AFP, LDH, Creatinine and Urea compared with DEN non treated group. The obtained results confirmed doxorubicin and NDV can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells through improving hepatocytes.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175799_a1cbd4a7d6993436698c5a64fdcfeabf.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Biosynthesis and Hypoglycemic Potential of Chitosan Nano-selenium In Experimentally Induced Diabetic In Rats9910317580010.21608/bvmj.2021.61575.1338ENOmayma RagabAbo ZaidBiochemistry veterinary medicine Banha universitySawsan MohammedEL-sonbatyRadiation Microbiology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology. Egypt.Neama MostafaAhmedM.Sc. registration (Biochemistry) in Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210205The present study investigated the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at dose 2 mg/kg body weight in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in a rat model at dose 50 mg/kg body weight. Rats administered SeNPs orally in normal and experimentally induced diabetic rats for 35 days and glibenclamide (Glib)at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg was used as a reference drug. Blood samples were collected at the end of experimental. administration of SeNPs was significantly decreased blood glucose levels and enhanced serum insulin concentration, Result showed decrease liver function enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), all groups results showed non-significant changes in serum creatinine levels, decrease cardiac function enzymes creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). Result also showed significant decrease in the activity level of α-amylase. Also, Glib administration also exhibited a significant improvement in diabetic animals after 35 days of treatment. This study suggests that SeNPs capped with chitosan can alleviate hyperglycemia and showing synergistic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats and these protection may be possibly by eliciting insulin-mimetic activity or SeNPs showed enhancement of the elimination of the diabetes-induced oxidative stress injuries.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175800_e9d9001e4eb5032ec409951627c1406f.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Therapeutic potential and hepatoprotective activity of proanthocyanidin and clopidogrel in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-induced rats10410817580110.21608/bvmj.2021.65036.1346ENSamy A.HusseinBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Omayma A. R.Abou ZaidBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Mohamed A.AzabPhysiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Soheir K.MohamedBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20210228The initiation and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) include imbalanced lipid metabolism, insulin resistance (IR) and oxidative stress. Consequantly, grape seeds proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) have lipolytic properties and showed very positive effects against the NAFLD metabolic disruptions. The present study aim to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects of treatment of GSPE alone or in combination with antiplatelet drug (Clopidogrel) against high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFL, in which 32 male albino rats were assigned into four equal groups of 8 rats: 1. Normal control group (G1) of normal standard-feeding rats for 12 weeks, 2. NAFL group (G2) of HFD-induced NAFL rats during 6 weeks, followed by normal feeding for another 6 weeks, 3. GSPE treated group (G3) of the NAFL rats followed by GSPE treatment for another 6 weeks, and 4. GSPE and clopidogrel co-treated group (G4) of the NAFL rats followed by GSPE and clopidogrel co-treatment for other 6 weeks. The results showed that treatment with GSPE alone or with clopidogrel significantly decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and ferritin (G3,G4) that were significantly increased due to NAFL induction (G2), and significantly downregulated the liver tissue inflammatory mediators VEGF, PDGFα, and MAPK gene expressions (G3,4)that were significantly upregulated by NAFL induction (G2). In conclusion, treatment with GSPE alone or with antiplatelet alleviates the hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation associated with HFD-induction of NAFL in rats.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175801_55cb7fcf21714022db26651c78d22f44.