Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Molecular studies on some antibiotic-resistant genes of Klebsiella species isolated from chicken1521302910.21608/bvmj.2021.99433.1475ENAshrafAbd El-TawabDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptEnasSolimanDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000000300302845El-SaidEl-DahshanDepartment of Microbiology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Shebin Elkoom, Menoufia, EgyptAbdelrhimEl-BeryThe university city, Menoufia University, EgyptJournal Article20211009klebsiella species are one of the key issues that have been steadily rising in intensive poultry production, causing great economic losses. The main cause of this uncomfortable condition is the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and have food safety risks because it can act as a source of contamination for chicken meat and eggs. In the present study, we aim to isolation and identification of klebsiella spp and Molecular screening of antibiotics resistance genes that present in isolated Klebsiella spp. Twenty-Eight klebsiella species obtained from 50 healthy chickens differentiated into 21/28 (75%)Klebsiella pneumoniae and 7/28 (25%) Klebsiella oxytoca. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing against 12 commonly used antibiotics in chicken farms revealed that klebsiella species were fully resistant to oxytetracycline (100%) and penicillin (100%) and trimethoprim (100%) and moderate resistance to cefadroxil, doxycycline, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime and lowest resistance to meropenem and klebsiella species extremely susceptible to amikacin (100%), tobramycin (100%) and norfloxacin (100%). A total of 12 klebsiella species differentiated into 9 klebsiella pneumoniae and 3 klebsiella oxytoca screened to find ESBL coding gene in the klebsiella species. The isolates were found to have bla SHV (100%), bla TEM (91.7%), and bla CTX-M (83.4%).https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_213029_ebc7dc83b254a2840803da5df4ad30dc.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Molecular characterization of some antibiotic resistant genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different sources and human61022176310.21608/bvmj.2021.89947.1460ENMansoorMohammedDeratment of bacteriology , immunology and mycology , Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.AshrafAbd El-TawabDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptFatmaEl HofyDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptHendSorourThe Reference Lab. for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Institute – Dokki– Giza.MarwahAbd AliDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptR.HHamoudaAnimal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20210809This work aims to be studying the genetic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 200 samples collected from humans (mouth, pharynx and hand) and different sources as poultry, milk and human food. With a focusing on their genetic characteristics interesting to their resistance genes against to some antibiotics that well be used for treatment of infected cases with these isolated S.aureus strains. A total of 23 isolates of S. aureus were identified from the collected 200 samples in an incidence rate of (11.5%). additionally, the strains were screened for resistance against to 11 different antimicrobial agents. The strains showed a high level of resistance about (85-90%) to methicillin, penicillin, tobramycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazone-trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin. furthermore, moderate resistance to gentamycin, levofloxacin and lomfloxacin about (40-60%). While the clindamycin and tetracycline antimicrobial agents were had a very low resistance, reaching (5-10%).<br /> The isolated S.aureus strains were monitored for the most important resistant genes including mecA, blaZ and tetK were recorded in an incidence rate of (100%), while the resistant genes aac(6')aph(2") and norA were (45.5%) and (90.9%) respectively.This work revealed that about 70% of the isolated S.aureus strains were resistant to most of applied antibiotic drugs, .i.e. there is a high level of drug resistant S. aureus strains. Therefore, the miss, hub-hazzarad and uncontrolled use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine must be prevented.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221763_bd6264843644c51480aa3f3121745a63.