Prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species recovered from aquatic foods sold at the retail market in Egypt.

Elsherif, Mohamed Fawzy; Saad, Saad Mahmoud; Hamad, Ahmed; Amin, Reham A.

doi:10.21608/bvmj.2023.223789.1684

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species recovered from aquatic foods sold at the retail market in Egypt.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ 1Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt 2Department of Food Hygiene, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Tanta Branch, Tanta 31521, Gharbia, Egypt

² Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt

10.21608/bvmj.2023.223789.1684

Abstract

Overuse of antibiotics in the fish and shellfish production systems throughout time may be one of the primary causes of growing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. In this study, 90 samples of Nile Tilapia, Mugil, and shrimps were tested for the presence of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species and monitored their antibiotic resistance pattern. The isolated bacterial strains were identified based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further, the isolates were tested against 14 antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion method, and the multidrug resistance pattern was studied. The results showed that across the three sample types, Pseudomonas fluorescens (26.7%) and Aeromonas hydrophila (21.1%) were the most common, followed by A. caviae (14.4%), P. putrefaciens (13.3%), A. sobria (12.2%), P. fragi (11.1%), P. alcaligenes (10%), A. veronii (5.6%), P. proteolytica (4.4%), P. aeruginosa (3.3%), P. cepacian (2.2%), and A. fluvialis (1.1%). The two most common strains were submitted for susceptibility analysis that revealed multidrug-resistant. For Aeromonas hydrophila highest rates of resistance were to Streptomycin (100%) and Penicillin G (92.3%), then Erythromycin (84.6%) and Cefotaxime (84.6%). For Pseudomonas fluorescens highest rates of resistance were to Nalidixic acid (100%) and Streptomycin (100%), then Erythromycin (91.7%), Penicillin G (79.2%) and Cephalothin (75%). Pseudomonas fluorescens and Aeromonas hydrophila had average multiple antibiotic resistance indexes of 0.521 and 0.494, respectively. In conclusion, fish, and shellfish sold in the Egyptian market act as a reservoir for the multi-resistant Aeromonas and Pseudomonas genera. These significant findings call for effective risk assessment models and management plans that protect human, and animal.

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