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Therapeutic Potential And Hepatoprotective Activity Of Proanthocyanidins And In Combination With Clopidogrel Against Bimolecular Disturbances Related To Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced In Rats10911317580210.21608/bvmj.2021.65038.1347ENSoheirMohamed1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Samy A.HusseinBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Omayma A. R.Abo ZaidBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Mohamed A.AzabPhysiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20210228Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex disease caused by a number of different pathogenic processes as a result of the systemic interaction between the liver and several other organs. Grape seeds proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) potency in the liver is associated with improvement of the hepatic enzyme activities as their powerful antioxidant property results from its ability to directly scavenge free radicals and/or chelate metals. 32 male albino rats were assigned into 4 equal groups of 8 rats: 1. Normal control group (G1) of rats provided with standard normal diet for 12 weeks, 2. NAFL group (G2) of rats received high fat diet (HFD)-feeding for 6 weeks for induction of NAFL, followed by normal feeding for other 6 weeks, 3. GSPE treated group (G3) of the HFD-induced NAFL, followed by administration of GSPE for 6 weeks else, 4. GSPE and antiplatletes drug (Clopidogrel) co-treated group (G4), of the NAFL rats, followed by administration of GSPE and clopidogrel co-treatment for another 6 weeks. The results revealed that GSPE alone or with clopidogrel treatment significantly decreased serum AST, ALT and γGGT (G3, 4) that were significantly increased in HFD-NAFL rats (G2), and showed significant upregulation of IL1β, PPARα, TGFβ1 and TIMP1 in livers of NAFL rats (G2), that was significantly downregulated following administration of GSPE alone (G3), or with clopidogrel (G4). Subsequantly, treatment with GSPE alone or with antiplatelet drug can improve the metabolic disruptions associated with the induction of NAFL by improving the liver biomarkers and inflammatory mediator's expressions.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175802_26ce922e1dfd40b538e95247b84b303a.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Ultrasound-guided fetometry in Egyptian sheep and she-goats11411817580410.21608/bvmj.2021.58131.1330ENAhmedGoudaTheriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityMohsenAggagTheriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityMohamed M. M.KandielTheriogenology Department, Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt0000-0001-5112-5768Journal Article20210114The aim of the present study was to buildup equation (s) for an intra-uterine fetal aging in Egyptian local sheep and she-goats breed using ultrasound. This study was carried out on a total number of 110 Baladi sheep and 74 she-goats under the field condition of Qalyubia governorate, Egypt. Ultrasound examination was conducted through trans-rectal and/or trans-abdominal routes. Throughout the gestation cycle between Day 26 and 112, Crown rump length (CRL) and biparietal diameter (BPD) were measured at least three times per test for each animal for accurate judgment. The correlation coefficient (R2) of BPD was higher than CRL in sheep and she-goats (0.9601 and 0.9598 vs. 0.898 and 0.903, respectively) at 39 to 112 days. Statistical analysis showed that no differences (P=0.258) between the BPD slopes represent ovine and caprine fetal growth rate. In conclusion, the use of ultrasound estimation in fetal biometry is useful to estimate the gestational age in sheep and she-goats with particular focus on BPD at all stages of pregnancy after breeding beyond Day 39.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175804_b15be3c440fd69a55b53f45012e02c63.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Clinical, haemato-biochemical and ultrasonographic diagnostic tools of different urinary tract affections in dogs11912417580510.21608/bvmj.2021.58512.1331ENYoussefYassein ElgazarDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000-0003-4703-0541MohamedGhanemDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0001-6769-7875Yassein M.Abdel-RaofDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptMahmoudHelalDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210117Urinary tract affections are important clinical problems recorded in dogs affecting their health condition. The present study was carried out on 21 dogs of both sexes and different breeds having different urinary tract affections. The study aimed to evaluate clinical, hematological, biochemical, urinalysis, and ultrasonographic changes in dogs with different urinary tract affections. Acute renal failure, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, urolithiasis, and cystitis were diagnosed in 5,3,3,5,5 dogs, respectively. The most common clinical signs recorded in all affections were pollakiuria, hematuria, polyuria, dysuria, urine retention. Urinalysis showed the presence of proteinuria, blood in different affections of the urinary tract. There was decrease in RBCs count and Hemoglobin content above normal reference value in all urinary tract affections except in cystitis and there was increase in WBCs count above normal reference value in all different urinary tract affections. There was increase in urea and creatinine levels above normal reference value in all urinary tract affections except in cystitis. There were no changes in ALT, and AST levels in all affections except in acute renal failure were higher than normal reference value. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed structural abnormalities in all recorded urinary tract affections. The results of the present study revealed that clinical, hematological, biochemical, urinalysis, and ultrasonographic examinations are essential in dogs for accurate diagnosis of different urinary tract affections.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175805_9b7ed4dd9f12780f1db98f760ff686fc.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Antimicrobial activity of Crude Calotropis procera extract with special reference to Sheep Salmonellosis.12512817580610.21608/bvmj.2021.52847.1312ENElshaimaFawziAnimal medicine department, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Zagazig universityMosa MohamedBahnassDepartment of Animal Medicine " Infectious Diseases ", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.Noura El- ShahatAttiaDepartment of Animal Medicine "Internal Medicine", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.Journal Article20201208Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria is one of the biggest problems worldwide. Calotropis procera has been used in traditional and folk medicine due to presence of different active compounds. The present study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of crude aqueous Calotropis procera extracts against field isolates of some gram negative and positive bacteria. The aqueous extract of the Calotropis procera was studied for its Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Samonella arizonae subsp.3A, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella pullorum. In vitro antimicrobial activity was conducted by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique on Mueller-Hinton agar. The extracts pronounced significant effect on the tested organisms. highest Zone of inhibition –mm (ZI) (35.4 ± 2.4) was in latex extract. There was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference between groups of bacteria in the antimicrobial effect of latex, leaves and flowers extracts. ZI of Latex, leaves and flowers extract for Salmonella typhimurium isolated from sheep was 7.667±.3, 3.583 ±.3 and 2.167±.2 respectively at Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 6.3 mg/ml. We concluded that the extracts of Calotropis procera has an antimicrobial activity against gram positive and negative bacterial isolates. The latex extract had more antimicrobial activity than leaves and flower. in addition, the leaves extract had more antimicrobial activity than flowers. (MIC) of Calotropis procera extracts was 6.3 mg/ml. It has been recommended to conduct further investigations in vivo to know the extent of the effect and control measure on salmonellosis and others bacterial diseaseshttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175806_a80be631434123dfa1fd67c8463f8f5d.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Preparation and evaluation of Necrotic enteritis (NE) vaccine using alpha toxin with different adjuvants in broilers.12913417580710.21608/bvmj.2021.57081.1326ENHashemSalamaAnimal health institute, Tanta branch, egyptMohamedEl-ShorbagyDepartment of rabbits and birds diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Alaa Abdel-FattahEl-MeneisyVeterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo.Gamal RagabHasb El-NabyAnimal Health Institute, Tanta branch, EgyptJournal Article20210107ABSTRACT<br /> In the present study we used one hundred and twenty-five broiler chicks (Arbo) one- day old used as experimental birds, the experimental chicks were divided into five groups each of twenty-five chicks. The first group kept as control, the 2nd group was non-vaccinated and challenged, the 3rd group was infected with Emeria tenella at 15th days of age and challenged, the 4th group was vaccinated and challenged, the 5th group was vaccinated and challenged. The vaccinated chicks in group 4 was vaccinated by locally prepared NE vaccine adjuvinated with Aluminum hydroxide by dose of 0.5ml subcutaneously at age of seven days and boostered at age of eighteen days. While the chicks of 5th group were vaccinated by locally prepared NE vaccine adjuvinated with Montanide oil. The challenged groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) were challenged at age of 27, 28 and 29 days with C. perfringes type A whole culture by dose of 3ml contains 109 Cfu. Serum samples were collected after challenge at thirty-five days. The results showed that higher immune response, lower mortality rate, increase in body weight and low feed conversion rate in chicks of group 5 compared to chicks of groups (1, 2, 3 and 4).https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175807_bfe912018bcc5f3a10d262eba1baf0ef.