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Detection of Bovine Ephemeral Fever Virus (BEFV) in Three Egyptian Governorates During Summer of 2019.111522176410.21608/bvmj.2021.89549.1459ENIngy A. M.ElgendyVeterinary Serum & Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.AtyyatKotbVeterinary Serum & Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.MohammadKhodierVeterinary Serum & Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.Saad S.A.SharawiDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20210816Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV),an economically important arthropod-borne viral pathogen,causes bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) in cattle and water buffalo. In the current study, we detected the BEFV in threeEgyptian governorates(Giza, Menofia and Sharqiyah) throughisolation, serological and molecular identification of the virus from naturally infected cattle. Fifty-five cattle showed symptoms suspected to be BEF represented by fever, lameness, subcutaneous emphysema, and recumbence. Serum samples were obtained for evaluation the immune status of affected cattle and buffy coat samples were subjected to trials of virus isolation on baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cell line and also inbaby mice where positive results were recorded among 10 samples only (4 samples form Giza, 3 samples from each Menofia and Sharqiyah).SNT results revealed that all the infected cattle had very low titers of BEFV serum neutralizing antibody which indicated that such were fully susceptible to the infection.Serological identification including direct fluorescent antibody technique (dFAT) and virus neutralization assay (VN)confirmed that the obtained viral isolatesare BEFV. Further confirmation by reverse trascriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the glycoprotein (G) gene showed positive amplification reaction of the target geneat the correct size of 500bp. Consequently, further future work for molecular analysis of such recent isolates will be conducted for evaluation of the circulating BEFV in these governorates in Egypt.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221764_508521d9cc7b73306f82ddca4a21e655.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Bacterial evaluation of the quality of farmED FISH of Kafr El- Sheikh city in EGYPT162122048010.21608/bvmj.2021.80430.1433ENDaliaAnter EsmailDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptMohamedHassanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptEngy FawzyElbahyFood Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20210617In the current study, a total 90 samples were collected random way from three different fish species (<em>Ttilapia niloticus, Mugil cephalus </em>and <em>Clarias) </em>30 of each type collected from Kafr El-Sheikh city, Egypt. These samples were subjected for bacteriological examination to evaluate the quality and freshness in farmed fish. The mean value of <em>total bacterial count / g of Tilapia</em> niloticus, Mugil cephalus and <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> were 6.73×10<sup>4</sup> ± 2.03 ×10<sup>4</sup>, 8.33×10<sup>3</sup>±2.32× 10<sup>3 </sup>and 4.1×10<sup>3</sup> ± 7.69×10<sup>2</sup> cfu/g, respectively. The mean values of coliformscount / g were 3.25×10<sup>2 </sup>± 8.04×10, 2.1×10<sup>2</sup> ± 6.74×10 and 1.06×10<sup>2</sup> ± 5.0×10 MPN/g, respectively. The mean values of staphylococcal count /g were 2.44×10<sup>5</sup> ±7.13×10<sup>4</sup>, 8.67×10<sup>3 </sup>±2.23×10<sup>3 </sup>and 4.74×10<sup>4</sup> ± 7.48×10<sup>3</sup> cfu/g respectively. The incidence of <em>S. aureus </em>wa<em>s </em>33.3%, 30% and 46% respectively<em>, E. coli was </em>36.6%,26.6% and 43.33%,salmonella was 33.3%,16<em>.6% and 36.3%, Aeromonas hydrophila was 80%,76.6%</em> and 90<em>% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 43.3%, 80% and 76.6%.</em>https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_220480_9d023222de57f857e1fc7dbe35249f0b.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Chemical evaluation of the quality of farmed fish in Kafr El-Sheikh city in Egypt222622047910.21608/bvmj.2021.80291.1431ENDaliaAnter EsmailDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptEngy FawzyElbahyFood Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, GizaMohamedHassanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210617In this Present study was conducted in farmed fish in Kafr El- Sheikh City to find out the chemical evaluation of the quality of most famous types of fish in Kafr El- Sheikh City to determine the nutritional value of these cultured freshwater fishes. Quality indices were evaluated in 90 samples from three different fish species collected randomly from farms of Kafr El-Sheikh city (Mugil cephalus, tilapia niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) 30 of each were collected from different farms in Kafr El –Shiekh city, Egypt. Results of pH, total volatile nitrogen (TVN) "mg N /100g", Trimethylamine (TMA)" mg /100g", Thiobarbituric acid (TBA)" mg/kg" and Histamine mg ̸100g''. Result for Tilapia niloticus were ''5.20±.154, 28.55±3.09,4.09±0.24, 3.50±0.144,15.49±2.05", respectively for Mugil cephalus were" 5.25±0.112,21.68±1.53, 3.31±0.351, 2.21±0.252, 11.39±1.43" respectively, for Clarias gariepinus were '' 9.20±1.74, 25.98±1.91, 4.36±0.543, 2.02±0.276, 17.18±2.24'' respectively. This study, can show the nutritional quality and freshness of Tilapiai niloticus,Mugil cephalus and Clarias gariepinus.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_220479_9c50b6c23ee1f69627fabc0c87528c29.