Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Biochemical Role of Folic Acid Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles Versus Gamma Irradiation in Rats14254090210.21608/bvmj.2018.40902ENSamy AliHusseinDepartment of Biochemistry and clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.HAbdelmaksoudDepartment of Biochemistry and clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.H. MSalehDepartment of Biological Applications, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, EgyptW.FHassaninDepartment of Biological Applications, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, EgyptEmanI. SobehDepartment of Biological Applications, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.Journal Article20190715Gamma radiation produces numerous biological perturbations in cells by direct ionization of DNA and cellular targets and by indirect effect through damage by free radical production. The present study has been carried out to investigate the possible therapeutic effect of folic acid loaded magnetic nanoparticles through injection after body gamma irradiation of rats. We have shown that the folic acid loaded magnetic nanoparticles administration reduced the risk factors induced by γ -radiation. 60 male albino rats of about 130-150 g live body weight were divided into six groups, Negative control (n=10), Magnetic control (n=10), folic acid loaded Magnetic NPs control (n=10), and 6 Gy irradiation group (n=10).Three post irradiation groups where these groups exposed firstly to 6 Gy gamma irradiation then injected (I.p) by magnetite NPs, and folic acid loaded magnetic NPs, twice weekly for three weeks. The rats in all groups were anaesthetized, decapitated,the liverwas excised immediately, and frozen at -80 0c. DNA damage in rat hepatocytes were determined by comet assay, and determined cholesterol and triglyceride concentration. Results showed that whole body gamma irradiation of rats at 6Gy (single dose) induced significant increase in DNA damage (P < 0.05) that was indicated by increase in tail length, tail DNA% and tail moment as compared to control group. And significant increase in the hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides levels was observed after three weeks post-irradiation Administration of folic acid loaded magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) after irradiation induced significant improvement of the DNA damage and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride level. These results indicate the role of folic acid loaded MNPs as a radio protector agent. Further, we also report the radio protective property of folic acid loaded MNPs as demonstrated by reduction in the radiation induced DNA damage, which was measured by alkaline comet assay.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Lycopene and its Potential Role in Diabetic Nephropathy Induced in Rats26414090610.21608/bvmj.2018.40906ENSamyA. HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Mohamed R.R.HassaneinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Maher A.AwadallaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190715Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the main causes of end stage renal disease. The protective effect of lycopene against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress in rats was evaluated. Seventy two male albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I (normal group): rats administered buffer citrate. Group II (DN group): rats received a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injected dose of STZ (50 mg/kg b.wt). Group III (DN + insulin treated group): diabetic nephropathy rats treated with insulin (2U/rat/day/i.p). Group IV (DN + lycopene treated group): diabetic nephropathy rats treated with lycopene (20 mg/kg b.wt/day/orally). The obtained results showed a significant increase in serum glucose, urea, creatinine and kidney tissue L-MDA concentrations with upregulation of NF-kB gene expression in diabetic nephropathy induced rats. However, SOD activity and GSH level of kidney tissues were markedly decreased. Administration of lycopene to DN induced rats caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters towards their normal range. These results suggested that, lycopene treatment may have a protective effect against STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress in rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801The Ameliorative Effect of Proanthocyanidinsagainst Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats42564090810.21608/bvmj.2018.40908ENSamy A.HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptMohamed R.R.HassaneinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptMaher A.AwadallaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20190715Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the main causes of end stage renal disease. The protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress in rats was evaluated. Seventy two male albino rats divided into four groups. Group I (normal group): rats administered buffer citrate. Group II (DN group): rats received a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injected dose of STZ (50 mg/kg b.wt). Group III (DN + insulin treated group): diabetic nephropathy rats treated with insulin (2U/rat/day/i.p). Group IV (DN + GSPE treated group): diabetic nephropathy rats treated with GSPE (250mg/kg b.wt/day/orally). The obtained results showed a significant increase in serum glucose, urea, creatinine and kidney tissue L-MDA concentrations with upregulation of NF-kB gene expression in diabetic nephropathy induced rats. However, SOD activity and GSH level of kidney tissues were markedly decreased. Administration of GSPE to DN induced rats caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters towards their normal ranges. These results suggested that, GSPE treatment may have a therapeutic effect against STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress in rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Activity in Buffaloes with Postparturient Hemoglobinuria57634091310.21608/bvmj.2018.40913ENHayat.FayedDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.M. M.GhanemDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Y. M.Abdel-RaofDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.H. M.El-AttarDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190715The study aims to assess the relation between oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and postparturient hemoglobinuria on70 hemoglobinuria and 30 apparently healthy buffaloes. Blood and serum sampleswere collected and tested for various parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes. Significant increase in erythrocytic MDA (malondialdehyde) whereas significant decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, copper (Cu), selenium (Se),erythrocytic SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPX (glutathione peroxidase) and G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase). According to these results, there was increase in oxidative stress indicator while antioxidant enzymes activities dramatically decreased in postparturient hemoglobinuria (PPH) affected buffaloes. It was concluded that there is relation between oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and PPH in buffaloes.