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Fermos® prebiotic dietary supplementation enhances immune, antioxidative responses and growth performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus13514017580810.21608/bvmj.2021.61282.1335ENMohamedAbdel GayedArmed forces, Egypt.AmanyAbbassAquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.0000-0001-7061-8496MohamedShehabeldinDepartment of Fish Health; (Sakha unit), Central Laboratory of Aquaculture Research; (CLAR), Agriculture Research Centre; (ARC), Abasa, Abuhamad, Sharqia, Egypt.HiamElabdDepartment of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.0000-0003-2553-1492Journal Article20210203The current study determined the influences of supplementing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) basal diet with a prebiotic mixture on hematological, immune and biochemical parameters and growth performance. Two fish groups (Average weight 16.0 ± 0.5 g) were supplemented with prebiotic Fermos® at a rate of 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg diet and the third group which served as control received basal non-supplemented diet. The feeding trial continued for 6-weeks; and representative blood, serum as well as liver samples were collected from the three groups at the end of the third and sixth week. Differences in hematologic parameters, serum biochemical and oxidative indicators were determined. Results showed that Fermos® showed significant increase in hematological markers (mean corpuscular hemoglobin, packed cell volume concentrations, total leukocytic count, monocytes, and lymphocytes); and a significant decrease in (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, eosinophils and basophils counts). Fermos® increased serum albumin, globulin, and total protein. Biochemical parameters (AST and ALT levels) showed significant decrease at the end of the sixth week and third week, respectively in Fermos® groups, while glucose levels were significantly increased at the two sampling points for supplemented fish. All immune, antioxidants and growth parameters were improved in supplemented fish, compared to control group. Conceivably, our results demonstrated the beneficial effects of supplementing O. niloticus with Fermos® prebiotic on hematological parameters, immune and biochemical and growth profiles.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175808_602e7300d278a4740afbaef2252b8c3d.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301A Review of some prebiotics and probiotics supplementation effects on farmed fishes: with special reference to Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS)14114517580910.21608/bvmj.2021.62545.1342ENMohamedAbdel GayedArmed forcesHiamElabdDepartment of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.0000-0003-2553-1492MohamedShehabeldinDepartment of Fish Health; (Sakha unit), Central Laboratory of Aquaculture Research; (CLAR), Agriculture Research Centre; (ARC), Abasa, Abuhamad, Sharqia, Egypt.AdelShaheenDepartment of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.AmelEl-AselyDepartment of Aquatic animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityEmanAbd El-GawadAssociate professor of fish diseases and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University0000-0001-7516-2969AyaMatterDepartment of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.AmanyAbbassDepartment of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.0000-0001-7061-8496Journal Article20210215Aquaculture has been increasingly contributing to animal protein production during the last few decades. Tilapia is known as one of the highly valuable fish cultured in wide geographical areas in several countries as a source of animal protein including Egypt. Tilapia has the merit of tolerance to a wide range of environmental conditions and ability to utilize food from the lowest trophic levels. The intensification of aquaculture production is usually challenged by infections including bacterial and parasitic burdens, which obligates the use of chemicals and antibiotics to control disease outbreaks. The injudicious use of antibiotics inevitably led to expansion of resistance, mutant pathogenic strains and detrimental effects to fish and consumer health. Therefore, it is imperative to find alternative ecofriendly sources as prebiotics and probiotics which can improve fish health, performance, and immunity without any side effects to the fish themselves or the consumer health. Prebiotics are known as a group of non-digestible food ingredients which encourage the growth of advantageous microorganisms in the gastro-intestinal tract. Like probiotics and synbiotics, inclusion of prebiotics as feed supplements into diets of farmed fishes is usually accompanied by immunomodulation and increased resistance of fish against serious bacterial agents as Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The current review article focuses on the potential effects of probiotics and MOS-containing prebiotics on health status, immune response and survivability of farmed fishes specially referring to Nile tilapia.