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Assessment of bacterial critical control points in chicken meat meals served for students in an University hostel273122176510.21608/bvmj.2021.93296.1467ENAEdrisDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptM.OIslamDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptISabekDepartment of Food Hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, EgyptA. KAbd-AllaDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210829A grand 75 random samples of chicken meals represented by defrosted chicken, recently cooked chicken meat and late cooked chicken meat (25 of each) were collected from the restaurant in an univeristy student hostel governorat Qalubiea . thirty swabs from handlers, knives and cutting boards of chicken (10 for each) were collected for bacteriological examination . The average values of The total aerobic count of the different critical bacteriological points for examined chicken samples were 1.8x105a ±4.2x104 in the defrosted chicken and 1x102b ±1.8x10 in recently cooked chicken and 1.8x105a ±4.2x104in the late cooked chicken meat and . The incidence of Salmonellae, , E.coli and S.aureus in examined samples from receiving to serving were 8%, 4% and 2% in defrosted chicken, they failed to be isolated from recently chicken and 0%, 4% and 0% in late served chicken. The incidence of Salmonellae, S.aureus,and E.coli in cutting boards swab samples were 10%, 0%,1 0% , in knives swab samples were 10%, 0%, 0% and in workers hands swab samples were 0%, 30%, 20% ,respectively. The suggestive hygienic measures to improve the quality of meat meals and methods of prevention of contamination of these meals were discussed.<br /> Keywords: Defrosted chicken ,recently cooked , late served chicken meals, handlers, knieves and cutting boards, APC, , Enterobacteriaceae , Coliform Salmonellae, S. aureus, and E.colihttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221765_8e2d78d59a5739dd6a9c07eaebcccea0.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Enterotoxigenic Staphylococci as potential hazards in meat meals prepared at restaurant level323722176810.21608/bvmj.2021.96930.1472ENMarwa ElsayedGewelyDepartment of meat hygiene, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Benha university, Benha, EgyptFatenHasanineDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptAmaniSalemDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptNahlaShawkyDepartment of Food Hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute, shebin El –Kom branch, EgyptJournal Article20210927Enterotoxigenic Staphylococci are associated with food poisoning infection especially in ready to eat meals ingestion causing serious health hazards. A total of 150 random samples of prepared meat meals represented by beef kofta, hawawshi, chicken shawarma, chicken pane, fish fillet and fried tilapia (25 of each) were gathered from several restaurants in Egypt's Menoufia governorate and analyzed bacteriologically for detection of enterotoxigenic staphylococci. The obtained results showed that, the mean values of Staphylococci counts (CFU/g) were 2.3×103±0.35×103 in beef kofta, 2.5×103±0.1×103 in hawawshi, 8.1×103±0.21×104 in chicken shawarma, 2.1×103±0.45×103 in chicken pane, 3.8х103±0.06х103 in fish fillet, 7.6х103±0.13х103 in fried tilapia. Also, S. aureus had mean values of 1.3×103±0.23×103, 1.5×103±0.21×103, 4.5×103±0.01×103, 1.5×103±0.31×103, 2.2х103±0.05х103, 3.0х103±0.03х103 (CFU/g ) and with incidences of 24%, 20 %, 24 %, 12 %, 16 % and 12% in the examined samples of beef kofta, hawawshi, chicken shawarma, chicken pane, fish fillet and fried tilapia, respectively. Restrict hygienic measures should be applied to prevent food contamination.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221768_cecc069dfe684087fe286b04e8fd505f.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thyme essential oil on the quality of the chicken fillet384022177010.21608/bvmj.2021.107456.1488ENAsmaaRagabDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptAbobakr M.EdrisDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptFahim A.E.ShaltoutDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptAmani M.SalemDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20211122This study aimed to assess the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2), Thyme essential oil, and a mixture of both on the quality of chicken fillets. Fresh chicken breast fillets samples were treated with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles as a trial (T), Thyme oil (2%) as a trial (O) individually and in mix of both as a trial (M). All samples were examined during cold storage (4 ± 1 °C at zero, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 days from sensory, bacteriologically and chemical points of view. The results indicated a positive effect on the shelf life of treated samples as compared to untreated ones especially in trial (M). On the other hand, there was a good antibacterial activity of such treatment on APC, Psychrotrophic and coliform counts. Also, the results showed that pH, TBA and TVN values were increased but not reached to spoilage (6.4) in all Thyme oil 2% treated samples; which gave the best effectiveness followed by TiO<sub>2 </sub>and finally the combination of both Thyme oil 2% and TiO<sub>2</sub>.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221770_4dcd8c9185a6c4ec12d35ee92dbcc52d.