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Potential Role of Thymoquinone in Imidaclopride Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Albino Rats64824091710.21608/bvmj.2018.40917ENSamy A.HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptShaaban S.Khalaf-AllahDepartment of Animal health, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Hanan A.Tag El-DinDepartment of Biochemistry and food deficiency,Animal health research institute,Dokki, Giza,AzizaAminDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med.,Benha University, EgyptRanda M.KhallafDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20190715Medicinal plants have played a vital role in treatment of variety of male reproductive system disorders.Thymoquinone (TQ), is the main active components of Nigella sativa, exhibited very useful biomedical effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anticancer and hypoglycemic effects.The aim of this study was to evaluate the probable protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on imidaclopride (IMI) induced testicular damage in rats. Forty male albino rats were classified randomly into four equal groups. Group1 (control). Group2 (IMI): rats received IMI orally day after day over a period of 8 weeks at a dose level of 21.2 mg/kg b.w (1/20 LD50). Group3 (TQ): rats received TQ orally once per day at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day for 8 weeks. Group 4 (TQ+IMI): rats received TQ (10 mg/kg body weight) orally for 4 days before and along with the administration of (IMI) over a period of 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment blood samples were collected for testosterone and estradiol (E2) hormones determination,semen samples for sperm characteristics evaluation and testes for the determination of MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH and also, for histopathological examination. The obtained results reported the endocrine disruption effect of IMI resembled in marked decline in testosterone hormone, while E2 was markedly elevated. At the same time there was an insignificant reduction at sperm characteristics (motility, viability and count), while there was a highly significance elevation at sperm abnormality. Oxidative stress results showed a significant increase in testicular tissue MDA in imidaclopride intoxicated rats. However, testicular SOD activity, catalase, and GSH concentration were markedly decreased.TQ protection to IMI induced testicular toxicity in rats caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters. These results suggested possible protective role of thymoquinone to improve testicular damage by attenuating the endocrine disruptor effect of IMI on some reproductive hormones, sperm characteristics alterations or oxidative stress markers in rats through its anti-inflammatory activities and free radical scavenging properties.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Attenuating Effect of N-Acetylcysteine onApoptosis Associated with ImidaclopridInduced Testicular Damage inMale Albino Rats83974419910.21608/bvmj.2018.44199ENSamyA. HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.ShaabanS. Khalaf-AllahDepartment of Animal health, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.HananA. Tag El-DinDepartment of Biochemistry and food deficiency,Animal health research institute,Dokki, Giza, Egypt.MohamedS. AlyDepartment of Animal Reproduction and AI.,Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt.RandaM. KhallafDepartment of Biochemistry and food deficiency,Animal health research institute,Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190807N-acetylcysteine (NAC), as a nutritional supplement, is a greatly applied antioxidant invivo and in vitro. NAC is a precursor of L-cysteine that results in glutathione elevation biosynthesis.The therapeutic potential ofN-acetylcysteine<strong> (</strong>NAC) has been investigated as a bioprotective agent against oxidative stress and ischemic injury. Also, it is used as a treatment for certain mental and physical illnesses.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective and attenuatingapoptosis effect ofNACon imidaclopride (IMI) induced testicular damage in rats. Forty male albino rats wereclassified randomly into four equal groups. Group1 (control). Group2 (IMI): rats receivedIMIorally day after day over a period of 8 weeks at a dose level of 21.2mg/kg b.w (1/20 LD50). Group3 (NAC):rats received NAC(200 mg/kg body weight) orally for8 weeks.Group 4 (NAC+IMI): rats received NAC(200 mg/kg body weight) orally for 4 daysbefore and along with the administration of (IMI) over a period of 8 weeks.At the end of the experiment testes were isolated for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced Glutathione (GSH) and comet assay. Also, for histopathological examination.
The obtained results showed a significant increase in testicular tissue MDA, andDNA damage detected by comet assay in imidaclopride intoxicated rats. However, Testicular SOD activity, catalase, and GSH concentration were markedly decreased. Histopathological alteration caused by IMI toxicity were presented by slightly thickened tunica albuginea with less congestion of sub-capsular blood vessels,mild degeneration of the germinal epithelium of some seminiferous tubules with mild interstitial edema.
NACprotection to IMI induced testicular damage in rats caused a significant improvement of
all previous parameters and attenuate the histopathological changes. These results suggested that, NAC treatment exerts a protective effect on testicular damage by improving ofoxidative stress markers and DNA damage detected by comet assayin rats through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Biochemical Effect of Fisetinon Experimentally Induced Liver Damage in Rats981074420210.21608/bvmj.2018.44202ENSamyA. HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.OmaimaA. RagabDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.YakoutA. El SenosiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.ShaimaaA. Abdel-MuttalibDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190807Fisetin (3, 7, 3′, 4′-TetrahydroxyFlavone) is a bioflavonoid found in fruits and vegetables. It displaysawidevariety of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was done to explore the role of fisetin, in ameliorating oxidative damage in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Thirty-six male albino rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (normal control group): rats administered distilled water only. Group II (TAA-intoxicated group): rats received thioacetamide (50 mg/kg b. wt.) intraperitoneally twice weekly for 6 weeks. Group III (TAA + fisetinco-treated group): rats received thioacetamide (50 mg/kg b. wt.) and at the same time administered fisetin (10mg/kg b. wt./daily/orally) for 6 weeks (end of experiment). All animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks. The results revealed that serum levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were significantly elevated in Group II. Oxidative stress in the group II was manifested by a significant rise inMalondialdehyde (L-MDA) levels with a marked reduction in Glutathione (GSH) content and diminished activity of antioxidant enzyme Glutathione-S-Transferase(GST), in liver tissues as compared with the control group. The coadministration of fisetin and thioacetamide (protection modality) restored the thioacetamide induced alterations in liver functions, promoted oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that fisetin treatment protects the hepatocytes by improving the antioxidant competence in hepatic tissues of thioacetamide intoxicated rats.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Antioxidant Potential, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effect of Curcumin in a Rat Model of Hepatotoxicity1081194420510.21608/bvmj.2018.44205ENSamyA. HusseinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.OmaimaA. RagabDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.YakoutA. El SenosiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.ShaimaaA. Abdel-MuttalibDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190807Curcumin [1,7- bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 1,6- heptadiene- 3,5-dione] was shown to exert potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. This study was done to investigate the protective effects of curcumin in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Thirty-six male albino rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (normal control group). Group II (TAA-intoxicated group): rats received thioacetamide (50 mg/kg b. wt. ip) twice weekly for 6 weeks. Group III (TAA + curcumin co-treated group): rats received thioacetamide (50 mg/kg b. wt.) and simultaneously administered curcumin (200 mg/kg b. wt./daily/orally) for 6 weeks (end of experiment). All animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks. TAA administration induced liver damage manifested by the significant increases in serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin compared with control group. Oxidative stress in the group II was manifested by a significant rise in L-MDA levels with a marked reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes like GST, catalase CAT and depletion of GSH content in liver tissues as compared with the control group. On the other hand, TAA significantly affected the inflammation markers represented by elevation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression levels in liver tissues. The coadministration of curcumin and thioacetamide (protection modality) prevented liver injury by normalizing the biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation index and improving the protein oxidation, inflammatory markers and the antioxidant status. These findings suggested that, liver injury could be curtailed by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin and the normal status of the liver could be preserved.