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175809_6e7ea5482b971de445911a5bfef3c19a.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Assessment of The Effects of Selected Plant Extracts on Quality Indices and Shelf Life of Raw Chilled Chicken Meat14615117581010.21608/bvmj.2021.61181.1334ENEssraaYoussefFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Saad M.SaadFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Mohamed A.HassanFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Hemmat M.IbrahimFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20210202Chicken meat (Cornish Cross breed) is usually marketed at refrigerated temperature (1–4 ◦C). Quality and safety of refrigerated chicken meat is the main concern for consumers and retailers. Chicken meat is exposed to contamination from many sources during slaughtering and different manufacturing processes causing undesirable changes lead to microbial growth that results in spoilage and economic losses. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the effects of three different plant extracts (1% Laurel, 1% Moring and 1% Olive leaf extract) on the sensory attributes, chemical and bacteriological quality of raw chicken breast meat stored at 4 ± 1 ◦C for 16 days. Results revealed that samples treated with 1% laurel, 1% Moringa and 1% Olive extracts maintained the overall acceptability until 16th, 14th, 12thdays of cold storage, respectively. compared to control one which got spoiled after 6th day of cold storage. Samples treated with plant extracts showed significant decrease in their chemical analysis (pH, TVN and TBA) and marked decrease in bacterial counts (aerobic plate, total coliform, total Staphylococci counts) indicating that plant extracts have potent antioxidant and antibacterial effects. Best results were obtained in samples treated with 1% laurel extract followed by samples treated with 1% Moringa and finally those treated with 1% olive leaf extract.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175810_895bd45ecaf7ae92134d92cd01698673.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Chemical residues in emulsion type meat products (Frankfurter & Luncheon)15215617581410.21608/bvmj.2021.61991.1339ENEllia YoussefMehawedDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Agri. Res. Center, Animal Health Res. Institute, Dokki- GizaMohamed A.El. ShaterDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Agri. Res. Center, Animal Health Res. Institute, Dokki- GizaMohamed A.HasanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityHemmat M.IbrahimDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210207In this study total of 150 samples of emulsion type meat products (Luncheon & Frankfurter) (75 of each) were collected from local and supermarkets in Giza governorate, Egypt. Samples were subjected to determination of residue of antibiotics, zeranol, trenbolone, heavy metals (Cadmium, lead, Zinc and Arsenic) and pesticides (OPPs & OCPs). The study proved that the incidence percent of antibiotics, organophosphorus pesticides and arsenic were zero in all samples, zeranol percent in frankfurter was 0% while is detected in (25) samples of luncheon with mean (0.0732 ppb). Concerning trenbolone in luncheon and frankfurter with the same number of positive samples (50) for each with mean (0.2213) and (0.1776) ppb respectively. Detected residues of lead were present in 50 samples of luncheon and frankfurter with mean (0.0504) and (0.0165)ppm respectively. The cadmium was recorded in 50 samples of frankfurter with mean (0.0044 ppm), while were reported in luncheon with mean (0.0019 ppm). The zinc was recorded in (75 samples) of frankfurter with mean (0.597 ppm), while it was recorded in 50 samples of luncheon with mean (0.3839 ppm). The PP-DDT was recorded with highest level in luncheon with value (3.638 ppm) while PP.DDT with lower level was reported in frankfurter with value (1.69856 ppm). Methoxychlor was recorded only in luncheon with value (59.02398 ppm), but not detected in frankfurter. Aldrin was detected only in frankfurter with value (0.756 ppm). Endrin was not recorded in luncheon and frankfurter. PP. DDD was recoded in luncheon with value (0.445 ppm) but not in frankfurter.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175814_803975f0aa89f5a7dab593a3cd013641.