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Effects of different repeated freeze-thaw cycle processes on the physicochemical quality of chicken meat cuts414522177310.21608/bvmj.2021.101482.1479ENShaimaa AEl-BarodyDepartment of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Dalia FKhaterAnimal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch, EgyptAmani MSalemDepartment of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20211024The study was undertaken to assess physicochemical quality changes in chicken meat cuts those caused due to repeated freeze-thaw cycles by four different thawing methods. Totally, 48 random samples of freshly slaughtered chicken samples were collected from local commercial retail shops in Tanta city (Gharbia governrate,Egypt) and submitted to freezing at-18ᴼC for 1 week then. Four varying thawing methods were done in microwave oven for 1 minute, in refrigerator at 3 ᴼC for 22 hours. packed in low-density polyethylene bags and placed under tap water for 4 hours and at room temperature for 4 hours. The obtained results revealed that pH and TVN decreased in all samples with different ratio. Actually, the lowest TBA values (mg malonaldehyde/ kg) in breast and thigh meat cut samples thawed and re-thawed in microwave were 0.56 ±0.03,0.73±0.01,0.86±0.05 and 0.80±0.02, respectively. While, protein % in breast and thigh meat samples thawed and re-thawed in refrigerators showed the best values (17.53±0.35,17.40±0.10,17.26±0.20 and 17.33±0.15), however, the fat % were 3.70±0.10,3.86±0.15,3.56±0.05 and 3.66±0.15, respectively. Overall, the pH and TVN values decrease in all samples by different ratio. Accurately, the samples thawed in microwave showed the lowest TBA values while in refrigerators method showed best protein and fat values.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221773_8060424fda2eba3d316f9fe34464d746.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Biogenic Amines as Serious Residues in Some Meat Products Marketed in Qalyubia, Egypt.465022178310.21608/bvmj.2021.100027.1477ENReham HassanBazFood hygiene and control department, faculty of vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptSaad MahmoudSaadFood hygiene and control department, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptMohamed AhmedHassanFood hygiene and control department, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha university, EgyptAmina MElraisFood hygiene and control department. Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha university, Egypt0000-0002-7067-2609Journal Article20211011ABSTRACT<br /> Biogenic amines are undesirable components that result from the proteolytic activity and amino acid decarboxylation activity of undesired contaminating microbial flora present in food which make them of great concern in food hygiene and public health. Practical applications were conducted to determine the prevalence of some biogenic amines in various meat products by measuring the levels of histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYR), Putrescine (PUT), and cadaverine (CAD) in such products, a total of 90 random samples of beef burgers, kofta, and sausage (30 of each) were collected from different markets in Qalyubia governorate and analyzed for biogenic amines by HPLC. The obtained results indicated that the mean values of histamine, tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine (mg/kg) were 11.05 ± 0.62, 5.81 ± 0.45, 3.95 ± 0.29 and 2.43 ± 0.18 for beef burgers, 14.49 ± 0.87, 9.36 ± 0.73, 6.21 ± 0.37 and 3.91 ± 0.26 for kofta; and 19.71 ± 1.10, 12.97 ± 0.89, 7.88 ± 0.51 and 7.47 ± 0.50 for sausage samples respectively. Accordingly, the permissible limits recommended by EOS (2010), only 10% of beef burgers, 13.33% of kofta, and 20% of sausage samples were unaccepted based on their HIS and TYR levels; while, only one (1.11%) sample of the examined sausage was unaccepted and exceeding the permissible limits of cadaverine.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221783_8361b9f518809ee1e7b4da49da1b5f22.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Sensory and bacteriological profiles of chicken meat under different thawing processes515522517710.21608/bvmj.2021.101471.1478ENShaimaa AEl-BarodyDepartment of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.DaliaKhaterAnimal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch, EgyptAmaniSalemDepartment of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20211024Freezing is an important accepted method of food preservation to keep the safety of meat products. The methodology used in freezing and thawing processes can effect on the quality of frozen foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory and microbial analysis of about 48 random samples of freshly slaughtered chicken breast and thigh meat (24 for each). Samples were collected from local commercial retail shops in Tanta city submitted to freezing (-18ᴼC) for (1 week). Then, four different thawing methods were evaluated by using microwave oven for one minute, refrigeration at around 3 ᴼC for 22 hrs., under tap water for 4hrs. and finally at room temperature for 4 hrs. The obtained results revealed that the best sensory character for breast and thigh meat samples thawed and rethawed in refrigerator were 8.6,8.6,7 and 8, respectively. Also the best APC (log cfu/g) in breast and thigh meat samples thawed and rethawed in microwave were 3.84±0.06, 00.00,4.78±0.43 and 2.01±1.7, respectively. As well as the best Enterobacteriaceae count was in breast and thigh meat samples thawed and rethawed in microwave were 0.00,0.00,0.00 and 1.86, respectively. Overall, using of the microwave thawing was faster than the traditional one and showed the less bacterial load, while thawing in refrigerator was showed the best sensory quality.