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Food Poisoning Bacteria Contaminating Beef at Abattoir Level1201284420710.21608/bvmj.2018.44207ENM.A.HassanFood hygiene & control Dep., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha UnivRehamMoawadVet. Medicine Directorate “Shibin El- KomJournal Article20190807It is very important to achieve the safety and sanitary quality of meat, so we should estimate the bacterial load in beef sample at abattoir level. The study was conducted on 90 beef samples (25 g of each) collected from 3 abattoirs in menofia governorate statistically, the results of aerobic plate count (APC), Enterobacteriaceae count and Staphylococci count, were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the three slaughterhouses A, B and C. The prevalence of the Enteropathogenic E. coli isolated from the beef samples in A, B and C were 16.66 %, 26.66%, and 20 %, respectively. Serologically, the serotypes of E. coli were O26:H11, O114:H4, O172, O128: H172, O 125: H 21, O163:H2, O91: H21, O78, O124, O111:H2, and O158.The prevalence of Salmonella in the three abattoirs were 6.66%, 23.33 %, and 13.33 %, respectively, and the identified serotypes were Salmonella Infantis, Salmonella Typhimurium Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Tsevie, Salmonella Kentucky, Salmonella Heidelberg, and Salmonella Tamale. Also, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 34.44% (31/90) beef samples, with the following percentages from the three abattoirs, 26.66%, 43.33%, and 33.33%, respectively. Conclusively, the results were higher than those recommended by Egyptian Organization of Standardization (EOS), therefore good slaughtering and hygienic practices recommended by general organization for veterinary services (GOVS) must be followed. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Coagulase Negative S. Aureus Isolated from Different Sources1291494421010.21608/bvmj.2018.44210ENAshrafA. Abdel-TawabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Of Vet Med, Benha Univ.SamahF. DarwishBiotechnology Research Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, EgyptFatamaI. El –HofyBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Of Vet Med, Benha Univ.EmanM. ShoiebFac. Of Vet Med, Benha Univ.Journal Article20190807The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic methods that could differentiate coagulase positive S. aureus and coagulase negative S. aureus from other Staphylococci. Therefore, 35 (32.4%) Staphylococcal isolates were isolated out 108 different samples. Identification was performed using combined phenotypic and genotypic methods. Based on phenotypic identification, 15 isolates were coagulase positive Staphylococcal spp. (CPS) and 20 isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococcal spp. (CNS). Out of 15 CPS isolates, 10 (28.5%) isolates were acriflavine resistant and so identified as CPSA while out of 20 CNS isolates, 6(17.14%) isolates were also acriflavine resistant and so identified as CNSA. Based on molecular identification, only 16/35isolates were found to be S. aureus. PCR confirmed the results of acriflavine sensitivity test where out of the 16 PCR confirmed S. aureus isolates, 10 isolates were typical coagulase positive S. aureus and 6 isolates were atypical coagulase negative S. aureus. By using PCR, the spa-X gene was detected in all S. aureus isolates while enterotoxin D gene was detected in only 2(33.3%) of atypical S. aureus isolates. Neither other enterotoxins (A, B, C) nor the pvl genes were detected in any isolate. Genotypic analysis revealed that both typical and atypical S. aureus isolates are virulent. In conclusion, attention must be paid toward accurate identification of atypical S. aureus as a cause of disease in human and animal. Acriflavine sensitivity test must be included in the scheme of phenotypic identification for accurate identification and differentiation of typical and atypical S. aureus from other Staphylococcal strains.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Prevalence of Salmonella and Escherichia Coli Organisms as Bacteriological Hazards in some Meat Products1501574429210.21608/bvmj.2018.44292ENSaad,M.SFac.Vet. Med. Food Hygiene and Control Department.M. AHassanFac.Vet. Med. Food Hygiene and Control Department.NahlaAbou El RosFac.Vet. Med. Food Hygiene and Control DepartmentWalaa A.Abou Arayes,Fac.Vet. Med. Food Hygiene and Control Department.Journal Article20190807 Meat is considered an important source of proteins, essential amino acids, B complex vitamins and minerals. Due to this rich composition, it offers a highly favorable environment for the growth of pathogenic bacteria. A total of 45 random samples of meat products represented by beef kofta, burger and luncheon (15 of each). The weight of each sample was 10 gm collected randomly from different supermarkets at Meonofia governorates. The incidences of E-coli in the examined samples of meat products were 46.67%, 40% and 26.67 for beef kofta, burger and luncheon, respectively. Moreover, the isolated serotypes of E-coli from the examined samples of meat products were O26:H11, O111:H4, O114:H21, O124, O55:H7, O119:H6, O127:H6 and O128:H2 with various percentages. The incidences of Samonellae in the examined samples of meat products were 26.67% and 13.13% for beef kofta and burger, respectively. While, all examined samples of beef luncheon were free from Salmonellae. Moreover, the isolated serotypes of Salmonella from the examined samples of beef kofta and burger were S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis and S. Muenster. It is clearly demonstrating that there is high bacterial load beside a relatively high rate of pathogens (E. coli and Salmonellae), this may be due to mishandling and the negligence of hygienic aspects either at production levels where most workers did not have medical certificates or selling meat with expired dates. Therefore, it was concluded that E. coli and Salmonellae are meat-borne pathogens of public health important. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Occurrence of Bacillus Cereus and its Virulence genes in Some Meat Products by Multiplex PCR1581664435110.21608/bvmj.2018.44351ENShimaaAbd El-WahaabAnimal Health Research Institute, Benha.S.MSaadFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.M. AHassanFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.A. AMaaroufFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.Journal Article20190808One Hundered randam samples of different meat products represented by (rice kofta, kobaba, sausage and beef burger) were collected randomly from different supermarkets in Kalyobia governorates to be examined for occurance of B. Cereus & its virulence genes. The incidence of Bacillus Cereus was 60%, 52%, 40% & 36% for rice kofta, kobeba, sausage and beef burger, respectively. Moreover, the results of PCR out of 47 of isolated B. Cereus from the examined samples of meat prouducts were 15(31.91%) for cytk, 7(14.89%) for hblc and cytk & hblc 24(51.6%), respectively. Public Health significance of B. Cereus and its virulence genes and possible sources of meat product contamination as well as some recommendations to improve the quality of meat products were discussed Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Control of Bacillus Cereus in Minced Meat Using some Essential Oils1671714435610.21608/bvmj.2018.44356ENShimaaA.Abd El-Wahaab,Animal Health Research Institute, Benha.S.MSaadFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.M. AHassanFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha UnivA. AMaaroufFood hygiene and Control Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.Journal Article20190808The effect of different essential oils (Cinnamon, Clove and Marjoram) on viability of B. Cereus inoculated into minced meat was studied. The minced meat was inoculated by B. cereus at intensity of 3x106/g and classified into 4 groups. The first groups act as control(untreated) and the other 3 groups were treated with cinnamon, clove and marjoram by concentration 1% examined at zero, 2, 4 & 6 days at chilling temperature (4°C). B. Cereus count were 3.0x106±0.5x106for control &treated samples at zero day. While at 2nd days B. Cereus count were 2.9x106±0.3x106 with reduction % 3.3 for control sample,1.8x105±0.2x105 with reduction %94.0 for treated samples by cinnamon,8.5x104±2.1x104 with reduction %97.0 for treated samples by clove& 6.7x103±1.5x103 with reduction %99.0 for treated samples by marjoram. Moreover, the result obtained in 4th day of storage B. Cereus count were 2.7x106±0.3x106 with reduction % 10.0 for control sample,7.9x104±1.4x104 with reduction %97.4 for treated samples by cinnamon, 5.2x103±1.0x103 with reduction %99.8 for treated samples by clove in contrast marjoram had complete inhibition to B. Cereus at 4th day of storage. Concerning to the result obtained in 6th day of storage B. Cereus count were 2.6x106±0.2x106 with reduction % 13.3 for control sample,3.3x104±0.6x104 with reduction %98.9 for treated samples by cinnamon& clove had complete inhibition to B. Cereus at 6th day of storage .So in the current study marjoram is the best essential oil which make complete inhibition to bacillus cereus at 4th day of storage .followed by clove which make complete inhibition to bacillus cereus at 6th day of storage . followed by cinnamon. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Control of Histamine Level in Oreochromis Niloticus Fillets Using Essential Oils1721774474310.21608/bvmj.2018.44743ENElShafeyAnimal Health Research Institute, BenhaWesamS., IbrahimFood hygiene Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha Univ.HemmatM., HassanFood hygiene Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha UnivM.A.Maarouf, A. AAnimal Health Research Institute, BenhaJournal Article20190815It was studied that effect of different essential oils on the histamine level in examined Oreochromis niloticus fillet samples. Accordingly, the addition of essentials oils (cinnamon and Oregano) was applied by (1%) against control group. The obtained results revealed that histamine levels in control samples increased by 24.8%; 70.1% and 94.5% with mean values of 18.84; 25.67, and 29.35 after chilling for 3; 6 and 9 days, respectively; meanwhile, the histamine mean concentration at zero time was 15.09 mg/kg. Concerning addition of cinnamon oil 1%, levels of histamine decreased to 18.7%; 46.6% and 77.0 % with mean values of 17.92; 22.13, and 26.71 after 3; 6 and 9 days, respectively. In contrast the addition of oregano oil 1%, to the examined O. niloticus fillet samples lead to significant decrease in histamine levels by 8.2%, 23.9% and 32.3% with mean values 16.33, 18.7 and 19.96 after 3, 6 and 9 days in 4C storage temperature, respectively. Finally, it can have concluded that the addition of oregano oil was superior for control of undesirable histamine in Oreochromis niloticus fillets. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Assessment of Histamine and Putrescine Residues in Fish and Shell Fish1781874474410.21608/bvmj.2018.44744ENElShafeyAnimal Health Research Institute, BenhaWesamS., IbrahimFood hygiene Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha UnivHemmatM., HassanFood hygiene Dep., Fac. Vet, Med., Benha UnivM.A.Maarouf, A. AAnimal Health Research Institute, BenhaJournal Article20190815Ninety random samples of fresh fish and shellfish (45 0f each) were collected from different fish markets at different localities in Kalyobia governorate, Egypt. The fish samples were represented by Oreochromis Niloticus, Mugil Cephalus and Sardine (15 of each). However, the shellfish samples were represented by Sepia, Crab and Shrimp (15 of each). All the collected samples were examined for determination of their concentrations of biogenic amines (histamine and putrescine)that revealed to the mean histamine concentration (mg in fish samples (O. Niloticus ;M. Cephalus and Sardine) were 13.46±0.27 ; 16.80 ± 0.31 and 28.74 ± 0.52, respectively and in shellfish (Sepia, crab and shrimp) were 17.29 ± 0.40 ; 31.52 ± 0.48 and 44.96 ± 0.63, respectively In addition, the mean putrescine concentration values in fish samples (O. Niloticus ;M. Cephalus and Sardine) were 6.61 ± 0.21; 9.18 ± 0.24 and 14.45 ± 0.39 and in shellfish (Sepia, crab and shrimp) were 8.72 ± 0.29 ; 17.06 ± 0.42 and 25.19 ± 0.50, respectively The public health importance of biogenic amines as well as suggesting the recommendation for improving the quality of fishery products were outlinedBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Residues of Tilmicosin in Normal and Experimentally Mycoplasma Gallisepticum-Infected Broiler Chickens1882054474510.21608/bvmj.2018.44745ENAshrafAbdelhakim ElkomyDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.NoraEltananyDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.MohamedAboubakrDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.ZeinabRoushdy MohamedMycoplasma department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.MohamedElbadawyDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.0000-0001-9368-1535Journal Article20190815The present study was conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin (25 mg/kg b.wt.) following single and repeated oral administration (once daily for three consecutive days) as well as tissue residues in normal and experimentally Mycoplasma gallisepticum-infected broiler chickens. Following single administration of tilmicosin in normal chickens, the drug reached its maximum serum concentrations (Cmax) after 2.45±0.01 h of administration with value of 0.97±0.04 µg/ml. Absorption half-life (t0.5ab) of tilmicosin was 0.89±0.02 h and the elimination half-life (t0.5el) was 14.73 ±1.24 h. The repeated oral administration of tilmicosin in normal and Mycoplasma gallisepticum- infected chickens revealed a lower significant serum tilmicosin concentration after all times of sampling in infected chickens compared to those of normal chickens. Tilmicosin residues was assayed in lung, kidney, liver, heart, breast muscle, thigh muscle, fat and skin after 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h post last dose. The results showed that the highest residue values were recorded in lung followed by liver and kidneys while the lowest values were recorded in heart. Tilmicosin residues were not detected in all tested tissues except in lung till 5th day after sessation of drug administration. However, all the tested tissues were free from tilmicosin residues after 5th day after sessation of tilmicosin administration and this suggest a withdrawal period of five days for tilmicosin in broiler chickens. In conclusion, timicosin has rapid absorption, long elimination half-life, rapid and extensive penetration from blood into tissues especially lungs. Additionally, timicosin had a shortBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801In Vitro Study of Anticancer Effect of N Acetyl Cysteine –Metal Complexes as New Target Drugs on Human Cancer Cell Lines2062174474610.21608/bvmj.2018.44746ENOmaymaA. R. AbouZaidBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Moshtohor, Benha University, EgyptEmanNoamanRadiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.ShaimaaAbdelAtiInorganic Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, Cairo University.Gehad GenidyMohamedPost graduate studentJournal Article20190815 One of the main methods of modern cancer treatment is drug therapy but, it is found to be difficult to cure effectively. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a membrane-permeable metal-binding compound, might have anti-cancer activity in the presence of different metals. In the present study synthesis of NAC with (Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Se and Ag) by metals investigation and the formation of these complexes by IR, NMR. The effect of cytotoxicity of these complexes on Breast, Liver, Prostate and Ovary human cancer cell lines were evaluated. The best complexes were seen in cadmium N acetyl cysteine complex in breast, ovary, prostate and liver cell line. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Prevalence of Eimeria Species in Sheep with A Special Reference to Vaccinated Pregnant Ewes for Maternal Immunity for the First Time2182314474710.21608/bvmj.2018.44747ENM.Y.RamadanParasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.R.S.ElmadwayParasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityA. I.LashinChemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Shebin AlkomA. S.ELdiarbyVeterinary teaching hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Journal Article20190815 Sheep coccidiosis is an infection of economic and medical importance and have been observed in almost all alive sheep rearing in the world. Examination of 928 sheep fecal samples from different localities in Kaloubia Governorate for detection of Eimeria infection revealed a prevalence rate of 72.5% (n= 673/928). The identified Eimeria species oocysts were Eimeria candelas (78.3%), E. granulosa (63%), E. ovinoidalis (41%), E. parva (31.5%), E. pallida (22.1%), E. intricata (6.8%), E. faurei (6.2%) and E. ahasta (4.9%). The prevalence rate was high in females (76.3%) as compared to males (68.3%). The incidence of infection peaked in winter (83.1%) followed by spring (80.8%), while the lowest rate was in summer (61.0%). High prevalence rate was recorded in ages > 6 months (90.8%), followed by 6-12months (73.6%), while the lowest rate was in sheep over 1 year of age (55.6%). Single infection was recorded in 26.6% of infected sheep. Double infection rate was in 29.7% while mixed infection rate was in 43.7%. With regard to breeds, Rahmany and Osemy breed showed the highest infection rate (80.9% and 73.9%; respectively). On the other hand, Baladi breed showed the lowest infection rate (58.3%). Immunized dam with UV attenuated Eimeria oocysts and their progeny showed a significant increase in both IgG and IgM as compared to non-immunized control group. Biochemical analysis Immunized dams and their progeny showed high level of albumin, Beta and Gamma concentration levels as compared to control dams and their progeny. Conclusion, it could be concluded that Egyptian sheep was infected by 8 species of Eimeria with predominant of Eimeria crandalis and Eimeria granulosa. New born lambs from immunized ewes have high serum immunoglobulin especially IgG compared to those from non-immunized ewes. Recommendation, Immunization of pregnant ewes by two doses UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts one month before parturition to give protection to their progeny. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801The potential anticancer effect of [Cadmium-N Acetyl cysteine] as novel drug therapy for mammary cancer induced by Di Methyl Benzene Anthanthrene in rats2322454474810.21608/bvmj.2018.44748ENOmaymaA.R. AbouZaidBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Moshtohor, Benha University, Egypt.EmanNoamanRadiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.ShaimaaAbdel-AtiBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Moshtohor, Benha University, Egypt.Gehad GenidyMohamedProfessor of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University.Journal Article20190815The discovery of Cisplatin triggered the development of novel drugs containing other metals. Extremely diverse structural Chemistry and interaction of metal with ligand resulted in exploration of novel metal complexes with drug potential. The present work carried on 80 female rats which divided into four groups, after 12 weeks the mammary tumor appeared the possible anti-cancer effect of (Cadmium-N Acetyl Cysteine) which has been synthesized and study its effect on (Cd44, Cyclin D1, p21, caspase3, caspase 9 and cell cycle) were investigated on bearing solid mammary tumor induced by DMBA in ratsBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Immunization of Lambs Against Coccidiosis by Using Ultraviolet Irradiated Eimeria Oocysts for the First Time2462584474910.21608/bvmj.2018.44749ENM.Y.RamadanParasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityR.S.ElmadwayParasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.A. I.LashinChemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Shebin Alkom.A. S.ELdiarbyVeterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Journal Article20190815 The study was conducted to study the effect of Ultra-violet radiated Eimeria oocysts on immune pattern of lambs. For this purpose, Eimeria sp. (E. crandalis, E. granulosa, E. ovinoidalis, E. parva, E. pallida and E. faurei) were collected from infected sheep and propagated in a lamb for increasing the number of oocysts. The collected Eimeria sp. from the lamb, were sporulated in potassium dichromate 2.5% and divided into 3 parts; the 1st part was exposed to UV radiation for half hour and the 2nd part for one hour and the third left without irradiation. Nine lambs were classified into 3 equal groups; G1 was inoculated by half hour UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts, G2 was inoculated by one-hour UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts and G3 was inoculated by non-irradiated Eimeria oocysts. Fecal samples were collected from all lamb groups from 5th to 21th days, identified and count. Challenge by non-attenuated Eimeria was carried out at 21th day post inoculation. The obtained results revealed that immunization of lambs by using one-hour UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts showed low number of oocysts in feces before and after challenge compared to other groups. The same group also showed high level of γ globulin as well as increasing levels of IgG. It was recommended that immunization of lambs by one-hour UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts could protect lambs against CoccidiosisBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Prevalence and Genetic Detection of L. Monocytogenes from Milk and some Milk Products2592664475010.21608/bvmj.2018.44750ENAshrafA. Abd-El TawabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha Uni.FatmaI. El-HofyBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dep., Faculty of Vet. Med., Benha UniElhamA. MobarezAnimal Health Research Institute Dokki, GizaNancy,Y. TawkolVeterinarianJournal Article20190815 A total of 200 random samples of fresh dairy milk (80), soft cheese (40), kariesh cheese (40) and ice cream (40) were collected from small retails and different shops at Qaliopia and Giza governorates during the period of October 2016 to January 2017 and transferred with minimum delay to laboratory for detection the presence of Listeria species. The bacteriological results revealed that, 5/200(2.5%) were Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) includes 3/80 (3.75 %) from raw milk, 1/40 (2.5%) from each kariesh cheese and ice cream samples and 0/40(0%) from soft cheese. The results of Microgen TM Listeria-ID System revealed that all isolates were L. monocytogenes (99.92%). The PCR results for L. monocytogenes showed that all 16S rRNA were detected in five studied strains (100.0%) i.e., all studied strains were L. monocytogenes. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of E. Coli Isolated from Subclinical Mastitic Sheep and Goats2672784497710.21608/bvmj.2018.44977ENAshrafA. Abd El-TawabBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept. Fac. Vet. Med., Benha Univ.MohamedG. AggourAnimal Health Research Institute (Dokki –Giza)FatmaI. El- HofyBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept. Fac. Vet. Med., Benha Univ.MarwaM. Y. El- MesalamiBacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med. Benha Univ.Journal Article20190818 Mastitis is one of the most serious healthy and economic problems in all dairy sheep and goat flocks. Examination of 200 milk samples collected from apparently healthy sheep and goats using California mastitis test (CMT) showed that 94 (47%) were CMT positive. Standard methods for isolation and identification of E. coli could identify 19 strains. Five different serogroups were successfully identified among 19 E. coli strains, the serogroups were O1 (21.1%), O26 (21.1%), O114 (15.8%), O148 (15.8%) and finally O125 (10.4%), in addition to 3 untypable strains. The antimicrobial susceptibility results for erythromycin and cefoxtin revealed all E. coli isolates were resistant to erythromycin (100%) followed by high frequencies of resistance observed to cefoxtin 18 isolates (94.7%). Phylogenetic grouping of E. coli by triplex PCR using two genes (chuA and yjaA) and an anonymous DNA fragment tspE4C2 indicated that 5/6 were B2 group and 1/6 was A group. Detection of virulence genes of 6 E. coli. isolates showed that 2/6 harbored eaeA gene and none of 6 isolates harbored CFA/I gene. While, the mph A erythromycin resistance gene were present in 4/6.but 2/6 isolates harbored bla CTX cefoxitin resistance gene. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Biogenic Amines in Seafood2792864784310.21608/bvmj.2018.47843ENNariman A.HelmyAnimal Health Research Institute, Benha BranchMohamedA. HassanFood Hygiene Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityFatenS. HassanienFood Hygiene Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityAhmedA. MaaroufFood Hygiene Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityJournal Article20190912 Ninety random samples of fresh fish (Claris gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus and Mugil cephalus, 15 of each) and shellfish (Oyster, Shrimp and Crab, 15 of each) were collected from different fish markets in Kalyobia governorate, Egypt, for determination of histamine and cadaverine levels in their tissues. The obtained results revealed that, the mean value concentrations of histamine in fish samples were 21.59 ±1.72;18.31 ±1.45 and11.64 ±1.19 for Claris gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus and Mugil cephalus, respectively. Meanwhile, in shellfish samples and they were 41.75 ±3.26;33.08 ± 2.57 and 19.92 ± 2.02 for Oyster, shrimp and crab, respectively. In addition, mean value concentrations of cadaverine in fish samples were 17.86 ±1.40;16.57 ± 1.24 and 8.94 ± 0.76 for Claris gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus and Mugil cephalus, respectively. The average concentrations of cadaverine in shellfish samples were of 29.16 ± 2.05;21.83 ± 1.61 and 13.09 ± 1.14 for Oyster, shrimp and crab, respectively. It could be inferred that regarding the products contamination, the highest histamine contamination was in oyster followed by shrimp followed by Claris gariepinus then crab then Oreochromis niloticus finally Mugil cephalus. Whereas the highest cadaverine contamination was in oyster followed by shrimp followed by Claris gariepinus then Oreochromis niloticus then crab finally Mugil cephalus. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Hematobiochemical and Urological Alterations in Buffaloes with Post parturient Haemoglobinuria2872944784610.21608/bvmj.2018.47846ENHayatFayedDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.MohamedGhanemDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.YassenAbdel-RaofDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.HossamEl-AttarDepartment of animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190912 This study was carried out to estimate the haematological, serum biochemical and urological alterations associated with post parturient haemoglobinuria (PPH) on 70 haemoglobinuria and 30 apparently healthy buffaloes. Blood, serum and urine samples were collected and tested for various haematological, biochemical and urological parameters. Significant decrease in total erythrocyte count, Hb concentration, PCV %, lymphocyte%, serum inorganic phosphorus, total protein, albumin, glucose whereas significant increase in neutrophils%, serum urea, creatinine, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. In PPH colour of urine in haemoglobinuria buffaloes ranged from red, dark red to coffee colour. Analysis of urine samples by Reagent urine strips showed positive for haemoglobin and protein. It was concluded that post parturient haemoglobinuria causes severe alterations in hematobiochemical and urological parameters in buffaloes. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Disposition Kinetics and Tissue Residues of Cefotaxime in Healthy and Experimentally Staphylococcus Aureus Infected Broiler Chickens2953094785010.21608/bvmj.2018.47850ENElsaidM.GDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.AboubakrMDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptSamarRabeaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20190912 The pharmacokinetic parameters of cefotaxime were studied following I.V. and I.M. (single & repeated) injection in normal and experimentally Staphylococcus aureus infected broiler chickens. Following a single intravenous injection of 25 mg cefotaxime/kg b.wt in normal chickens, cefotaxime could be detected therapeutically for 12 hours post intravenous injection with mean value 2.34 µg/ml. The serum concentration – time curve of cefotaxime following intravenous injection showed that the drug obeyed two compartments open model with elimination half- life (t0.5(β) =3.11 h), volume of distribution (Vdss = 496.90 ml/kg) and total body clearance of the drug (CLtot= 137.63 ml/hr/kg). Following a single intramuscular injection of 25 mg/kg body weight cefotaxime in normal chickens, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 19.54 µg/ml was achieved at a maximum time (Tmax) of 2.42 h. The intramuscular bioavailability of cefotaxime in normal chickens was 81.92 %. Intramuscular injection cefotaxime twice daily for five consecutive days in normal and Staphylococcus aureus infected chickens revealed a lower significant serum cefotaxime concentration after the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth doses in Staphylococcus aureus infected chickens compared with normal chickens. Cefotaxime showed accumulative behavior in blood of chickens. After repeated intramuscular injection of 25 mg cefotaxime/kg b.wt every 12 h, cefotaxime was assayed in liver, kidney, lung, heart, breast muscle, thigh muscle and skin after 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h post last dose. Drug concentrations in liver, kidney and lung were (23.17 ± 0.614) (15.51 ± 0.31), (16.69 ± 0.405) (10.94 ± 0.04) and (14.04 ± 0.52) (7.92 ± 0.395) µg/g in normal and Staphylococcus aureus infected chickens respectively 24 hours after the stoppage of drug medication. Cefotaxime was completely cleared from tissues at 144 and 120 hours after the stoppage of drug dosage in normal and Staphylococcus aureus infected chickens. Results of this study indicated that cefotaxime was useful for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in chickens. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Cell Bound Immunoassay: A Simple Method for Detection and Titration of Antibodies to Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Small Ruminant Sera3103174785710.21608/bvmj.2018.47857ENS. S.A.SharawiDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityE. M.El-NahasDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityA.S.El-HabbaaDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityE.T.Saad AllaDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha UniversityJournal Article20190912 Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute and highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants, it may have morbidity of 80-90% and mortality between 50 and 80 %. A total of two hundred serum samples were collected from 120 sheep and 80 goats respectively during winter 2009 from Kalubia governorate, Egypt. Sera were tested for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)-specific antibodies by the serum neutralization test (SNT), and a recently developed cell bound immunoassay (CBIA). The SNT was used as the reference for the estimation of the sensitivity and specificity of the CBIA. Out of that 200 examined sera, 53 (26.5%) and 66 (33%) were found positive for PPRV antibodies by SNT and CBIA respectively. On the other hand, 17 out of 120 sheep sera (14.2%) and 36 of 80 goat sera (45%) were positive, contained PPRV-specific neutralizing antibodies. Concerning the use of CBIA for detection of antibodies to PPRV, 24 out of 120 (20%) and 42 out of 80 (52.5%) of sheep and goat sera were positive, respectively. The CBIA gave higher antibody titers to PPRV in comparison to SNT. There was good percentage of agreement (97%) between the SNT and CBIA for detection of antibody to PPRV, and it is suggested that the 2 methods are interchangeable. The sensitivity and specificity of CBIA to the SNT for detection and titration of antibodies against PPRV were 100% and 91.1 %, respectively. In conclusion, antibody seroprevalence in goats and sheep confirmed natural presentation and transmission of PPRV among ovine under field condition. In addition, the establishment of such a cell bound immunoassay for detection and titration of antibodies against PPRV has many advantages. Firstly, the method is simple, cheap, sensitive and specific for the laboratory conditions in Egypt. Secondly, the cytotoxicity and bacterial contamination of sera play no role in this technique. Thirdly, it is a rapid method for detection and titration of antibodies against PPRV. Fourthly, the microtiter plate containing infected monolayer can be preserved till being usedBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Pharmacokinetics and Tissue residues of Ceftiofur in normal and Aeromonas Hydrophilia Infected Catfish (Clarias lazera)3183294786110.21608/bvmj.2018.47861ENEl-Sayed,M.G.ADepartment of pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptEnas A. H.FaragDepartment of pharmacology, Animal Health Research Institute, Benha, EgyptShimaaF. ElzoghbyWork at Vet. Hospital of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20190912 The pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur were studied in 78 catfish divided into 3 groups following IV and IM (single and repeated) administrations. Following a single IV injection of 5 mg/kg body weight of ceftiofur in normal catfish (Clarias lazera), serum concentration-time curve was best described by a two compartments open model with elimination half life (t0.5β), volume of distribution (Vdss) and total body clearance (CLtot) of 5.700 h, 229.71 ml/kg and 0.642 ml/kg/min, respectively. Following a single IM administration of 5 mg ceftiofur /kg body weight in normal catfish (Clarias lazera) , the peak serum concentration (Cmax) was 21.77 µg/ml, achieved at a maximum time (Tmax) of 2.15 h. The mean systemic bioavailability was 67.22%. The serum concentrations of ceftiofur following repeated IM administration of 5 mg/kg body weight once daily for five consecutive days in healthy and experimentally Aeromonas hydrophilia infected catfish (Clarias lazera) showed a lower significant values recorded in experimentally Aeromonas hydrophilia infected catfish (Clarias lazera) than in normal ones. Ceftiofur showed accumulative behavior in serum of fish. Results of this study indicated that ceftiofur was useful for treatment of Aeromonas hydrophilia infections in fish. Ceftiofur was assayed in serum, liver, kidney, dorsal muscle, abdominal muscle and skin after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h from the last daily dose of 5mg ceftiofur/kg body weight for five days. . Ceftiofur could not be detected by spectrophotometer assay in all tested tissues in normal fish except in liver (four days), kidney (four days), and dorsal muscle (four days) post last administrations. Ceftiofur was completely cleared from serum and tissues at five days after the stoppage of drug dosage but in experimentally infected fish Ceftiofur could not be detected in all tested tissues except in liver (three days) and kidney (three days) post last administrations. Ceftiofur was completely cleared from all tissues at (four days) after the stoppage of drug dosageBenha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Effect of sun dried tomato pomace( SDTP) supplementation on productive and economic efficiency of laying Japanese Quail3303374786610.21608/bvmj.2018.47866ENSeham FawzyShehataDepartment of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.EmanKamelDepartment of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.Mohammed El-SayedAbo-Salem- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversitySanad TalaatAtallahDepartment of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University.Journal Article20190912This work was conducted to study the effect of sun dried tomato pomace (SDTP) with or without enzymes supplementation on productive and economic efficiency of laying Japanese hens. A total of 144 forty-two- days-old female Japanese quails were used. The hens were randomly allocated into 6 groups (24 hens per each group which subdivided into 3 replicates each one contains 8 females.). Group 1 was fed on the basal diet (BD) (control), Group 2 were fed on the BD containing AveMix® 02 CS enzyme 0.2g/kg diet. While hens of group 3 were fed BD containing 2.5% SDTP. Group 4 received BD containing 2.5% SDTP with AveMix® 02 CS enzyme. Group 5 received BD containing 5% SDTP. Group 6 received BD containing 5% SDTP with AveMix® 02 CS enzyme. From the obtained results, it was observed that addition of different levels of SDTP not affected significantly daily egg production. The greatest egg mass was for (5%) SDTP with enzymes group (281.57 gm)/ bird. While the lowest egg mass was for (5%) SDTP group (247.41 gm) egg/ bird. feeding different concentrations of SDTP with or without enzyme showed a non- significant effect on carcass traits in laying hens. The feed cost, Total Variable Cost (TVC) and Total Cost (TC) were high for the control group (367.63, 1084.88 and 1288.88 piasters); respectively. While, they were low for (5%) SDTP group (285.49, 990.84 and 1194.84 piasters); respectively. The highest Net Return (NR) value was found for (2.5%) SDTP group (381.25piasters) while the lowest one was found for (5%) SDTP group and control group (310.66, 310.84 piasters); respectively. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801A Phylogeny of Envelope protein like gene of Lumpy skin disease virus, Egypt, 20143383544786810.21608/bvmj.2018.47868ENG.HE.MEl-kady.Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.G.F.El-BagouryVirology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.E.M.El-NahasVirology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.A.S.El-HabbaaVirology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190912<br />Numerous of Cases of skin nodules eruptions tied to lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) are becoming more frequent in Qailubia Province, Egypt amongst cattle populations in 2014. In this study, a strain of LSDV (LSDV-Elkady-2014) associated with that outbreak was isolated from scabs of clinically infected Frisian cattle on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of specific pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECEs). The isolate induced hemorrhage, enlarged liver, slight heart hypertrophy of chick embryos, with a pock lesion on CAM. Identification of LSDV-Elkady-2014 isolate was confirmed by histopathology, electron microscopy (EM), immunoflourescence (IF), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting LSDV envelope protein-like gene. Based on the partial sequence analysis of LSDV envelope protein-like gene. LSDV strain was phylogenetically related to LSDV- NI-2490, LSDV/ NW/LW, and LSDV/2/slemani/Kurdistan/ 2014. In conclusion, LSDV is still circulated in Egypt, and the isolated strain induced characteristic properties on chick embryos that were not previously recorded by LSDV.Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Dietary effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) and liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on growth performance, antioxidant activities and stress resistance in Oreochromis niloticus3553704787610.21608/bvmj.2018.47876ENSarah A.BashaDirectorate of Veterinary Medicine Gharbiya Governorate, Egypt.Eman A.Abd El-GawadDepartment of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Ashraf A.Abd EL LatifDepartment of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, BenhaAmanyA. AbbassDepartment of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190912This work aimed to investigate the effect of dietary fenugreek seeds and liquorice roots on growth performance, immune status, antioxidant and stress resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this, five groups of fish each in duplicate were used, the 1st 2 groups were fed daily on experimental diets 1% and 2% (wt/wt) fenugreek; the 2nd 2 groups were received 1% and 2 % (wt/wt) liquorice and the remaining group was fed on control diet for 90 days. Growth performance (ABW, WG, WGR, SGR, L and LGR) and intestino-somatic index of fish fed 2% fenugreek supplemented diet were significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to control. Hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, PCV, hemoglobin concentration and DLC) revealed significant increase in groups fed 2 % fenugreek and 2% liquorice. Serum total protein and globulin were significantly increased in groups received 1 and 2 % liquorice supplemented diets. Liver enzyme (ALT) in fish fed 1 and 2 % liquorice diets was lower than control. Blood cortisol and glucose showed significant decrease with 1 % fenugreek. Liquorice treated groups exhibited significant decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Hepatic antioxidant enzymes [(SOD), (CAT), and (GSH)] showed significant increase with 2 % dietary fenugreek and 2% liquorice, while Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased compared to control. Post feeding, sub-groups of fish were exposed to 6 days starvation and hypoxia stress and the results showed that, cortisol and glucose levels were significantly decreased in groups fed 2 % fenugreek and liquorice treated diets and the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GSH response were characterized by significant improvement with lower oxidative stress (MDA) level compared to control. Results suggested that dietary supplementation of fenugreek seeds and liquorice roots enhance growth performance and improve resistance against starvation and hypoxia in Oreochromis niloticus. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801Effect of dietary fat sources on productive performance, milk yield and milk composition of multiparous rabbit does3713854788210.21608/bvmj.2018.47882ENHassanAbdel-RaheemAnimal & Clinical Nutrition Dept., Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptS. M.Abdel-RaheemAnimal & Clinical Nutrition Dept., Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptH. K. M.ShoeibAnimal Health Research Institute, Assiut, EgyptF. A..E.AliAnimal & Clinical Nutrition Dept., Fac. of Vet. Med., Aswan UniversityJournal Article20190912The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding different sources of fat or oil on productive performance, milk yield and milk composition of rabbit does. Thirty five multiparous New Zealand White rabbit does (two years old) with initial body weight of 3.5 – 4.0 kg were obtained from a local commercial source. Rabbit does were distributed into 7 groups (5 does in each), a control and 6 experimental groups according to the source of fat or oil used. Rabbit does were naturally inseminated using NZW buck rabbits (one buck/ 3 does) fed the control diet of lactation. Experimental period extended for about 60 days from the beginning of gestation period of does to weaning period of litters. Productive parameter of rabbit does including numbers of litters, average live body weight, weight gain, litter mortality rate and milk yield were recorded. At 13th day of lactation period, milk samples were collected manually from all does of each group and analyzed for basic chemical composition and essential fatty acids profile (linolenic and linoleic acids). Results revealed that the highest total number of litters born alive at birth were recorded in group B and G (47 & 45) fed on diets supplemented with fish oil and polyfat respectively, while the lowest total number of litters born alive at birth were recorded in group F (35) in which rabbit does fed diet supplemented with palm oil plus lysoforte. The highest total number of litters at 21 and 30 days of age was recorded in the group fed diet supplemented with 3% fish oil (40) followed by group G (37). The lowest mortality rate were reported in groups fed diets supplemented with sunflower oil, palm oil and fish oil (7.5, 12.82 and 14.89%) respectively, in comparison with the control group (25.0%). At 21 and 30 days of lactation, polyfat supplemented group had the greatest litter weight (233.4±11.7g & 404.1g), while sunflower oil supplemented group recorded the lowest weight of litters (209.7±4.8g & 365.6g). Milk yield of the groups fed diets containing 3% sunflower oil, animal fat, palm oil and fish oil were increased by about 17.7, 16.4, 15.9 and 15.8 % respectively than that recorded in control group. Addition of different fat sources especially sunflower oil to the diets of rabbit does significantly increased milk yield, fat and essential fatty acid contents of milk as well as beneficially improved milk composition traits. Benha University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha Veterinary Medical Journal1110-658134320180801The Molecular and Cytogenetic Characterization of Benha Line Chickens3863984788510.21608/bvmj.2018.47885ENM. M.Iraqi1Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EgyptM.MBekhitDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EgyptM.HRefaatDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, EgyptFSoudyDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, Egypt.M. M-ElAttrounyDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.AMansourDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, Egypt.M.M.AbdelrhamnDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, Egypt.O.FAbdelkreimDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, Egypt.A.AAboshadyDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, EgyptO.M.IbrahimDepartment of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
Moshtohor Research Park, Molecular Biology Lab., Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20190912Benha line chickens (Line B) were originated by crossing the Egyptian native Golden Montazah cocks with the White Leghorn chickens hens. The main aim of this study was to estimate the genetic characterization of Benha Line Chickens compared to Golden Montazah and White Leghorn chickens as parents. In this study, the genomic DNA of B line, Golden Montazah and White Leghorn chickens were extracted to carry out Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using five specific microsatellite markers (MCW0330, MCW0183, MCW0081, MCW0014 and ADL0278). These markers are specific for egg number, egg shell strength, clutch size, breast muscle weight (BMWT), body weight, egg production rate, heat stress and growth. Further, MCW0330 and MCW0081 primers are specific for resistance of Salmonella and Marek's (MD) diseases. Our results confirm that these specific microsatellite markers are specific for the Benha line chickens except the ADL0278 not specific for Benha line chickens. Further, 26 distinct alleles were detected at the five microsatellite markers. Amongst 26 distinct alleles, Benha Line was carried the largest number of specific alleles at five (20.8%), followed by Golden Montazah with two specific alleles (10.5%). In addition to, the polymorphic information content (PIC) and expected heterozygosity (He) for the three chicken populations were calculated. Benha Line chickens were the highest values of PIC and He per locus which were observed at MCW0183, MCW0330 and ADL0278, respectively, and the corresponding lowest were at MCW0014 and MCW0081, respectively. Moreover, chromosomal analysis was carried out and our results confirm that Benha Line chickens have a diploid number of 78 (2n = 78) chromosomes and the majority are microchromosomes.