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Virulent genes of Campylobacter jejuni contaminating in chicken cuts and giblets.15716017581110.21608/bvmj.2021.54906.1320ENSaad M.SaadDepartment of Food Hygiene and control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityMohamed A.HassanDepartment of Food Hygiene and control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityNahla A.Bou El RoosAnimal Health Research Institute, Shebin El Koom Branch.EmanGomaaAnimal Health Research Institute, Shebin El Koom Branch.Journal Article20201230The objective of this examination is to decide the predominance of Campylobacter spp. in some chicken cuts and giblets items by utilizing both ordinary and sub-atomic techniques. Campylobacter is zoontic spp.widelyhus,120 chicken item tests (25g of each) were gathered from different general stores at Menofia legislature of chicken breast, thigh, liver and gizzard. Most examples were defiled with Campylobacter species and chicken liver demonstrated the most elevated pollution (56.67%) trailed by gizzard (53.33%), thigh (30%) and breast (23.33%). Campylobacter.jejuni was the most segregated serotype (6.67%),(13.33%),(16.67%) and (23.33%) in breast,thight,gizzard and liver ,individually. hipO quality was identified in secluded C. jejuni. Harmfulness qualities cdtA, cdtB and cdt C, cdtA and cdtC, cdtB and cdtC, CdtA, CdtB and CdtC were 30% , 15%, 25%, 10%, 15% and 5% of the detached C. jejuni strains, separately. At long last, the use of atomic techniques is more greatr than regular strategies in identification of Campylobacter serotypes.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175811_403dc7b0a6ca90ad1020e7c9dccee85c.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Chemical residues in burger and sausage meat products16116417581310.21608/bvmj.2021.62018.1340ENElliaMehawedDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Agri. Res. Center, Animal Health Res. Institute, Dokki- Giza.Mohamed A.El. ShaterDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Agri. Res. Center, Animal Health Res. Institute, Dokki- Giza.Mohamed A.HasanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityHemmat M.IbrahimDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210210In this study total of 150 samples of burger and sausage meat products (75 of each) were collected from local and supermarkets in Giza governorate, Egypt. The samples were subjected to determination of residue levels of antibiotics, zeranol, trenbolone, heavy metals (Cadmium, Lead, Zinc and Arsenic) and pesticides (organophosphorus and organochlorine). The study proved that the incidence percent of antibiotics, organophosphorus and arsenic residues were zero in all samples of burger and sausage, while zeranol percent in burger were zero but it was recorded in all sausage samples (75) with mean (0.3721 ppb). The trenbolne was recorded in 75 of both burger and sausage samples with mean (0.1368) and (0.14367) ppb respectively. Lead was present in all samples of burger (75) with mean (0.04844 ppm) while lead was present in 50 samples (67%) of sausage with mean (0.2575 ppm). Cadmium was recorded in 50 samples of burger while not recorded in any of sausage samples. Zinc residues were present in all samples of burger and sausage with mean (0.44784) and (0.6132) ppm respectively. The residues of PP.DDT were recorded in all samples of burger and sausage. The value of PP.DDT in sausage (2.476 ppm) is higher than in burger (1.92004 ppm). Methoxychlor was recorded only in burger with value (49.66062 ppm) while methoxychlor was not recorded in sausage samples. Endrin only recorded in burger with value (0.716 ppm) but not recorded in sausage. PP. DDD was recoded in all burger and sausage samples with value (0.464) and (0.614) ppm respectively.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175813_6d94b5da41d43aabf640725f9c188160.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter species in chicken carcasses16516817578310.21608/bvmj.2021.54912.1321ENSaad M. SaadSaadDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityMohamed A.HassanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityNahlaAbou El RoosAnimal Health Research Institute, Shebin El Koom Branch.Eman F.AhmedAnimal Health Research Institute, Shebin El Koom Branch.Journal Article20201230Campylobacter species are basic bacterial microbes that cause gastro enteritis in people, both in most industrialized and most creating countries. Campylobacter has been recuperated from chicken corpses, poultry meat parts and supplies in preparing plants worldwide. The regularly announced pathogenic species is C. jejuni representing over 90% of the cases, trailed by C. coli speaking to 7% of the diseases, with the remainder of cases being chiefly C. lari and C. fetus.The objective of this investigation is to decide the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in some poultry items by utilizing both traditional and recent strategies. One hundred and twenty chicken samples were gathered from different grocery stores at Menofia governorate (25g of every one)taken of chicken breast, thigh, liver and gizzard are taken without any pollution or careless. Most examples were debased with Campylobacter spp. Chicken liver indicated the most elevated defilement item (56.67%) trailed by gizzard(53.33%), thigh (30%) and breast (23.33%) gradually.The level of antimicrobial resistance rate of C.jejuni to cephalothin, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin ,gentamicin,streptomycin,ciprofloxacin,neomycin,chloramphenicol were 22.2%,33.3%,94.5%,77.8 % ,11.1% ,5.5%,100%,44.4%,61.5and44.4% individually.