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_225177_7bafefbeb32e100b7fd5b72ff280a9d7.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Modified form of the Elnady Techinque for tissues preservation566022178510.21608/bvmj.2021.95641.1470ENAnwarElShafeyAnatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityYasmeenMagdyAnatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt .Ahmed Mohamed Alhussaini Ali Abdel-rahmanHamadFood Control; Faculty of veterinary medicine; Benha University; Tukh; Egypt0000-0001-5037-9379OsamaAhmeddepartment of Anatomy &amp; Embryology
faculty of veterinary medicine , Benha universityJournal Article20210917The continuous exposure of students to formalin leads to severe adverse effects on their health, in addition to the annual increase in the number of students with the stability of the financial resources of the college, made the need to develop new ways through which to overcome those challenges, which is a modified form of the Elnady Technique for tissues preservation, where the Heparin was injected into the common carotid artery to complete the bleeding process, the technique has proceeded at room temperature and the chemicals used are easily obtainable and cheap including formalin, acetone, glycerin and cornstarch for fixation, dehydration, impregnation and curing respectively. The produced specimens are naturalistic, long-lastingand have no offensive odor. They can be used instead of using the killed animals for dissection in teaching veterinary anatomy, embryology, pathology, ichthyology, parasitology and forensic medicine. They may play a great role in enhancing clinical and surgical skills training.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221785_21c69a6830d560c608bb4fc200697a01.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101A histological study on the prenatal development of the parathyroid gland of Guinea pig with relation to bone formation.616522178610.21608/bvmj.2021.92372.1464ENAya HamdyTantawyHistology department, faculty of veterinary medicine, benha university, EgyptHossam FouadAttiaHistology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000-0002-9245-4047Ehab MahmoudEl ZoghbyHistology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptMahmoud AbdelghaffarEmamHistology Department,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20210823Parathyroid gland had a great importance in maintenance of bone mineralization via the action of parathyroid hormone in maintaining the balance of serum calcium level. This study aimed to demonstrate the developmental histological structure of parathyroid gland and bone during prenatal life. Parathyroid gland of 25 ED was originated from third pharyngeal pouch as endodermal thickening from the wall of pouch then at 27 ED appeared as a few polyhedral cells. At 30 ED, parathyroid gland appeared as single pair small condensation of cells close to trachea, thyroid gland and thymus. A 65 ED, the cells of parathyroid gland showed different cytoplasmic changes according to hormone secretion. At early prenatal stage, femur and vertebrae were composed of both cartilage and bone. At 65 ED, femur became formed of spongy bone. While, ribs were consisted of hyaline cartilage only at the early prenatal stage, then became ossified at late prenatal stage, 65 ED.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221786_e46ce8047e1d51109dfca4870ef3fae8.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Postnatal developmental studies on the parathyroid gland of male Guinea pig with relation to bone formation667222178710.21608/bvmj.2021.92683.1466ENAya HamdyTantawyHistology department, faculty of veterinary medicine, benha university, EgyptHossam FouadAttiaHistology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000-0002-9245-4047Ehab MahmoudElzoghbyHistology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptMahmoud AbdelghaffarEmamHistology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20210825Blood calcium level can be controlled by the action of parathyroid gland on the bone via parathyroid hormone that responsible for bone mineralization. The study aimed to demonstrate the developmental histological structure of parathyroid gland and bone from one day after birth to twenty four month. Forty-five male Guinea pigs, immature and mature were used for this study. Samples were taken from parathyroid gland and bone and processed for histological examination. Parathyroid gland formed of fibrous capsule and fine septa extending to cellular parenchyma which contained both chief and oxyphil cells. From age of 1 day to 17 month, only chief cells with no differentiation were present in parathyroid gland. Chief cells cytoplasm might be granular, vacuolated or empty according to secretory activity of cells. At 18 month, oxyphil cells started to appear however, chief cells were differentiated into dark and light cells at 24 months. Compact bone was characterized by regular bone lamellae around vascular Haversian vessels that penetrated the bone instead of Haversian canals in Guinea pig. At early life, bone was not completely ossified forming from hyaline cartilage and spongy bone. Vertebrae were completely ossified at 4 month of age and consisted of spongy bone. At 2 weeks and 1 month, femur and ribs were completely ossified consisting of compact bone.