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175783_ee6b03e1850d7c0e76e2db6dbce045ef.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Effects of lemon and kiwi juice in reduction of some pathogens contaminating chicken breast meat16917317581510.21608/bvmj.2021.58008.1329ENAlaa KamalAminFood hygiene and control department,faculty of veterinary medicine,benha universityMohamedHassanfood hygiene and control department, faculty of veterinary medicine,benha universityHemmatIbrahimMeat hygeine, faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptRehamAminFaculty of veterinary medicine, benha universityJournal Article20210113The unacceptable bad quality meat of chickens is a problem for the poultry industry. Therefore, the main objective of current study was improve the sensory, microbiological quality of row hen meat and inhibit the growth of Enterobacteriacea and Staphylococcus using natural juices of kiwi, lemon and their combination and to investigate the deterioration criteria and sensory quality of treated meat during refrigerated storage. Five groups were marinated in marinade solutions containing fruit juices as follow: the 1st group was containing 5% kiwi juice, the 2nd group was containing 10% kiwi juice, the 3rd group was containing 0.04% lemon juice, the 4th group was containing 0.2% lemon juice, the 5th group was containing combination of 10% kiwi juice and 0.2% lemon juice and the 6th group was used as acontrol without kiwi or lemon, all groups were stored at 4ᵒC. Results revealed that using lemon 0,04%, lemon 0.2%, kiwi5%, kiwi10% and mix (lemon 0.2% + kiwi 10%) in zero day made reduction in total bacterial count by 95.3%, 98%, 73.9%, 89.3% and 93.3% respectively and reduction in count of Enterobacteriacae by 58%, 99.8%, 89.23%, 95.64% and 95.51% respectively and reduction in Staphylococcus count by 65.15%, 96.74%, 60.60%, 93.18% and 93.68 respectivly so, it can be used as natural preservatives to control food poisoning diseases , increase shelf life on chicken meat.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175815_cce2c9b5b06653781f72a325c1bb7b6e.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658140120210301Hepatitis A related to foods17417918246810.21608/bvmj.2020.16312.1083ENEsraaKhattabFood Quality Control Program (FQCP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.FahimShaltoutFaculty of Veterinary Medicine ,Benha University .egyptIslamI.sFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Journal Article20190827Hepatitis A is caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV). Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is classified as a picornavirus.<br /> Hepatitis A virus infection occurs globally and is causing a public health concern, primarily in developing countries due to its persistent circulation in the environment. <br /> The improved sanitary condition and increase in awareness of personal hygiene have led to the marked reduction of HAV prevalence in industrialized countries during childhood and to a shift of the infection towards adulthood. <br /> HAV is an environmentally stable, positive single stranded RNA virus that is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, person to person contact or ingestion of contaminated food and drink. <br /> One of the main causes leading to HAV infection is epidemiologically linked to the consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish particularly oysters and clams. Due to their filter-feeding style, these shellfishes readily concentrate viruses from the surrounding water containing municipal sewage, and as a consequence pose a health threat to consumers. <br /> Therefore, development of detection techniques possessing the requisite sensitivity and specificity for the practical routine monitoring purposes is of great importance necessary for the protection of shellfish-consuming public. Nucleic acid based method such as reverse transcription PCR has emerged as the popular method of choice in view of rapidity, accuracy and sensitivity in contrary of the time-consuming conventional cell culture and hybridization techniques. The low concentration of viral genome present in the environmental sample which requires effective isolation and concentration of virions and the labor-extensive purification, removal of PCR inhibitors will be unfavorablehttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_182468_bd17a88f7a6f903a76e4cb87dece6d63.pdf