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221787_64a1cdea122d717b6ca36321a917f560.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Linseed oil supplementation improves altered lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in induced obese rats737822178810.21608/bvmj.2021.98099.1473ENEsraa MagdySeliemDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000-0003-2335-0874MohamedAzabDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptRandaIsmailaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptAbeerNafeaaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt0000-0003-4011-7951Journal Article20211103The present work was performed to elucidate the effect of linseed oil supplementation on metabolic disorders in induced obese male albino rats. Thirty male Albino Wister rats were used in this investigation. They were categorized into two groups. 10 rats received a control diet and 20 rats supplied a high-fat diet for 2 months till the induction of obesity. Then, rats were split into 3 groups (10 rats each). Group I, rats maintained on a control diet. Group II rats were maintained on HFD only. group III received HFD with 30% linseed oil supplementation for further two months. At the end of the experiment, the rats' body and organs weights were assessed. Blood samples and adipose tissue were obtained for analysis. The results revealed that linseed oil supplementation caused a substantial (P < 0.05) reduction in serum TC, TAG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR. However, HDL-C and adiponectin levels showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase when compared with the HFD group. Linseed oil supplementation also caused significant downregulation of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene expression, however, the GLUT4 gene showed significant upregulation. From the obtained results it could be concluded that linseed oil has an ameliorative effect on altered lipid profile caused by obesity. In addition, linseed oil caused improvement of insulin resistance in addition to the pro and anti-inflammatory biomarkers.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221788_cca443feb8bfd583a5c2a83acfe9dbe7.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Some Biochemical Changes and Role of Micro RNA 34 a-5p and Micro RNA 365a-5p as A Diagnostic Marker in Chronic Hepatitis C (HCV).798322179810.21608/bvmj.2021.105917.1485ENAMMohamedDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Benha UniversityMohamedMahfouzDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Benha UniversityHossamAminDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.ShimaaMohamedDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.Journal Article20211113Hepatitis C virus caused acute and chronic hepatitis. Micro RNA could be used as disease biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate Micro RNA34a-5p , Micro RNA 365a-5p and biochemical analysis as an accurate diagnostic biochemical marker for chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV).<br /> The present study included 17 individuals had chronic liver disease, who admitted to Banha University Hospital. After investigating 5 patients from all patients, were found to be positive PCR chronic HCV. 10 control negative serum samples were collected from the control healthy group. Biochemical analysis was done for investigating liver function parameters (ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, GGT, ALP and ALB), and hematological analysis including TLC, HB concentration and platelet count. AFP as a tumor marker indicator. RNA was extracted from serum samples for gene expression of microRNA34 a-5p and microRNA 365a-5p. Results: HCV group showed a significant increase liver function parameters (ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, GGT, ALP) while there was a significant reduction in the albumin levels. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in TLC with non-significant decrease in the HB concentration and the platelet count. AFP concentration in HCV group was significantly increased compared to the control group. HCV group revealed a significant increase (8.98 ± 0.34) in mRNA34, with a significant decrease in mRNA365 (0.25 ± 0.03). We concluded that mRNA34a-5p and mRNA365a-5p expressions in addition to different biochemical analysis can be used as an accurate diagnostic marker for HCV diagnosishttps://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221798_c303dc38a56780057661aee8789e313b.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Growth performance and some related growth genes expression for some native layer and hybrid broiler chicken breeds848722180010.21608/bvmj.2021.96000.1471ENSamar HosnyBalozaGenetic and Genetic engineering, Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.0000-0002-5834-4637FatmaEl-gendyGenetic and Genetic engineering, Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.0000-0003-1092-0604Journal Article20210919This research was carried out to evaluate the difference in the mRNA genetic expression of the liver genes as adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), cytochrome oxidase subunit III (COX III), Insulin like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBp2) and Avian uncoupling protein (Av UCP), as well as growth performance include (body weight and body weight gain ) between Cobb broilers and Fayoumi native breeds. 120 females of one-day-old Cobb and Fayoumi chicks had beenused. Chicks were distributed equally in three replicates. the results showed that, expression of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) had non-significant difference between cobb and Fayoumi (P > 0.05) but there was significant difference in COX III, IGFBp2 , Av UCP gene expressions and body weight, body weight gain between cobb and Fayoumi breeds.(P<.05). From the obtained results it could be concluded that, variations in the genetic expression levels of the mitochondrial genes (ANT, COX III, Av UCP) and growth-related gene (IGFBp2) related to differences in growth performance of chickens are good biomarkers for selection and improvement of growth traits in chickens.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221800_403a32b8f3d170b2ae1ea3cd1b5a836e.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Evaluation of Some Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Influencing 305-DMY, TMY and Breeding values in Holstein Friesian Cows889222180610.21608/bvmj.2021.92213.1463ENSalwaShalanAnimal Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.EmanManaaAnimal Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.0000-0002-1451-2029HadeelEl-QalioubyAnimal Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.0000-0002-0529-4197Journal Article20210824Productive and reproductive records of 1509 Holstein Friesian were collected from private farm to study the influence of genetic ( heritability(h2),phenotypic correlation(r p),genetic correlation(r G) and estimated breeding value (EBV)) and environmental factors such as days in milk (DIM), dry period (DP), calving interval (CI),parity, season of calving, days open (DO) and age at first calving(AFC) on 305-day milk yield (305-DMY) and total milk yield (TMY).This study recorded highly significant (P≤ 0.01) effect of all studied variables on TMY trait. DIM and DP had significant effect on 305-DMY, however the effect of parity and DO on 305-DMYwere non-significant (P≥0.05). The average EBV for DP and CI were higher in dam than in cow, and sire. Also, for 305-DMY and DIM, they were higher in cow than in dam and, sire. For TMY, it was higher in sire than in cow and, dam. Medium heritability estimates for TMY, DIM, CI and DO were (0.32, 0.33, 0.29 and 0.29, respectively), while low heritability estimate 0.07was recorded for DP. Finally, there are positive phenotypic correlation(r p) between all studied traits except305-DMY had negative r p with DP and CI. Cattle’s breeders must consider the environmental factors in manage mental program because they greatly affect the farm profitability and they must select individuals with higher breeding values to be the parents of the next generation.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221806_6178698f85f10169e0676536e530d993.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Serological And Antibacterial Characteristics of Salmonella Isolates From Chickens In Assiut, Egypt939922180710.21608/bvmj.2021.93816.1468ENAmanyAbd El-MohsenAvian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.S.El-SherryDepartment of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Mohamed A.Solimanpoultry and fish diseases department, faculty of veterinary medicine, Minia university, EL-Minia 61519, EgyptOmarAmenAvian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Journal Article20210910Abstract:<br /> Two hundred and twenty specimens from diseased and freshly dead chickens gathered under complete aseptic conditions and transported to the laboratory of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Assiut University. Samples were processed for bacteriological and biochemical examinations; suspected Salmonella isolates were serologically identified. Standard disc diffusion technique was used for antibacterial sensitivity testing of the isolated Salmonella.<br /> Minimum antibacterial inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined.<br /> 11.36% (25/220) out of the examined chicken samples were infected with Salmonella. The infection was more prevalent in two-weeks old chickens (20%) than 4weeks-old (5%). Salmonella was frequent in liver and spleen (13.33%, 11.26%, respectively) than caecum and yolk sac (9.3%, 6.25%, respectively). The isolated Salmonellae were serotyped as S. Kentucky (27.77%), S. Enteritidis (22.22%), S. Typhimurium (16.66%), S. Molade (11.11%), while S. Inganda, S. Papuana, S. Wingrove and S. Larochelle encountered in the same percent (5.55%). These obtained isolates exhibited complete antibacterial resistance to amoxicillin and ampicillin (100%), but (88.88%) resistance to cefotaxime and oxytetracycline, (83.33%) to erythromycin, (72.22%) to doxycycline, (66.66%) to neomycin and (61.11%) resistance to amikacin. Somewhat, antibacterial sensitivity was noticed to colistin (55.55%), spectinomycin (44.44%) and norfloxacin (33.33%). Based on MIC, colistin and florfenicol were the most sensitive antibacterial at a lower MIC value (<2μg/ml).https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221807_ed35ca1b72a76df2b6cff1b810ff216e.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Histopathology and molecular detection of Brucella melitensis Infection in small ruminants10010522180910.21608/bvmj.2021.103560.1482ENDALALMANSOURAnimal Health Research Institute, Dokki, EgyptAbdEl-basetEl-mashadDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptShawkyMoustafaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptAzizaAminDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptHodaZakiAnimal Health Research Institute, Dokki, EgyptJournal Article20211030Abstract<br /> The present study was planned to detect Brucella melitensis infection in small ruminants and related histopathological lesions in organs. The study analyzed 23 animals of seropositive sheep and goats, obligatory slaughtered at different abattoirs in El- Menofia governorate, Egypt. Confirmed diagnosis of B. melitensis was carried out using bacterial isolation and biochemical identification with application of AMOS PCR. The study investigated 24 samples obtained from 5/23 (22 %) confirmed positive animals for Brucella melitensis. Histopathologically, granulomatous and pyogranulomatous reactions, interstitial fibrosis, multifocal necrosis with occasional dystrophic calcification were characteristic lesions of the examined endometrium, mammary glands and lymph nodes. The testis of infected ram revealed testicular degeneration with mild interstitial lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltration. The lymph nodes showed marked lymphoid depletion and diffuse macrophages infiltrates of the medullary sinuses. The study concluded that isolation and identification of organisms with PCR confirmation are the diagnosis gold standard and B. melitensis infection in sheep and goats characterized microscopically by chronic inflammatory reaction and widespread necrosis in different organs.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_221809_d214bba4184eb6e6ae731eef700ee4f3.pdfBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658141220220101Morphopathological Changes of Natural Pneumonic Pasteurellosis in Calves10611322414010.21608/bvmj.2021.106841.1487ENRania MElbatawyDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Tukh, Qalyobiya, Egypt 13736Abdel-Baset IEl-MashadDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Tukh, Qalyobiya, Egypt 13736Aziza AAminDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Tukh, Qalyobiya, Egypt 13736Salma AShoulahDepartment of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Tukh, Qalyobiya, Egypt 137360000-0003-2115-1572SaidElshafaeDept. of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Tukh, QalyobiyaJournal Article20211119Pasteurellosis is one of the infectious diseases of calves causing huge economical losses due to high morbidity, mortality, and treatment expenses of livestock. This study was conducted to describe the clinical presentation and pulmonary lesions of pasteurellosis infected calves. 167 lung specimens were collected from cadaver and slaughtered calves (15 days-2 years) and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) were identified in all the submitted samples using bacteriological examination and qRT-PCR. Our results showed upregulation of outer membrane protein (OMP) (virulent gene) of P. multocida in all submitted bacteriologically confirmed cases of pneumonic pasteurellosis. The clinical signs of infected calves were in form of fever, respiratory distress, frothy salivation, weakness, and inappetence. Grossly, lungs were consolidated with presence of multiple abscesses, hemorrhages, thickened pleura, and prominent interlobular septa. Microscopically, lungs revealed fibrinous, suppurative and fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia with presence of bacterial colonies, heavy infiltrates of inflammatory cells, fibrin and RBCS inside the pulmonary alveoli and bronchioles. Multifocal necrotic areas in pulmonary parenchyma and intra-alveolar degenerated neutrophils (oat cells) were also seen in some pulmonary foci. We concluded that OMP87 overexpression reflects pasteurella infection even in formalin fixed lungs. Pasteurella is one of the prevalent causes of BRD and pneumonia of calves in Kalyobiya governorate. Fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia and multifocal pulmonary necrosis were the predominant lung alterations in calves infected with p. multocida.https://bvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_224140_4b2c5f1a7ca3c0190252ee3dbb288eba.pdf